EVR 1001 Ch. 6, Landing FSU

The global human population recently surpassed 7 billion people, and its annual growth is approximately _____ at the present.

1%

During which of the following periods did the world's population more than double?

1950-2000

A population that is not growing will have a TFR of ________.

2.1 or lower

(12) You are a demographer. After numerous calculations and diligent research, you agree with UN predictions regarding the human population. When do you think it will peak? 2025 2050 2075 2100

2050

The global ecological footprint for humans is estimated to be ________.

50% greater than what Earth can support

(16) There are approximately ________ people on Earth. 1.5 billion 7.4 billion 10 billion 6.7 billion 15 million

7.4 billion

What percentage of households in 2000 had 3 or fewer people?

74.9%

If global fertility rates remain at 2008 levels, the United Nations predicts that world population will surpass ________ billion in 2050.

9

Predict which of the following United Nations funding proposals both Sylva and Seager might support.

A development plan to build schools for girls in a poverty-stricken country

Which part of the IPAT model represents the influence of wealth and its environmental impact?

A for affluence

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of very high fertility rates?

All of the above are consequences

(34) Environmental factors set limits on the growth of populations. What is this limit referred to? Population density Carrying capacity Tipping point Total fertility rate

Carrying capacity

Sylva emphasizes the dangers to economies and social welfare systems from declining fertility rates. In comparison to Sylva, what would Seager say about declining fertility?

Declining fertility would provide many social benefits, such as less crowded schools and roads.

(3) Why do we study demography? Demography investigates the relationship between population ecology and population changes. Demography explores the relationship between population and war. Demography examines the interactions between living and nonliving members of an ecosystem Demography involves the nature of viruses.

Demography investigates the relationship between population ecology and population changes.

Which of the following would Lokiaka be most likely to support?

Empowering women through education

(12) Which of the following people is most likely to be attributed to the following: "Overconsumption will be the ruin of humanity rather than overpopulation." Paul Ehrlich Fred Pearce Julian Simon Harry Harrison

Fred Pearce

Douglas Sylva gives four reasons why government population control is bad policy. Which of the following statements represents one of his reasons?

Government influence over family size is prone to abuse.

Although Sylva and Seager seem to agree that couples should be able to make their own family planning decisions, they would disagree about which of the following statements?

Governments should provide resources and education for family planning

(12) Which of the following was necessary for the human population to be able to produce increasing amounts of food? Orange Revolution Red Revolution Green Revolution Yellow Revolution

Green Revolution

There is no data on fertility for some areas of this region. For which of the following IS data available?

Gujarat province

Which was Thomas Malthus's argument?

He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then the population would come under check because of war, disease, and starvation.

If current trends continue, with parents in the U.S. choosing to have fewer children on average (for example, 1 or 2 children versus 3 or more), how will future household sizes be affected?

Households of 3 and 4 people will increase and households with more than 5 people will decrease.

Which of the following statements about Earth's carrying capacity for humans is true?

Human beings are not unlike other animals concerning carrying capacity, but we utilize technology to artificially raise the carrying capacity increasingly higher.

(20) What is the sex ratio in China because of the one-child policy? It skewed toward more females resulting in more reproduction per person in the population. It is skewed toward the upper class. It is skewed toward more males, causing a slowing in population growth. It is evenly distributed between males and females.

It is skewed toward more males, causing a slowing in population growth.

(50) A graph of world population growth over the past 500 years most closely resembled the letter ________. K U M J S

J

What correlation exists between population density and fertility rates in India?

No correlation exists between the two.

Which of the following statements best describes the implications of household size for energy consumption and land use and development?

Overall energy and land use will depend on the type and density of housing developments in an area.

Why does Africa have the highest total fertility rate but a lower population density than parts of southern and eastern Asia?

People in Africa are spread out over a greater area.

(12) Which of the following tends to be true? People with more money are responsible for less carbon dioxide emissions than those with less money. An unknown relationship between income and carbon dioxide emissions exists. People with more money are responsible for more carbon dioxide emissions than those with less money. Money has no impact on a person's carbon dioxide emissions.

People with more money are responsible for more carbon dioxide emissions than those with less money.

(4) Why did China institute the one-child policy in 1970? To stimulate the economy. Resources were becoming strained, and pollution was increasing. Unemployment levels were too high. Disease levels were increasing. *(Don't need to memorize for test)

Resources were becoming strained, and pollution was increasing.

