Enzymes

Give a brief description of the lock and key method.

-A substrate molecule slides into the active site. -The substance is split into two molecules, for example, to maltose molecules. - The enzyme is unaltered and ready to accept another match molecule. Essentially, the cycle starts over.

Active Site

A molecule that has a dent in it where the substrate can fit in.

Catalyst

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction.

Give the two terms that are the "beginning" and "end" of a chemical reaction.

Beginning: Substrate End: Product

What are the proteins called that reduce the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction?

Enzymes.

What usually ends in ase?

Enzymes.

True or false? Not all chemical reactions require enzymes.

False, they all do.

True or false? With an enzyme you need more activation energy to start the reaction.

False, without an enzyme you need more energy to start the reaction.

True or false? Enzymes are not specific.

False. Each kind of enzyme will only catalyse ONE kind of chemical reaction.

Where do metabolic reactions occur?

In living organisms. *They are controlled by enzymes.*

What two things happen during a chemical reaction?

Molecules can be 1.)Broken down (happens when the molecule is a WHOLE molecule) and 2.)Built up (happens when a molecule is NOT a whole.)

Define optimum temperature and what happens during it?

Optimum temp. is the best temp. for the enzymes. During optimum temp. there are a lot of collisions between enzymes and substrates (which is good)

Enzymes

Proteins that function as biological catalysts.

When the temp. is cold do molecules move faster or slower? Is the process quick or long and are there more or less opportunities to collide?

Slow, long, and less.

Do enzymes speed up or slow down a chemical reaction?

Speed up.

Catalse

Speeds up the breakdown of a substance. Works inside the cells of living organisms.

Activation Energy

Starts a chemical reaction and enzymes help lower the amount of energy needed to start the reaction.

What are the three different environmental conditions that can alternate enzymes structure and its ability to work?

Temperature, pH, and Ionic Conditions.

What can happen when an enzyme is exposed to rapid pH temperature and iconic condition changes?

The enzyme is denatured and can lose its shape and can stop working altogether.

What are enzymes named based off of?

The reaction(s) they catalyse.

True or false? All enzymes are proteins.

True.

True or false? Enzymes are catalysts.

True.

True or false? If If the enzymes structure changes, the reactants will not be able to fit, and the enzyme will not be able to speed up the chemical reaction.

True.

True or false? sSubstrates have specific enzymes they work with.

True.

Define substrate.

What's being broken down.

Enzyme-substrate-complex

When the substrate is in contact or fitting in their spaces in the enzyme.