English Test, The Crucible Final Review
Giles Corey: Significant traits
"***** must be spoken for" (Miller 37) ~"fate was to be so remarkable and so different from that of all others" (Miller 37) ~ is in his early 80s. ~ is the "Most comical hero in the history" (Miller 37) ~ "didn't give a hoot for public opinion" (Miller 38) ~ "was a crank and a nuisance" (Miller 38) ~ is "Deeply innocent and brave man." (Miller 38) ~ is controversial. ~ is a town clown.
What are Important quotes to describe Plot and character details in the crucible?
"We cannot look to superstition in this. The Devil is precise; the marks of his presence are definite as stone, and I must tell you all that I shall not proceed unless you are prepared to believe me if I should find no bruise of Hell upon her." (Hale, Act 1, p. 35) The irony, of course, is that the "marks" of the Devil are nowhere near "definite as stone" - the only evidence to support accusations of witchcraft are the subjective experiences of the "afflicted." Even in cases when the girls display symptoms (going cold and clammy or having needles stuck in them), there's never any physical evidence directly linking the accused witches to their supposed crimes. "ABIGAIL: Don't lie! To Hale: She comes to me while I sleep; she's always making me dream corruptions!" (Act 1, p. 41) Abigail yelling "don't lie" at another person is highly ironic, not only because Miller introduced her as a liar (she has "an endless capacity for dissembling"), but because Abigail had just told Proctor Betty's illness was nothing to do with witchcraft not 20 page previously. "I cannot speak but I am doubted, every moment judged for lies, as though I come into a court when I come into this house!" (Proctor, Act 2 p. 52) "PROCTOR: Because it speaks deceit, and I am honest! But I'll plead no more! I see now your spirit twists around the single error of my life, and I will never tear it free!" (Act 2, p. 59)This pair of quotes both demonstrate the ironic concept: as far as the audience understands it, the only person who seems to be judging Proctor is not Elizabeth, but Proctor himself. There's also a bit of foreshadowing with "as though I come into a court", since in Act 3 Proctor will do that very thing. "No man may longer doubt the powers of the dark are gathered in monstrous attack up on this village. There is too much evidence now to deny it" (Hale, Act 2, p. 61). The village is certainly under attack, but not necessarily in the way Hale thinks it is. The real "powers of dark" affecting Salem are suspicion and fear, not anything demonic. "I am a minister of the Lord, and I dare not take a life without there be a proof so immaculate no slightest qualm of conscience may doubt it" (Hale, Act 3, p. 92). Again, the "proof so immaculate" that Hale speaks of is the word of one person against the word of another. As we'll see in a quote by Danforth later on in this article, the proof only remains beyond reproach if you believe in witchcraft more than you believe that people are fallible. There's also foreshadowing in this quote because by the end of this act, Hale is full of qualms, and by the end of the play, Hale feels he has "blood on [his] head" (p. 121). "But God made my face; you cannot want to tear my face. Envy is a deadly sin, Mary" (Abigail, Act 3, p. 106)Abigail's words here are ironic because in The Crucible, it is Abigail who is envious of the position Elizabeth Proctor has as John Proctor's wife. "DANFORTH, conciliatory: You misunderstand, sir; I cannot pardon these when twelve are already hanged for the same crime. It is not just." (Act 4, p. 119). The irony in Danforth's statement is that it wasn't "just" to hang any of the accused witches in the first place, and so continuing to hang people just because it's already been done before is a terrible idea.https://blog.prepscholar.com/the-crucible-quotes
What role did "utility" play in early American lit?
"the state of being useful, profitable, and beneficial," and given how demanding life was in the New World, settlers had time for little else other than what might benefit them directly. If this is the case, what purpose could they have had in writing their literature? Sure, they wanted to provide a guide for future generations, but there were even more specific lessons than that. Look at the suggested passages and follow the prompts in ascertaining what central ideas Bradford means to communicate with his recounting of events.
What were some events from Smith's memoir, the History of Virginia?
-Wingfield and Kendall tried to overthrow Smith so they allied with crew members. Smith ended their plot causing the death of Captain Kendall. -Powhatan was going to have Smith killed but Pocahontas threw herself onto Smith. The king allowed him to live so they could make the Indians hatchets. -Smith tied the Indian to himself and used him as a shield. -Pocahontas continually provided them with food and other provisions to keep them from going hungry and cold.
