Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development

Erikson's Theory

Considered a psychodynamic theory; posits that personality development is determined by the interaction of an internal maturational plan and external societal demands. Argues that there are eight stages in the human life cycle and that the order of the stages is biologically fixed.

epigenetic principle

In Erikson's theory, the idea that each psychosocial strength has its own special period of particular importance

intimacy vs. isolation

Young adulthood; involves committing to another person in a loving relationship

identity vs. identity confusion

Adolescence; involves developing a lasting, integrated sense of self

generativity vs. stagnation

Middle adulthood; involves contributing to younger people through child-rearing, child care, or other productive work

autonomy vs. shame

1 to 3 years; involves realizing that one is an independent person who can make decisions and feel doubt

initiative vs. guilt

3 to 6 years; involves developing the ability to try new things and and to handle failure

industry vs. inferiority

6 years to adolescence; involves learning basic skills and working with others

basic trust vs. mistrust

Birth to 1 year; involves developing a sense that the world is safe and a good place

Integrity vs. despair

Late life; involves viewing one's life as satisfactory and worth living