Environmental 2.1-2.7 Test Review

The layer of the atmosphere where the ozone shield is found is the:

Stratosphere

Cutting a forest, especially a tropical forest, affects weather patterns by reducing the amount of:

Transpiration

Global cooling can be caused by this in the atmosphere?

Particulate Matter

Asbestos is:

A natural mineral found in certain rocks.

Which of the following lists the three types of radiation in order of increasing energy?

Alpha, beta, gamma

What are CFC's; what is released when split into UV radiation?

Are split by ultraviolet light in the atmosphere releasing chlorine.

Studies have shown that there is a relationship between the level of fine particulates and:

Asthma, hospital admissions, respiratory infections.

A pesticide is sprayed on trees in an orchard. The process in which the liquid is broken into fine droplets that enter air is:

Attrition

In the upper atmosphere this chemical protects the earth from radiation, but in the lower atmosphere, it is a pollutant.

Ozone

The EPA enforces this act which was designed to provide a nationwide program to address the most serious threats from hazardous waste and to make polluters pay to clean up the contanimated sites.

CERCLA (also known as Super fund)

Which of the following pollutants is not regulated by the Clean Air Act?

Carbon Dioxide

The majority of this pollutant is produced by gasoline-powered motor vehicles:

Carbon Monoxide

When it combines with hemoglobin, this pollutant decreases the ability of blood to carry oxygen?

Carbon Monoxide

The sun's ultraviolet radiation can cause:

Cataracts

Sulfur dioxide increases the toxic effects of:

Ozone

The burning of this fuel darkened the skies and buildings of London during the reign of King Edward I. Today it is the major source of air pollution in China.

Coal

The major process that produces most air pollution is:

Combustion

Asbestosis is a:

Condition that affects the normal functions of the lungs.

Catalytic converters:

Contains a platinum catalyst, reduce hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions, and protected by Clean Air Act.

How can massive volcanic eruptions, such as Mount Tambora and Mount Pinatubo cool the Earth:

Create aerosols that reflect solar energy and cause a temporary global cooling

The direction of the prevailing winds in the United States is from the west. Major mountain ranges extend from north to south. You would expect to find most deserts in North America on this side of the tallest mountain ranges.

East

This pollutant in vehicle exhaust interferes with the opening of some flowers, the dropping of leaves, and ripening of fruit.

Ethylene

The process occurring on the sun that releases huge amounts of light and heat energy is:

Fusion

Fuels that are pure hydrocarbons contain what:

Only carbon and hydrogen

Children may have decreased IQ scores if they are exposed to:

Lead

Low levels of this air pollutant in the blood interfered with normal growth and development in young children:

Lead

The earth's atmosphere( description and benefits):

Less dense as the distance from the from the earth increases. Thicker near the surface and filters out harmful UV radiation. A mixture of gasses that acts as a blanket to insulate the earth.

People who are exposed to carcinogens often develop:

Lung cancer

The study of weather is called:

Meteorology

This hydrocarbon is a major air pollutant produced at sewage treatment plants and landfills during the decomposition of organic waste.

Methane

According to the EPA, the air pollutant that is the most damaging to crops and costs farmers millions of dollars by reducing yields:

Ozone

Chlorosis occurs in the leaves of orange trees if they are exposed to more than 0.5 ppm:

Ozone

Which of the following chemicals is the brownish-red gas present in photochemical smog?

Nitrogen Dioxide

Which of the following would not be considered a Volatile Organic Compound?

Nitrogen Dioxide

The view from "scenic overlooks" in national parks is not as breath-taking as it once was because the visibility is being reduced by the presence of:

Nitrogen oxides, Sulfur dioxide, and particulates

The major gases in the earth's atmosphere are:

Nitrogen, and oxygen

The amount of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is so small that it is measured in parts per billion, but it is a concern because it is far more effective in trapping heat than carbon dioxide.

Nitrous Oxide

The transfer of light and heat energy as waves trough the atmosphere is:

Radiation

Huge clouds of this harmful gas are emitted during volcanic eruptions.

Sulfur Dioxide

When two or more compounds combine to produce a more volatile reaction than they would alone, this is called a what effect.

Synergistic Effect

The Atacama Desert in Chile is the driest desert on earth. The phenomenon that explains why it does not receive much precipitation is called:

The Rainshadow Effect

The climate may change due to the change of three things:

The amount of solar energy reaching the earth, movement of winds in the atmosphere called set stream, and temperature of water in the ocean.

What is important sources of methane in the atmosphere:

The decomposition of organic matter in swamps and marshes.

The smell of pain in a newly painted bedroom is due to:

Vaporization

The major heat-trapping gas that regulates the temperature of planet Earth is:

Water Vapor

The most important of the atmospheric greenhouse gases is:

Water Vapor

Which of the following greenhouse gasses can have a warming effect on the planet in some situations and a cooling effect in other situations?

Water Vapor

Ultraviolet light has been shown to affect the development of:

frog eggs

What is Ozone:

is constantly created and destroyed in the atmosphere.

Condensation is the process in which:

water vapor is changes into a liquid.