What is an allegory
-literal meaning The event of the story as they are told - Figurative meaning the second meaning is that every literal event as a symbol.
Rebecca Nurse:Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
A potential conflict could be ***** and Salem because they did not stand by her when she was tried.
Martha Corey : past or potential conflicts
A potential conflict is with her husband because he was the town clown and it was embarrassing.
Elizabeth Proctor:Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
A potential conflict would be Abigail and ***** because Abigail had an affair with John Proctor. Then later on John chooses to stay with ***** and ends it with Abigail. This could make Abigail jealous and angry. Abigail said this about *******, "bitter woman, a lying, cold, sniveling woman."
What is a paradox? How is it exemplified in The Crucible?
A seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded and true. A contradictory statement that when considered reveals a greater truth.
Betty Parris:Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
Abigail because she seems to constantly be getting ***** into trouble.
Define pathos & identify examples in Mary Rowlandson's narrative and in advertisements
An appeal to an audiences emotions Ex: An add with a homeless puppy for the SPCA. It makes people feel bad and want to donate money to them.
What are some characteristics of Smith's narrative, The History of Virginia?
Biased "who finding he was beset with 200 savages, two of them he slew, still defending himself with the aid of the savage his guide, whom he bound to his arms with garters and used him as a buckler, yet he was shot in his thigh a little, and had many arrows stuck in his clothes but no greater hurt , till they took him prisoner." (Smith, lines 84-89). This quote explains a relationship between Smith, a settler, and his guard, an Indian. Smith wrote that 200 Indians surprised him and started to attack. Instead of trying to work with his guard, instead ties the Indian to himself and continues to use the man as a shield. This shows that Smith (who represents the settlers) had little to no regard towards the Indians. Portrayed smith as a hero
What was the mixture of certainty and doubt that was at the core of Puritan beliefs?
Certainty: They believed that most of their humanity was doomed for all perpetuity, due to the sin of defiance by Adam and Eve's sin. They believed God, in his mercy, sent Jesus Christ, his son, to save the specific people that were doomed by Adam and Eve. Doubt: They believed that people were either saved or doomed. But was not sure how Jesus knew who was save and who was doomed. And, if so, how did they need to be to be saved.
What were some events of Mary Rowlandson's memoir?
Colonists had been forced into ever-shrinking land, and though they sold it they wanted to continue hunting on it as they saw "selling" as the ability to share the land not handing it over completely. When Metacomet's assistant was killed it was too much for him to bear and sparked the most severe war in the history of New England. Wife of the Congregational minister, Mary Rowlandson, was kidnapped by natives with her 3 children. is 81 days of captivity the ransom was paid and she was released.
Define ethos & identify examples in the text of Mary Rowlandson's narrative and in advertisements
Convincing someone through the characters credibility or trust worthiness of the author or speaker. Ex: Taylor swift drinking Coke-a-Cola. Makes people want to drink it because she it and shes really popular.
How does Mary Rowlandson's narrative use ethos & pathos?
Ethos- Mary goes into uncomfortable detail depicting the death of her child and and the emotional toll it took on her which reinforces her ethos because it helps us trust her but also makes here seem human and sane that she was able to recall all this information and stay calm through it all Pathos - The story is emotional in the way that she was separated from her children and another died. She also goes through d=starvation, abuse and captivity
Martha Corey: Important Background Information
Giles's wife.
Central ideas of the Plymouth plantation?
Gods divin
In the second paragraph, Miller recounts an anecdote regarding Harold Clurman and a showing of a Hitler speech. What point does this anecdote reinforce?--Why I Wrote The Crucible
He is reinforcing ideas, "they giggled at his overacting. Likewise, films of Senator Joseph McCarthy are rather unsettling" (Miller, paragraph 2 and 3).
What trick does Smith play on the reader via The History of Virginia?
He makes it sound as if it was written about someone else besides himself although he wrote it about himself.
How does first-person of The History of Virginia lend itself to bias?
He portrayed himself as a hero
Why does Smith trick the reader during the History of Virginia?
He tricks them so he sounds like this big hero in which he was not.
Who was Rowlandson's audience and how does she appeal to them?
Her audience is puritans in America, it appeals to them because it fuels their hate towards the Native Americans.
What role did biblical allusions play in Mary Rowlandson's narrative?
Her biblical allusions allowed her to relate to the bible and show that the same thing that happened to her happened in the bible.
