Envi. Science 3.2 Quiz
A park bench may become very hot on a sunny day. Why is the bench like the rock mentioned in the passage above?
because it absorbs energy and becomes hot
In the highest layer of the atmosphere call the thermosphere, gas temperature is high but particle density of gan molecules is ___, so little heat can be transferred there
low
Explain why Earth's surface does not get hotter and hotter.
Because oceans and land radiate the energy, that they have absorbed, back into the atmosphere.
Visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet light are all forms of ___.
electromagnetic radiation
Electrically charged atoms are called ___
ions
Earth is surrounded by a mixture of gasses known as the
atmosphere
Approximately what percentage of solar energy that passes through the atmosphere reaches Earth?
50
What happens to the solar energy that is not absorbed by Earth's surface?
It is absorbed or reflected by clouds, gasses, and dust, or is reflected off of Earth's surface.
The flow of heat from a warmer object to a colder object when the objects are placed in direct physical contact is known as ___.
conduction
the flow of heat from a warmer object to a colder object when the objects are place in direct physical contact
conduction
A ___. current consists of air or a liquid moving in a circular path as it is heated and cooled
convection
the transfer of heat by air currents
convection
how does Earth's atmosphere change over time
gasses can be added or removed from the atmosphere through living organisms
the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when cabon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air absorb and radiate infrared radiation
greenhouse effect
The atmosphere contains ___ which trap radiated heat near Earth's surface.
greenhouse gasses
The second most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere is ___.
oxygen
In the upper atmosphere, the form of oxygen that protects Earth from the sun's UV rays is called ___.
ozone
gas molecule that is made up of 3 oxygen atoms
ozone
the transfer of energy across space and in the atmosphere
radiation
All of the solar energy that enters Earth's atmosphere does not reach Earth's surface because it is either absorbed or ___.
reflected
extends from about 18 km to an altitude of about 50 km
stratosphere
where is the ozone layer found
stratosphere
in the troposphere, which of the following decreases as altitude increases?
temperature and pressure
Without the greenhouse effect, Earth's atmosphere would be ___ to support life.
too cold
extends to about 18 km above Earth's surface
troposphere
what is Earth's densest atmospheric layer
troposphere
How much of the sun's radiation does Earth receive?
two billionths
When solar energy reaches Earth, it is in the form of ___.
ultraviolet light, infrared radiation, and visible light