Eviro Unit 6 Lesson 4: Crops

Select the disadvantages of synthetic pesticide use.

-pests building up genetic resistance over time -other animals besides pests being killed -can be a human health hazard -expensive -pollutes the environment

The two components of IPM are ______ and ______.

-prevention -control

Select the different IPM prevention methods. Select all that apply.

-rotating crops -planting crops that have disease-resistant roots -selecting resistant varieties

Select the different IPM control methods. Select all that apply.

-using pheromones to disrupt pest reproduction -using mechanical methods -using biological parasites

green manure

freshly cut vegetation that gets tilled into the soil

industrial agriculture

farming that uses machinery, synthetic chemicals, and irrigation

What percentage of grains are used for each purpose? -human consumption -feeding livestock -biofuel

-48% -35% -17%

Select two modern irrigation methods and describe why they are more sustainable than traditional irrigation.

-Center-pivot irrigation involves water that is delivered from pipes, rotating from the center on a pivot. It's more efficient and uses less water. -Crop rotation is when water is delivered directly to the plant roots through holes in pipes or hoses. Water is not lost to wind because it is not sprayed into the air. Water loss to evaporation is also minimized due to small drips coming from pipes or hoses instead of a large amount of water at once.

What are the three steps to the green revolution?

-Develop high-yield varieties and plant monocultures of crops such as corn, wheat, and rice. -Increase the number of crops grown per year on the same plot of land. -Use large quantities of water, synthetic fertilizers, and pesticides to produce high yields.

What are the different types of pesticides and what do they kill? Select all that apply.

-Insecticides kill insects. -Herbicides kill plants. -Fungicides kill fungus. -Rodenticides kill rodents.

List three types of organic fertilizers.

-animal manure -green manure -compost

​​​​Cash crops are typically grown in____________ countries and exported to ____________ countries.

-developing -developed

Select some pros to the green revolution. Select all that apply.

-fed millions of people -saved lives -caused less habitat to be lost to agriculture due to increased yields

Select some cons to the green revolution. Select all that apply.

-increased erosion -salinization -desertification -ground water depletion -air and soil pollution

Select the advantages of synthetic pesticide use. Select all that apply.

-increases food productions -saves lives -works fast -safe when used properly -increases profitability

In the United States, almost _____ of our fresh water goes to irrigate crops.

40%

What is subsistence agriculture?

Enough crop is produced only to feed the family.

What is traditional intensive agriculture?

Farmers can increase water and fertilizer input to increase their yields to be able to sell some of the food at local markets.

What is integrated pest management (IPM)?

IPM combines a varied approach to dealing with pests while minimizing negative impacts on the environment.

Why are crop rotation and letting land rest sustainable practices?

Pests and diseases do not build up in the soil and time is allowed for fertility to be returned to soil through green manure.

crop pest

any living organism that competes with humans for food

term compost

decayed organic matter suitable for use as fertilizer

traditional agriculture

farming that uses human and animal power and sometimes irrigation and organic fertilizers

agriculture

the growing of plants for food

green revolution

the introduction of industrial agriculture methods as well as engineered crop varieties to developing countries