What was some instances of bias during Mary Rowlandson's memoir?
Her daughter dies and the people don't have compassion for her which causes her to be biased
Martha Corey : observations
Her love of reading books got her accused of witchcraft.
Was Mary Rowlandson's work considered trustworthy?
Her work is considered trustworthy because it talks about real things that happened and has specific dates and times of when it happened which is relevant in history.
What did the Puritans believe?
Human beings exist for the glory of God The Bible is the sole expression of God's will Predestination (John Calvin's doctrine) God has already decided who will achieve salvation and who will not Those who are to be saved cannot take their salvation for granted Original sin One can accomplish good only through continual hard work and self-discipline Predestination
What was the solution to smallpox and what did it entail?
Inculcation. They separated anyone who had smallpox so that they didn't get the rest of the natives sick. Edit: Inculcation is the introduction of a small part of the smallpox virus into the human body, sort of like a modern day vaccine, but less sophisticated.
How might the events of Bradford's narrative (of Plymouth Plantation) both affirmed and challenged his faith?
It could have affirmed his faith to know that God was always there with them helping them get through the tough time. It could have also challenged his faith because it was a hard time and he didn't know why God didn't end the tough time that they were going through.
What is the commandment that John Proctor is unable to recall? Why is this ironic?
John Proctor is unable to recall the commandment about adultery. This is ironic because he committed this sin with Abigail. "HALE: You have said that twice, sir. PROCTOR, lost: Aye. He is flailing for it. ELIZABETH, delicately: Adultery, John." (Miller, 65).
In what sense can Mary Warren be seen as a foil to Elizabeth in this chapter?
Mary Warren can be seen as a foil to Elizabeth in this chapter because she gives Elizabeth the doll she made which is a prime reason why Elizabeth went to jail and was blamed for witchcraft. "I made a gift for you today, Goody Proctor.I had to sit long hour on a chair, and passed the time with sewing. ELIZABETH: perplexed, looking at the doll: Why, thank you, it's a fair poppet." (Miller, 54).
who is McCarthy and what is McCarthyism?
McCarthism- Named after Jeo McCarthy, a U.S. senator, who was at the front of his campaign to unmask the communists and communist sypathizers. McCarthy-he claimed to have a list of 205 names of people in the state department who were communist. He led through fear.
who is McCarthy and what is McCarthyism?
McCarthyism- Named after Joe McCarthy, a U.S. senator, who was at the front of his campaign to unmask the communists and communist sympathizers. McCarthy-he claimed to have a list of 205 names of people in the state department who were communist. He led through fear.
In the third paragraph, Miller then relates his own experience to demonstrate what point?--Why I Wrote The Crucible
Miller is making it sound comical, "Buzzing his truculent sidewalk brawler's snarl through the hairs in his nose, squinting through his cat's eyes and sneering like a villain, he comes across now as nearly comical, a self-aware performer keeping a straight face as he does his juicy threat-shtick." (Miller, paragraph 3).
How is Miller socially responsible?
Miller is socially responsible by making a play about things that were not right even though it would get him looked down upon. He only did it because it was the right thing to do.
With what purpose does Miller recount his time spent of the set of the film adaptation of The Crucible?--Why I Wrote The Crucible
Miller recounts his time spent of the set of the film adaptation of The Crucible as a purpose of remembering the fear that people faced and how the crucible aroused. "there is a biting irony in this film's having been made by a Hollywood studio"(Miller, paragraph 1 , "I thought again about how I came to cook all this up nearly fifty years ago"(Miller, Paragraph 1)
How does Miller show us Mary's true motivations for giving Elizabeth the poppet?
Miller shows us Mary's true motivations for giving Elizabeth the poppet when he wrote, "MARY WARREN, with trembling decayed voice: We must all love each other now, Goody Proctor." (Miller, 54). When he specifies that she was trembling when she spoke that line after giving Elizabeth the doll opened way for the reader to have suspicion of why she would be nervous.
Why did Miller write The Crucible?
Miller was personally a victim of the communist suspicion. He was so concerned about this fear that he wrote the crucible as a way of expressing these concerns.
What are the main ideas of Plymouth Plantation?
One of the main ideas of the Plymouth Plantation is God's divine Providence.
What were significant events in Bradford's account?