(4) What is the primary reason that China changed its one-child policy to a two-child policy? Increasing disease rates Shrinking workforce Failing economy Decreasing troops for the military *(Don't need to memorize for test)

Shrinking workforce

(12) Which of the following countries has the highest fertility rate? India China Japan Somalia

Somalia

(26) Which stage in the graph shows the greatest overall decline in death rate? Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4

Stage 2

(26) Which stage represents the fertility transition--a period of declining fertility rates related to economic and social change? Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4

Stage 3

(26) In which stage or stages is the size of the population relatively stable? Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stages 1 and 2 Stages 1 and 4

Stages 1 and 4

When birth rates decline, what happens to a given population?

The average age of the population grows older.

If the UN has its way, which of the following will happen first in the Niger Delta?

The drinking water will be made safe to drink.

(4) What could be a roadblock to the success of the new two-child policy? The decreased job opportunities could deter some couples. The poor education opportunities could deter some couples. The increased pollution could deter some couples. The increased cost of living could deter some couples. *(Don't need to memorize for test)

The increased cost of living could deter some couples.

In 1900, there were approximately 1.75 billion humans on Earth; in 1950, there were approximately 2.3 billion; in the year 2025, approximately 8 billion people will inhabit the biosphere. In the period between 1900 and 2025, what has happened to the human population?

The intervals between population doublings are decreasing.

Which of the following can be inferred from the age structure shown?

The population in Nigeria is growing more rapidly than Canada.

(32) Which of these statements about the growth of the human population is true? The human population peaked in the 1960s and has been declining since. The human population has been growing at a steady and constant rate since 1800. The rate at which the population has been growing has slowed in the past 50 years, but the human population is still getting larger. Population growth is evenly divided with 50% of the increase coming from the developed countries and 50% from the developing countries.

The rate at which the population has been growing has slowed in the past 50 years, but the human population is still getting larger.

What does a high percentage of population under age 15 tell us about a region's potential for population growth?

The region's population will likely increase.

How do women cause a reduction in the total fertility rate?

Through empowerment, personal choice, and education

Which of the following is most likely to be interested in acquiring the use of land in the Niger Delta?

a large agribusiness

(6) Ignoring migration, the age structure diagram of a human population likely to maintain a relatively stable size will have what shape? Both a pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that remains stable in size. pyramid a rectangle tapering toward the top Both an inverted pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that remains stable in size. inverted pyramid *(Don't need to memorize for test)

a rectangle tapering toward the top

Which region has the highest percentage of its population under age 15?

africa

What causes a decline in fertility rates?

an increase in family planning and birth control

(40) Zero population growth occurs in a population when ________. the ecological footprints are larger than the carrying capacity people have as many children as they can in the first 5 years of marriage total fertility rate exceeds the average replacement rate the carrying capacity is larger than the ecological footprint birth rate equals death rate and there is no migration

birth rate equals death rate and there is no migration

(26) What does the left y-axis of the graph represent? time total number of births and deaths total population birth rate birth rate or death rate

birth rate or death rate

(26) Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? In the future the birth rate and death rate will be balanced, so the total population will remain relatively constant. supported not supported cannot be determined from the graph

cannot be determined from the graph

The nations with the highest rate of contraceptive use (84%) are the United Kingdom and ________.

china

In a country where there are increasingly more households, ________.

consumption should increase

In comparison to 1970, the overall percentage of households with 4 or more people in 2000______.

decreased by approximately 10%

(39) Population growth is at the root of many serious environmental problems. From the ancient Babylonians thousands of years ago, to Thomas Malthus two centuries ago, to present day neo-Malthusians, humans seem to possess an awareness of Earth's limitations in the face of growing populations. Today, our ability to accurately quantify and monitor population growth is very sophisticated. We can measure growth and make predictions about world growth with mathematical and computer models. Despite long-lasting, rapid global population growth that is only recently starting to show signs of slowing, we have thus far been able to avoid global catastrophe. Can we continue to avoid disaster? Aside from contraception, human society and government policy can ________ to control population growth's negative effects on the environment. discourage emigration from Africa encourage emigration from Africa discourage population movement into sensitive environmental areas discourage equal education, employment, and literacy for women encourage consumption

discourage population movement into sensitive environmental areas

Which term describes the amount of cumulative land and water required to provide the raw materials a person or population consumes and to dispose of the waste that is produced?

ecological footprint

To limit the growth of the Zambian population, humanitarian aid agencies and organizations such as UNICEF are focusing on __________.

educating and empowering women

What was the overall trend in household size from 1970 to 2000?

