Essentials I Final

Which of the following is the correct order of the large intestine? A). Cecum, colon, anus, rectum B). Cecum, colon, rectum, anus C). Colon, cecum, rectum, anus D). Colon, cecum, anus, rectum

B). Cecum, colon, rectum, anus

At what age should woman start getting mammograms? A. 35 B. 40 C. 50 D. 55

B. 40

A woman has been genetically screened for factors increasing her risk breast cancer. Which gene(s) were likely investigated? A. PSA B. BRCA1 or BRCA 2 C. TP53 D. KRAS

B. BRCA1 or BRCA 2

Squamous cell carcinoma is more common than basal cell carcinoma. A. True B. False

B. False

What is an x-ray image of the breast used for screening called? A. Colonoscopy B. Mammogram C. Pap smear D. PSA test

B. Mammogram

What is the deadliest skin cancer? A. Nonmelanoma B. Melanoma C. Merkel cell carcinoma D. Actinic keratosis

B. Melanoma

What is the most common type of bladder cancer? A. Small cell carcinoma B. Urothelial carcinoma C. Adenocarcinoma D. Squamous cell carcinoma

B. Urothelial carcinoma

Most stomach cancers (90-95%) are what type? A. Lymphoma B. Small Cell C. Adenocarcinoma D. Leiomyosarcoma

C. Adenocarcinoma

Which of the sun's rays cause skin cancer? A. UVA rays B. UVB rays C. Both UVA and UVB rays D. Neither

C. Both UVA and UVB rays

In what situation would a breast MRI be most commonly used for screening? A. To examine a lump B. For those who have a family history of cancer C. For those who have the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene D. None, breast screening does not use MRI

C. For those who have the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene

What type of liver cancer is the most common at 90%? A. Hepatoblastoma B. Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma C. Hepatocellular carcinoma D. Hemangiomas

C. Hepatocellular carcinoma

Which of the following is an early sign of pancreatic cancer and indicates that a tumor is present in the head of the pancreas? A. Enlargement of the spleen B. High blood sugar C. Jaundice D. Vitamin deficiencies

C. Jaundice

What is the fifth most common type of cancer? A. Lung B. Colorectal C. Melanoma of the skin D. Prostate

C. Melanoma of the skin

Which of the following is not a screening test for colorectal cancer? A. Colonoscopy B. FOBT C. PSA D. Sigmoidoscopy

C. PSA

Which of the following risk factors contributes to 25% of pancreatic cancer? A. Chronic pancreatitis B. Obesity C. Smoking D. Alcohol abuse

C. Smoking

What is not true of screening tests? A. Finds cancer before symptoms appear B. Decreases the chances of dying from cancer C. Treats the cancer D. Easier to treat and cure when found early

C. Treats the cancer

Signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer may include. A. Weight loss and/or poor appetite B. Deep vein thrombosis C. Jaundice D. All of the above E. A and C only

D. All of the above

What are options for treatment for pancreatic cancer? A. Surgery B. Radiation therapy C. Chemotherapy D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following can be used for screening for lung cancer? A. Low dose CT scan B. Chest Xray C. Sputum Cytology D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following is a function of the liver? A. Make bile to help digest fat B. To store glycogen for the body to use for energy C. To filter harmful substances from the blood D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following is a malignant liver cancer? A. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia B. Hepatocellular adenoma C. Hemangioma D. Hepatocellular carcinoma

D. Hepatocellular carcinoma

Many colorectal cancers start as a growth on the lining of the colon or rectum. These growths are called... A. Ulcer B. Mole C. Serosa D. Polyp

D. Polyp

All of the following are true about the sun's UV rays except __________. A. The sun's rays are the most penetrating between the hours of 10am-4pm B. UV light can penetrate windows, windshields, light clothing, and clouds C. UV light can be reflected by water, snow, and sand D. SPF 15 sunscreen will not protect against the sun's UV rays

D. SPF 15 sunscreen will not protect against the sun's UV rays

Which is not a way to diagnose cancer? A. Physical exam B. Imaging tests C. Laboratory tests D. TNM