Pilgrims sign the Mayflower Compact, over half of the people in the group died from illness and starvation, Pilgrims set up a peace treaty with the Nauset Tribe, the pilgrims have the first Thanksgiving with Massasoit and his men, and pilgrim settlement is later turned into Massachusetts Bay Colony
John Proctor is a man of many conflicts. Identify the ways in which he embodies each of the following types of conflicts:Man v. Society
Proctor embodies Man v. Society when he was being critical of the current established state of the society and is for something that may bring change. "Parris-now he's out with it: There is a party in this church. I am not blind; there is a faction and a party.Proctor: Against you?Putnam:Against him and all authority! Proctor: Why, then I must find it and join it."
What are Motivations of the characters in the Crucible?
Reverend Parris- Wants to gain approval but also persecute his enemies Abigail - To divert attention away from herself and stay out of trouble; kill Elizabeth Proctor so she can have John Proctor to herself. Tituba- Self-preservation-she is threatened with beatings and hanging if she doesn't confess/ name others. Mrs.Putnam - Jealousy Thomas Putnam- Greed Mary Warren - FEAR-she wants to reveal the truth but breaks under pressure from Abigail and the other girls. Proctor- Justice, reveal the truth about Parris, Abigail, and the trails, and he wants to save his wife and later, himself and his good name. Elizabeth- Reveal the truth...Abigail's vengeance self- preservation. Hale - 1. Save Salem 2. Save lives-tries to convince the accused to "confess" and save themselves-denounces the court. Rebecca- She wants to show how absurd the trails are. She refuses to participate, even confess as a representation of what is true and just. Francis Nurse- save his wife Giles Corey- 1. Save his wife; he feels responsible for her accusation. 2. He wants to preserve his farm for his family. Danforth- To save his reputation and not make the court look bad if they dont get people who are hanged to confess
What is the purpose of sermon in the Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?
Scare people into believing in God.
Martha Corey: Significant Traits
She likes to read.
Why did smallpox ravage the natives?
Smallpox ravaged the natives because Europeans brought the disease over and because the natives were never exposed to the disease
What is a plot complication?Accurately identify and explain
Something that makes a conflict more complex and harder to resolve.
What was The Cold War
The Cold war is the stats hostility between two nations( no military conflict)
Why does the Puritans work account for the bulk of early-American lit?
The Puritans work accounts for the bulk of early-American lit because at the time they were the only ones able to read and write
What is the context: Great Awakening in the Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?
The context was that sinning and not being actively religious will not get you into heaven and you will suffer forever after death
What is the Nature of Native & Settler relations upon settler arrival?
The nature of Native and settler relations upon settler arrival was hostile, however it got better later.
Elizabeth Proctor:Observations
The only time ***** was able to lie was for her husband.
What was the author's purpose of Plymouth Plantation?
The purpose was to inform readers about the hardships that the settlers went through to reach the new land. To show that they pushed through and survived through the harsh hardships.
How does the relationship between settlers and natives grow in the Plymouth plantation? Identify particular instances
The relationship at first is no good. The natives stole the settlers' supplies and thought of them as a threat. Later on the natives apologized for stealing and wanted to make a peace treaty between the two. The natives invited the settlers to join them in the first Thanksgiving.
What is the significance of J.H. Perry quote? "Columbus did not discover a new world; he established contact between both already old"
The significance of this quote is that two worlds already existed and they were both old, only after Columbus "discovered"the new world he just connected them
When Miller says "I remember those years" at the beginning of the second paragraph, what years is he referring to?--Why I Wrote The Crucible
The years that Miller QUAC was happening and the years that Miller wrote the crucible.
what are similarities between SWT & the Red Scare?
They both accused people of either being witches or communists. People lost their reputations Single efforts of certain men with a lot of power to push their agenda of control over certain peoples, fear in the masses, and discrimination. Also, certain laws were passed to ensure that these actions would be carried out, such as locking up suspected communists or burning suspected witches.
A complication of the plot is a problem that makes the main conflict more difficult. If the main conflict in the play is whether or not there is witchcraft in the town of Salem, describe how the following scenarios complicate this conflict: John Proctor had an affair with Abigail
This is complicates the plot because Abigail is the one accusing most of the witchcraft victims. So when Abigail has a chance to get Proctor back and all to herself she has the power of framing his wife of witchcraft. "I saved her life today!...Somewhat mentioned. But I said I never see no sin you ever sent your spirit out to hurt nobody" (Miller, pg 57).
