Ethos, Pathos and Logos - Speech (Persuasion)

Ethos? Credibility

Ethos (Credibility), or ethical appeal, means convincing by the character of the author. We tend to believe people whom we respect. One of the central problems of argumentation is to project an impression to the reader that you are someone worth listening to, in other words making yourself as author into an authority on the subject of the paper, as well as someone who is likable and worthy of respect.

Ethos, Pathos and Logos:

Ethos: credibility, authority and reliability Pathos: emotion, imagination and sympathy Logos: logic, reason and rationality

Advantage of the three categories used for persuasion:

Is to persuade your audience that your ideas are valid, or more valid than someone else's.

Logos? Logical

Logos (Logical) means persuading by the use of reasoning. This will be the most important technique we will study, and Aristotle's favorite. We'll look at deductive and inductive reasoning, and discuss what makes an effective, persuasive reason to back up your claims. Giving reasons is the heart of argumentation, and cannot be emphasized enough. We'll study the types of support you can use to substantiate your thesis, and look at some of the common logical fallacies, in order to avoid them in your writing

In more depth meaning of logos and how to use it:

Logos: the logic used to support a claim (induction and deduction); can also be the facts and statistics used to help support the argument. Logos or the appeal to logic, means to convince an audience by use of logic or reason. To use logos would be to cite facts and statistics, historical and literal analogies, and citing certain authorities on a subject. Logos is the Greek word for "word," however the true definition goes beyond that, and can be most closely described as "the word or that by which the inward thought is expressed, Lat. oratio; and, the inward thought itself, Lat. Ratio. The word "logic" is derived from logos. Logos can be developed by using advanced, theoretical or abstract language, citing facts (very important), using historical and literal analogies, and by constructing logical arguments.

Pathos? Emotion

Pathos (Emotional) means persuading by appealing to the reader's emotions. We can look at texts ranging from classic essays to contemporary advertisements to see how pathos, emotional appeals, are used to persuade. Language choice affects the audience's emotional response, and emotional appeal can effectively be used to enhance an argument.

More depth to the meaning of Pathos and how to use it:

Pathos: the emotional or motivational appeals; vivid language, emotional language and numerous sensory details. Pathos or the emotional appeal, means to persuade an audience by appealing to their emotions. Authors use pathos to invoke sympathy from an audience; to make the audience feel what the author wants them to feel. A common use of pathos would be to draw pity from an audience. Another use of pathos would be to inspire anger from an audience; perhaps in order to prompt action. Pathos is the Greek word for both "suffering" and "experience." The words empathy and pathetic are derived from pathos. Pathos can be developed by using meaningful language, emotional tone, emotion evoking examples, stories of emotional events, and implied meanings.

Where does Ethos, Pathos and Logos come from? And what exactly is it?

The Greek philosopher Aristotle divided the means of persuasion, appeals, into three categories-Ethos, Pathos, Logos.

Meaning of Pathos:

a quality that evokes pity or sadness

Meaning of logos:

the Word of God, or principle of divine reason and creative order, identified in the Gospel of John with the second person of the Trinity incarnate in Jesus Christ. - (in Jungian psychology) the principle of reason and judgement, associated with the animus. (meaning animus: PSYCHOANALYSIS (in Jungian psychology) the masculine part of a woman's personality.)

Meaning of Ethos:

the characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its attitudes and aspirations.

In more depth of what Ethos means and how to use it:

the source's credibility, the speaker's/author's authority Ethos or the ethical appeal, means to convince an audience of the author's credibility or character. An author would use ethos to show to his audience that he is a credible source and is worth listening to. Ethos is the Greek word for "character." The word "ethic" is derived from ethos. Ethos can be developed by choosing language that is appropriate for the audience and topic (also means choosing proper level of vocabulary), making yourself sound fair or unbiased, introducing your expertise or pedigree, and by using correct grammar and syntax. (meaning of syntax- the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language 'the syntax of English')