household size decreased

The highest fertility rates occur mostly in which climate?

humid subtropical

Which climate contains the highest population density?

humid subtropical

Which of the following is a young man in Ogoniland most likely to be involved with?

illegal oil refining

The most accurate terms describing the trend over the past 50 years for human use of natural resources are ________.

increasing and unsustainable

(6) Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to decrease in size will have what shape? pyramid inverted pyramid Both a pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that decreases in size. a rectangle tapering toward the top Both an inverted pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that decreases in size. *(Don't need to memorize for test)

inverted pyramid

The view held by both Malthus and Paul Ehrlich suggests that depletion of resource supplies due to greater numbers of people ________.

is a problem because most resources are limited and can be depleted

(18) According to the figure, Nigeria has a ________ population size than Canada, with a ________ median age and a ________ proportion of the population at postreproductive age. larger; lower; larger larger; lower; smaller smaller; higher; larger smaller; lower; smaller larger; higher; larger

larger; lower; smaller

The age structure diagram of Canada suggests that its total fertility rate (TFR) is ________.

less than the replacement rate

Fertility rates are highest in which of the following?

northern India

(5) Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to increase in size will have what shape? inverted pyramid Both an inverted pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that increases in size. Both a pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that increases in size. pyramid a rectangle tapering toward the top *(Don't need to memorize for test)

pyramid

John Seager describes several benefits of smaller families, including ____________.

reduced carbon emission

Why aren't more couples using birth control in Zambia? Birth control in Zambia __________.

requires travel that many families cannot afford.

What is the relationship between family income and family size? In general, as family income levels __________.

rise, families have fewer children

(41) In the demographic transition model, the highest population growth rate in a country is likely to occur during ________. stage 1, the preindustrial stage stage 2, the transitional stage stage 3, the industrial stage stage 4, the postindustrial stage stage 5, the stability transition stage

stage 2, the transitional stage

Which of the following climates contains the LOWEST population density?

subarctic

(26) Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? The population grows most rapidly when the birth rate is significantly greater than the death rate. supported not supported cannot be determined from the graph

supported

Read the following scenario and answer the question(s) below. Population growth is at the root of many serious environmental problems. From the ancient Babylonians thousands of years ago, to Thomas Malthus two centuries ago, to present day neo-Malthusians, humans seem to possess an awareness of Earth's limitations in the face of growing populations. Today, our ability to accurately quantify and monitor population growth is very sophisticated. We can measure growth and make predictions about world growth with mathematical and computer models. Despite long-lasting, rapid global population growth that is only recently starting to show signs of slowing, we have thus far been able to avoid global catastrophe. Can we continue to avoid disaster? Despite dire predictions in the past, humans still inhabit Earth. A few economists would argue that this is because ________.

technological developments have alleviated some of the strain on Earth's resources

Based on trends, who will continue to acquire land in the Niger Delta?

the Nigerian government

(42) For the foreseeable future, which types of countries will see the greatest increases in population number? countries with low TFR countries with high per capita income the wealthiest countries of the world the countries that are poorest and least able to support population growth

the countries that are poorest and least able to support population growth

(7) The term demographic transition refers to ________. the slowing down in the growth of a population as it approaches the carrying capacity the slowing down in the growth of a population as it approaches it biocapacity a requirement for a population to reach a specific size before it becomes stable the decline in death rates followed by a decline in birth rates that occurred because sanitation levels in areas improved the decline in death rates followed by decline in birth rates, occurring as a country economically develops

the decline in death rates followed by decline in birth rates, occurring as a country economically develops

(36) Declining population growth rates in poor countries can be partially attributed to ________. illness in infants valuing the birth of a son reproducing beyond replacement fertility economic disasters the education of women

the education of women

The number of children in a family in Zambia has largely been determined by __________.

the father

(24) Malthus was responsible for ________. authoring the book The Population Bomb, which described the disastrous effects of human population growth the idea that population growth would lead to greater industry and prosperity defining the concept of ecosystem services the idea that without social restrictions, increasing human population would lead to famine and war recognizing the demographic transition effect in developing nations

the idea that without social restrictions, increasing human population would lead to famine and war

The period in a woman's life between sexual maturity and menopause is known as what?

the reproductive window

(26) What does the green graph line represent? population growth rate birth rate death rate total number of individuals in the population

total number of individuals in the population

(10) When do smaller numbers of people have larger ecological footprints? when there is war when populations immigrate and emigrate when they are from affluent, wealthier nations when they are from developing nations

when they are from affluent, wealthier nations