A complication of the plot is a problem that makes the main conflict more difficult. If the main conflict in the play is whether or not there is witchcraft in the town of Salem, describe how the following scenarios complicate this conflict:Mary Warren becomes an official of the court
This is complicates the plot because Mary Warren is under pressure and is scared that she may be hung. So, she blames John Proctor of studying and worshipping the devil. This creates more tension about witchcraft because there are more and more blaming. "I am bound by law, I cannot tell it." (Miller, pg 58). "'I must go to Salem, Goody Proctor; I am an official of the court!'"(Miller, 50). In the first act she wants to tell the truth about dancing the the forest but Abigail threatened Mary. So Mary is being controlled by Abigail. So we can imply that Abigail planted the idea of the poppet in Mary's head and Mary did the dirty work.
A complication of the plot is a problem that makes the main conflict more difficult. If the main conflict in the play is whether or not there is witchcraft in the town of Salem, describe how the following scenarios complicate this conflict:Samuel Parris desperately wants to maintain his reputation
This is complicates the plot because he may not what to be blamed for witchcraft. So if he is blamed or threatened to be blamed he would not mind blaming someone else to get the focus off of himself. "How can it be the Devil? Why would he choose my house to strike? We have all manner of licentious people in the village!"(Miller, 38). He is willing to see the truth and lie in order to maintain is reputation so it is not easy to push this problem aside because others will bend the truth.
Define logos & identify examples in Mary Rowlandson's narrative and in advertisements
Used when presenting evidence to support your point and relying on your audiences sense of logic to reach a conclusion Ex: A add to drive the speed limit and then they give you the statistics of people who dies because they weren't wearing their seat belts.
Rebecca Nurse: Important background information
Wife of Francis.
How does each definition of crucible apply to the play?
a container for melting or purifying metals" and "a severe test." The village of Salem was a strict puritan community, a container. The contents of this container are the God-fearing people of Salem along with their feelings and emotions. Fueled by the lies and blasphemy in the town, they're finally brought to a "melting point" where they buy into the deceit and start to charge witchcraft. The accusations of witchcraft can also been seen as a melting pot. At first, slaves and vagrants were the victims of the claims. Eventually, witchcraft became an indiscriminate foe when well-known citizens were charged such as Rebecca Nurse, George Jacobs, and Elizabeth and John Procter. The crimes were charged in attempt to purify the community of the influence of Satan. The entire community of Salem was put through a "severe test" throughout the trials. The test was of faith in God and the court, and their faith in the court was wavering by the end of the play. John Proctor was put through a severe test of faith in himself, and came through in the end by finding the good in himself and refusing to cast away his name in signing a confession.
Francis Nurse: Important background information
a nurse.
What is Deism? (Clock metaphor)
an outlook that "God had made it for all people at all times to discover natural laws through the God-given power of reason.
What ideal to Miller commonly condemn in "Why is wrote the crucible"?
communism
What was King Philip's War and how did it impact New England?
destruction of families and communities, Native and colonist alike, throughout New England. It took decades for the colonists to recover from the loss of life, the property damage and the huge military expenditures. The war was devastating for Native Peoples.
What does Miller mean in the seventh paragraph when he says "The far right, meanwhile, was licking up all the cream"?---Why I Wrote The Crucible
implying that the Anti- communist were not doing any work while letting the others do all of it.
Judge Hathorne: Important background information
is a Salem judge.
Judge Danforth: Important Background Information
is a judge if the Salem Witch Trials.
Giles Corey: Important Background Information
married to Martha.
What is Rationalism?
the belief that by using reason human beings can arrive at honesty.
Giles Corey: Past or potential conflicts
the town of Salem because they all thought of him as the town clown and as a nuisance and a crank.
What are some Basic info about the West Memphis Three?
three eight-year-old boys killed in the Robin Hood woods of West Memphis, Arkansas. Three men under the names Damien Echols, Jessie Misskelley, and Jason Baldwin were singled out because of the books they read, how they acted and dressed. These men were accused of killing the three children, two of the men were sent to jail and the third man was sentenced to the death penalty
Francis Nurse: Observations
very influential.
