Euro Industrialization Practice Questions
The Factory Act of 1833 constituted a major victory in the prevention of the exploitation of children in that it
banned children under nine years of age from employment.
Population growth in Europe in the eighteenth century occurred
in all regions.
The Great Exhibition of 1851 commemorated the
industrial dominance of Britain.
In the eighteenth century, advocates for agricultural innovation argued that
landholdings and common lands needed to be consolidated and enclosed in order to farm more efficiently.
David Ricardo's iron law of wages states that
the pressure of population growth will always sink wages to subsistence level.
At the center of Adam Smith's arguments in The Wealth of Nations was the belief that
the pursuit of self-interest in competitive markets would improve the living conditions of citizens.
In the "separate spheres" pattern of gender relationships,
women generally stopped working outside of the home after the first child was born.
What major problem in the textile industry was solved by the inventions of James Hargreaves and Richard Arkwright?
A weaver required several spinners to stay steadily employed.
Which of the following best explains Great Britain's early industrial dominance?
Easy access to raw materials such as coal and iron
Articles VII and VIII are best understood as a critique of which of the following?
The increase in government control and regulation of the economy
In the nineteenth century, Friedrich List believed that industrial development should be pursued
as part of a project of economic nationalism led by the state.
In seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe, guild masters
guarded their guild privileges jealously.
The spread of nationalism to areas such as Germany
Anarchism
How did class-consciousness form during the Industrial Revolution?
As modern industry created conflict between industrialists and laborers, individuals came to believe that classes existed and developed a sense of class feeling.
In 1850, in what occupational area did the largest number of British people work?
Farming and agriculture
Which of the following best explains why European governments began to pass laws regulating labor conditions over the course of the nineteenth century?
Governments were increasingly under political pressure to relieve problems caused by industrialization
The enactment of the 1870 Education Act described in the passage is best understood as part of the
Intervention of governments into daily life to advance social and economic polices
What was the function of the Crystal Palace?
It was the location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London.
What was the major breakthrough in energy and power supplies that catalyzed the Industrial Revolution?
James Watt's development of the steam engine between the 1760s and the 1780s.
How did railroads affect the nature of production?
Markets become broader, encouraging manufacturers to create larger factories with more sophisticated machines.
Article V's call for "equality in fact" is best seen as evidence for the influence of which of the following on Bakunin's thinking?
Socialist ideals of wealth redistribution
intervention of governments into daily life to advance social and economic polices
The Second Industrial Revolution
Which of the following most directly led conservatives to develop a coherent conservative ideology in the early nineteenth century?
The demands to restrain the excesses of Enlightenment radicalism
The increased availability of goods that Tolstoy critiques in the passage led most directly to which of the following?
The development of mass-marketing through advertisements and new shopping venues
The emergence of the "Ragged Schools" in London best reflects which of the following developments?
The growth of charitable institutions addressing urban problems
Babbage's statement that Britain's emphasis on machinery distinguishes it from all other countries best illustrates which of the following developments outside of Britain in the nineteenth century?
The lag time in industrial development of many European countries
Which of the following describes the enclosure movement of the eighteenth century?
The land was not divided, so the lord of the manor could directly control agricultural techniques and introduce farming innovations.
Babbage's description of how "every convenience" and "every luxury" came to be developed best illustrates which of the following?
The private initiative of industrialists and manufacturers that developed Britain's industrial economy
What was a competitive advantage of the rural putting-out system?
The rural poor worked for low wages
Which of the following was NOT a significant effect of the changes shown in the graph and the broader economic trends of which they were a part?
The spread of industrialization from Great Britain to the rest of Europe
Which of the following most directly challenged the conservative order established at the Congress of Vienna?
The spread of nationalism to areas such as Germany
The conditions in Russia described in the passage were most directly the result of which of the following?
The spread of the second industrial revolution to Russia
Which of the following characterizes the condition of peasants in Western Europe in the eighteenth century?
They were generally free from serfdom and owned land that they could pass on to their children.
Which of the following best explains Austrian foreign minister Klemens von Metternich's purpose in setting up the Concert of Europe?
To suppress lingering revolutionary sentiment in Europe
Which of the following groups at the time the poster was created would be most likely to support the suffrage movement?
Workers' parties, such as the Labour Party
Babbage's description of Great Britain's "tools and machines" best illustrates which of the following developments of the nineteenth century?
Britain's leadership in the process of industrialization
Tolstoy's critique of the luxuries available in shops best reflects which of the following developments of the nineteenth century?
The growth in consumerism and leisure time as industrial production increased
Thomas Malthus argued in his Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) that
Population tends to increase beyond the means of subsistence
Which of the following best describes the position on the value of private charity seen in the two passages?
Raudot claims that relying on private charity will have a positive social outcome, whereas the weavers imply that private charity is insufficient to address their needs
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the two sources' arguments?
Raudot does not want the state to intervene on behalf of increasing workers' wages, whereas the weavers do want the state to intervene
Which of the following best describes how each source sees the consequences of the policies they advocate?
Raudot sees state intervention as leading to rebellion by ungrateful workers, while the weavers see state intervention as aiding France
The "woes" referred to in the first sentence of the passage are best explained as part of which of the following developments?
The large increase in urban populations during the Industrial Revolution
Which of the following best explains the social dislocations experienced by much of Europe in the nineteenth century?
The rapid urbanization that accompanied industrialization
Which of the following was the most direct cause of the overall trend in Russia's output, as shown in the graph?
The struggles of Russia's modernization efforts against the dominant landowning interests
Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the poster's call for opposition to the Liberals without a recommendation for an alternative party or candidate?
The suffrage movement did not have a major political party that represented its interests
As the business world grew increasingly complex, what did the wives and daughters of successful businessmen discover in eighteenth-century Europe?
There were few job opportunities for women, as most businessmen assumed that middle-class wives and daughters should avoid work in offices and factories.