D. TNM

Which of the following is not a symptom of liver cancer? A. Unintended weight loss B. Loss of appetite C. Hard lump below the ribs on the right side D. Trouble urinating

D. Trouble urinating

Which of the following are symptoms of rectal cancer? A. Rectal bleeding B. Abdominal pain C. Weakness D. A and B only E. A, B, and C

E. A, B, and C

What are the causes of Kaposis sarcoma? A. AIDS B. Immunosuppression C. Hereditary D. Herpevirus E. All of the above

E. All of the above

What are the disadvantages of screening tests? A. Finding skin cancer does not always improve health or help you live longer. B. False-negative test results can occur. C. False-positive test results can occur. D. A biopsy may cause scarring. E. All of the above

E. All of the above

What are the risk factors for skin cancer? A. Being exposed to natural sunlight or artificial sunlight B. Having a fair complexion C. Past treatment with radiation. D. Having a family or personal history of skin cancer E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following are risk factors for stomach cancer? A. H. pylori infection B. Epstein-Barr virus infection C. Diet low in fruits and vegetables D. History of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following lifestyle modifications can reduce your risk of cancer? A. Stay physically active B. Limit consumption of red meat and processed foods C. Maintain a healthy (lean) weight D. Limit alcohol consumption E. All of the above

E. All of the above

By rigid sigmoidoscopy, the rectum measures between ㅡㅡ and ㅡㅡ from the anal verge. A. 10 cm ; 15 cm B. 50 cm ; 55 cm C. 4 cm ; 7 cm D. 20 cm ; 30 cm E. 1 cm ; 9 cm

A. 10 cm ; 15 cm

For those that don't have an increased risk of colorectal cancer, how often should they get a colonoscopy done? A. 10 years B. 15 years C. 5 years D. 2 years

A. 10 years

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor of colon cancer? A. Frequent sun exposure B. Family history of cancer of the colon, rectum, or ovary C. Personal history of Chronic Ulcerative Colitis D. Smoking

A. Frequent sun exposure

Kaposi sarcoma develops from cells lining the... A. Lymph or blood vessels B. Digestive tract C. Subarachnoid space D. Nail bed

A. Lymph or blood vessels

What is the most common type of skin cancer? A. Nonmelanoma B. Melanoma C. Merkel cell carcinoma D. Actinic keratosis

A. Nonmelanoma

What part of the colon is the most common site for cancer? A. Sigmoid B. Descending C. Transverse D. Rectum

A. Sigmoid

What stage is carcinoma in situ for colon cancer? A. Stage 0 B. Stage I C. Stage II D. Stage III

A. Stage 0

What are the top three modifiable risk factors for developing cancer? A. Tobacco use, excess body weight, alcohol intake B. Tobacco use, sun/UV exposure, alcohol use C. Tobacco use, cancer causing pathogens, physical inactivity D. Tobacco use sun/UV exposure, excess body weight E. Tobacco use, physical inactivity, sun/UV exposure

A. Tobacco use, excess body weight, alcohol intake

Colorectal cancer can often be prevented. A. True B. False

A. True

Exocrine pancreatic cancer is rarely curable and has an overall survival rate of less than 6%. A. True B. False

A. True

If you have a family history of melanoma, you are at greater risk for developing the disease. A. True B. False

A. True

Juandice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes) can be a sign of pancreatic cancer. A. True B. False

A. True

Males are nearly twice as likely as females to be diagnosed with stomach cancer. A. True B. False

A. True

Melanoma can develop anywhere on you skin and even an existing mole can become cancerous. A. True B. False

A. True

Most anal cancers are related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. A. True B. False

A. True

Radiation therapy has been compared with excision in a randomized trial that showed better response and cosmesis associated with surgery. A. True B. False

A. True

Surgery is the most common treatment for colon cancer of all stages. A. True B. False

A. True

There is no standard or routine screening test for prostate cancer. A. True B. False

A. True