What was Smith's purpose during the History of Virginia?
was to educate the reader on how the natives and early settlers related to each other
John Proctor is a man of many conflicts. Identify the ways in which he embodies each of the following types of conflicts:Man v. Self
when he goes against HIMSELF with the vision of conduct. "He is a sinner, a sinner not only against the moral fashion of the time, but against his own vision of conduct." (Crucible, page 18).PROCTOR THINKS HIMSELF A FRAUD. PUTNAM STRUGGLING WITH GUILT. MARY WARREN BECAUSE SHE DOESN'T WANT TO DO WHAT SHE IS DOING. HALE AND THE WEIGHT OF HIS JOB. HALE NEVER SUCCEEDS AND HE THINKS HE IS INTELLECTUALLY SUPERIOR AND HE FEELS HE IS ENTITLED. "WHY AM I NOT GETTING THOSE THINGS" -THOMAS
John Proctor is a man of many conflicts. Identify the ways in which he embodies each of the following types of conflicts:Man v. Man
when he is fighting with his wife, Elizabeth Proctor. "his anger rising: For a moment I say.The others come in soon after." (Miller, pg52). PROCTOR VS ABIGAIL BROCK VS ELIZABETH PROCTOR VS HALE PROCTOR VS MARY WARREN PROCTOR PARRIS PUTNAM VS PARRIS ELIZABETH VS ABIGAIL MARY VS ABIGAIL CHEEVER VS ELIZABETH
Judge Hathorne: Significant traits
~ "In his sixties" (Miller 81). ~"Bitter"(Miller 81). ~"Remorseless" (Miller 81).
Reverend Hale: Significant information
~ 40 years old. ~ "Tight-skinned". (Miller 30) ~"Eager-eyed intellectual".(Miller 30) ~"A wily one".(Miller 31) ~"Looking a little worn out and guilty" (Miller 60)
Elizabeth Proctor: Important background information
~ John Proctor is married to *****. ~****** was sick after having her child and during Proctor and Abigail's affair.
John Proctor:Observations
~ a man who sticks out in society (he is a very well known and trusted man in Salem.) ~doesn't like how the world and society he is living in and he is not afraid to let anyone know it.
Mary Warren : Important background information
~ a servant of the Proctors.
Judge Danforth: Observations
~ believes he is the best judge. ~ pride was too big to stop the trials. He rather see people die than admit he was wrong.
Tituba: Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~ could have a conflict with Abigail because Abigail framed ****** and put all the blame on her.
Mercy Lewis:Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~ could have a potential conflict with Mary because ***** threatened Mary for her justified terror of being accused. ~***** could have a potential conflict with the accused people because she resided with Abigail who accused a lot of people and caused a lot of deaths.
Reverend Hale: Past or potential conflicts
~ could have a potential conflict with the court because by the end of the trials ***** is worn out and hates himself. The court was rewarding lying and punishing truth so ***** was getting fed up with the structure of the court. Thy put him in a bad place.
Judge Danforth: Past or Potential Conflicts
~ could have potential conflicts with everyone in Salem because he (as representative of court) was punishing people for telling the truth and rewarding people who lied. ~ could have a potential conflict with Hathorne because he thinks is the best judge.
Tituba:Significant traits
~ does not have any authority or power in Salem. ~ is very cultural and brought it to America with her. ~ is nice.
Francis Nurse: Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~ has conflicts with the Putnams.
Abigail Williams:Important background information
~ has witnessed her parent's death. "Indians smashed my dear parents' heads on the pillow next to mine" (Miller 17) ~ Betty's cousin. ~ Parris's niece. ~Her and Proctor had an affair.
Mercy Lewis: Important background information
~ is Putnam's servant.
Thomas Putnam: Observation
~ is angry because he keeps failing, his brother in law failed to become minister. ~ felt that his own name in honor of his family has been besmirched by the village. ~ a very bitter and forceful man when it comes to getting what he wants. ~ although tries, he often fails while trying. ~ had money from the beginning, and he would inherit the money when his father passes since he was the oldest son. He was interested in using that for power. ~ grandfather claimed land outside of Salem. However, the land isn't really his. ~ thinks that his opinions are more valuable than others in Salem. ~ thinks that he is the reason why other people have their wealth and land and their success. ~ is defensive when it comes to his family's claims and is willing to fight anyone about it.
Francis Nurse: Significant traits
~ is married to Rebecca. ~ is nice. ~ is rich. ~ is well respected in the community.
Mercy Lewis: Significant traits
~ is sarcastic. ~ is cruel. ~ is fat. ~ is sly. ~ is merciless. ~ is 18 years old.
What impact did this Mary Rowlandson's narrative have on literature and native/settler relations?
~ it seperated Indians and Settlers later in history. (Indians were judged) ~Stories about captivity went from "tales of physical and spiritual survival in the wilderness to propaganda. ~Sensationalism and stereotypes ~Going into the 19th century captivities became less popular.
Ann Putnam :Observation
~ may not be healthy enough to have children. ~may also be feeling guilt from the death of her 7 children. She is blaming her children's deaths on witches.
Betty Parris:Observation
~ more of a follower than a leader. ~does not have a fantastic relationship with her dad. ~She is scared of Abigail.
Elizabeth Proctor: Significant traits
~ never lies. ~ is kind. ~ is loving and attentive to her husband
Giles Corey:Observations
~ strong man who does what he wants. ~ does not want to be accused of something he did not do. ~ will likely be a static character throughout the story. ~ is blamed for bad things happening in the town. ~ is killed by being stoned and his last words are heavier, more weight.
Thomas Putnam:Significant Traits
~ well-to-do. ~a hard handed landowner. ~ 50 years old. ~Putnam is vindictive. ~ deeply embittered. ~a short fuse. ~ gets mad very quickly over small things. ~ is delusional. ~ can be harsh and abrupt at times. ~ is privileged. ~ is selfish and greedy. ~ looks down on the rest of the town.
Judge Danforth: Significant Traits
~"Grave man" (Miller 81). ~ "Of some humor" (Miller 81). ~ sophisticated. ~ "Exact loyalty to his position and his cause" (Miller 81). ~ Rigor. ~ Smart
Reverend Hale: Observations
~"He spent a good deal of his time pondering the invisible world"(Miller 31) ~"Conceives of himself much as a young doctor on his first call"(Miller 31) ~ started the witch hunt. ~ confirmed the witch
John Proctor: Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~***** and Elizabeth had a conflict because he had an affair with Abigail. ~ had a conflict with Abigail because Abigail would not leave ****** alone
Ann Putnam :Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~******* accusing Rebecca of witchcraft because she is afraid of what is going to happen to her daughter. ~may have a potential conflict with herself because she feels responsible for her children's death and may want to "punish" herself.
Judge Hathorne: Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~A potential conflict could be between ****** and Danforth because ***** is in Danforth's shadow. ~A potential conflict could be between ***** and everyone in Salem because he (as representative of court) was punishing people for telling the truth and rewarding people who lied.
Betty Parris:Important background information
~Abigail's cousin. ~ Parris's daughter. ~caught by her father dancing in the woods with Tituba, Abigail, and others. They are thought to be doing witchcraft. ~ falls in this coma like bed rest. She was not responsive.
Abigail Williams: Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~Elizabeth because ****** will try anything to get Proctor. Proctor and ****** because he wants to be together while Proctor just wants her to leave him alone.
(a) How does Elizabeth's arrest qualify as a complication of the plot? (b) What does it tell us about the state of the town? (c)How does her arrest build on other plot complications?
~Elizabeth's arrest qualifies as a complication of the plot because she was accused without really being a witch or practicing witchcraft. ~This shows that the state of the town is unstable because they are accusing innocent people. ~Her arrest builds on other plot complications because now that she is in jail Abigail may try to make a move on Proctor.
Reverend Parris: Important background information
~He caught his daughter Betty and his niece Abigail dancing in the woods, which he thinks is witchcraft. ~"In history he cut a villainous path, and there is little good to be said for him." (Miller, pg 1). ~He is a bad man. ~Betty is his daughter. ~Abigail is his niece.
Reverend Parris: Observation
~He doesn't have much of a reputation ~A Lot of people don't like him. ~A man who cares more about how he is viewed than the good of the people around him. ~He sees himself as very important and that he should be seen as a leader.
What is background info on Salem witch hunt/trials
~In Massachusetts Bay Colony ~Executed 14 women, 5 me, and 2 dog ~First hanging took place in june and last took place in September ~likly 144-185 people were accused (ages 5-80)
What were some conflicts in the Crucible?
~John Proctor considers himself a fraud ~Parris is constantly concerned that the people of Salem do not approve of him and are out to "get" him ~John and Elizabeth's marriage is under duress as a result of John's lechery. ~Abigail seeks to take out her anger and frustration at life's inequities on the Proctors and the town of Salem. ~The court rewards lies and punishes truth.
What is background info on the Red Scare
~Lead by Joe McCarthy and used McCarthyism. The HAUC; The house Un-American activists committee (exposed communists). ~Over 2000 Gov. Jobs were lost
What are some characteristics of Puritan writing?
~Puritans relied on the Bible to judge people, to guide them through life, and to relate to their life. ~Puritans used Diaries and histories were used to record about daily life and how God worked. ~Puritans used easy and simple writing techniques. They liked to have writings that told you exactly what was happening with no cliches.
What is social responsibility?
~Treat others how they need to be treated ~Speaking out against perceived wrongs ~Help people who are in need ~a personal investment in the well being of others and the planet ~The shared responsibility of a population to not only the health and well-being of their environment but also each other
What are the Two definitions of a "crucible"?
~a ceramic or metal container in which metals or other substances may be melted or subjected to very high temperatures. ~a situation of severe trial, or in which different elements interact, leading to the creation of something new.
Mary Warren : Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~a conflict with Abigail because Abigail was blackmailing ***** to do her dirty work for her (framing Elizabeth of witchcraft). ~ a conflict with Proctor because he did not want her to go to court but she did anyway. ~ had a potential conflict with the Proctors because she framed/ accused them of witchcraft.
John Proctor: Significant traits
~a farmer. ~ in his mid 30s. ~ a powerful of body ~tempered/ angered easily. ~ not easily led ~ a supporter of partisans. ~ trusted. ~ self critical.
Tituba: Important background information
~a slave. ~from Barbados. ~ was brought to America with Parris. ~ was caught with Abigail, Mary, and the girls dancing.
Rebecca Nurse: significant traits
~a very good reputation. ~ a good person. ~is trusted by Salem. ~ is careful. ~ is aware. ~ is down-to-earth. ~ is smart.
Betty Parris: Significant traits
~cannot bear to hear the Lord's name. ~10 years old.
Ann Putnam :Significant traits
~death ridden. ~45 years old. ~twisted soul. ~haunted. ~scared of the unknown. ~depressed.
Thomas Putnam: Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~does not like Parris. ~ is aggressive towards Parris and Abigail at times.
Judge Hathorne: Observation
~follows Danforth. ~ resides with Danforth
Mercy Lewis: Observation
~has little care for the public decency of the society she lives in. ~***** threatens Mary Warren for her justified terror of being accused of witchcraft (described as a "hanging error" later in the text).
Thomas Putnam:Important background information
~has many grievances. ~the oldest son of the richest man in the village.
Rebecca Nurse: observations
~is super nice and good.. I do not see any bad aspects in her.
Reverend Parris: Past or potential conflicts with others in Salem
~many enemies. ~John Proctor and ***** do not like each other.
Reverend Parris : Significant traits
~power hungry. ~very conscious of his reputation. ~greedy and selfish man.
Abigail Williams:Significant traits
~power hungry. ~a harlot. ~She will do anything to get anything. "I can make you wish you had never seen the sun go down" (Miller 17) ~ruthless. ~`relentless.
John Proctor: Important background information
~respected and feared in Salem. ~***** and Abigail had an affair.
Reverend Hale: Important background information
~reverend.
Tituba: Observations
~super nice and would never purposely hurt someone. ~ is targeted (Abigail blamed her for the dancing) just because she is a slave and does not have power.
Mary Warren : Observations
~the beginning could not stand by herself. Meaning, she could not do anything by herself. First off she was constantly supported by the Proctors. Then when the SWT started she followed in Abigail's footsteps. ~After a while she felt guilty so she went against Abigail to try to help the Proctor's. ~****** and Abigail flee Salem.
Ann Putnam : Important background information
~very sensitive on the topic of her children. ~ determined to make sure the only child she has left makes it through he SWT. Lost 7 of her children (death).
Mary Warren :Significant traits
~weak. ~ follower. ~ prone to drama. ~ scared of Abigail. ~ "A subservient, naive, lonely girl" (Miller 17) ~a liar.
Abigail Williams:Observation
~willing to threaten others and kill them in order to protect herself from harm. ~jealous of Proctor's wife and how he chooses to be with her and not ******. She is willing to seduce a man with a sick wife to the point that she performed a ritual to kill her in attempt to take Proctor. ~ bullies others into lying to protect her. ~ puts on a facade of good and kind character, but will do whatever it takes to defend her name and pursue her interests. Mary and ***** flee Salem.