EVR1001 Ch 20

1. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projected a global temperature increase by the year 2100 of: B

A. 0º to 1.5ºC. B. 1.8º to 4.0ºC. C. 3º to 5.5ºC. D. 3.5º to 10.4ºC. E. none, they didn't actually make such a prediction.

1. Which of the following activities is responsible for the largest percentage of human-made carbon dioxide emissions? A

A. BURNING FOSSIL FUELS B. deforestation C. ozone depletion D. acid deposition E. agriculture

1. The group of air pollutants that tends to cool the atmosphere are known collectively as: D

A. CFCs. B. ozone enhancers. C. nitrous oxides. D. ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS. E. anti-greenhouse gases.

1. Which of the following causes sea levels to rise? E

A. Expansion of water as it warms B. Water is more reflective than ice C. retreat of glaciers D. ice absorbs more heat than water E. BOTH THE EXPANSION OF WATER AS IT WARMS AND THE RETREAT OF GLACIERS

1. Which of the following statements about the effects of global warming on agriculture is true? D

A. Global climate change may decrease the frequency of droughts. B. The warmer temperatures will result in increased soil moisture content in many agricultural soils. C. Global climate change will result in a global increase in agricultural productivity. D. RISING SEA LEVEL MAY INUNDATE SOME OF THE WORLD'S MOST PRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURAL LANDS. E. Warmer temperatures associated with global climate change will probably help to control agricultural pests.

1. The Kyoto Protocol:I. has been signed and ratified by over 160 countries.II. is an agreement to establish legally binding timetables to cut global emissions of greenhouse gases.III. is an attempt to control global climate change by prohibiting all carbon dioxide emissions by 2050.IV. has been ratified by the U.S., resulting in voluntary reductions in industrial emissions. E

A. I B. II C. III D. IV E. I and II I. has been signed and ratified by over 160 countries. II. is an agreement to establish legally binding timetables to cut global emissions of greenhouse gases

1. Which of the following statements about climate change affecting agriculture is FALSE? D

A. Increased nighttime temperatures are beneficial for some crops B. Increased nighttime temperatures are detrimental to some crops C. Agricultural productivity will increase in some areas, and decrease in others D. SUBTROPICAL REGIONS WILL BE ABLE TO INCREASE THEIR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN A WARMER CLIMATE E. Agricultural methods are now less reliant on CO2-producing fossil fuels

1. Which of the following is NOT true about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change? C

A. It summarizes the current state of knowledge and uncertainty of global climate change B. It provides the most definitive scientific statement about global climate change C. IT CONCLUDED THAT HUMAN-PRODUCED POLLUTANTS HAVE CAUSED MINIMAL CLIMATE WARMING D. It seeks input and review from climate experts E. None of these, all are true

1. The international treaty which provides operational rules on reducing greenhouse gas emissions is called A

A. KYOTO PROTOCOL. B. Montreal Protocol. C. IPCC Protocol. D. Mount Pinatubo Protocol. E. The enhanced greenhouse effect.

1. Studies documenting the arrival of spring and fall in the Northern Hemisphere are based on: C

A. average daily temperatures as measured at locations throughout Northern Hemisphere. B. fixed calendar dates that have been consistent for the past 150 years. C. WHEN BUDS OF PARTICULAR PLANTS OPEN AND WHEN THE LEAVES OF PARTICULAR PLANTS CHANGE COLOR AND FALL. D. average snow melt, precipitation, and consistently increasing or decreasing temperatures across the state. E. the amount of pollution, particularly greenhouse gases, found in the atmosphere of that region.

1. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas? E

A. carbon dioxide B. methane C. water vapor D. chlorofluorocarbons E. SULFUR OXIDE

1. Gases that absorb infrared radiation include all of the following except: D

A. carbon dioxide. B. methane. C. nitrous oxide. D. SULFUR OXIDE. E. tropospheric ozone.

1. Which of the following is NOT a function of climate models? E

A. exploring and analyzing past climate events B. exploring and analyzing future climate events C. determine consequences of global warming on the biosphere D. represent interactions among the atmosphere, ocean, and land E. NONE OF THESE, ALL ARE FUNCTIONS OF CLIMATE MODELS

1. The greenhouse effect occurs because: C

A. greenhouse gases released interact chemically to produce excess heat. B. there are too many greenhouses scattered across the Earth's surface. C. CARBON DIOXIDE AND OTHER TRACE GASES TRAP INFRARED RADIATION IN THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE. D. sulfur emissions from smokestacks and volcanoes continue to occur. E. the gases produced by human activities allow significantly more heat to pass out of the Earth's atmosphere.

1. Which of the following is not a predicted outcome of global climate change? E

A. higher global temperatures B. more extreme weather patterns C. extinction of some organisms D. rising sea levels E. OCEAN WATER BECOMES ALKALINE

1. Organisms that take CO2 out of the water and sequester it in the form of calcium carbonate are C

A. increasing in numbers because of the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. B. effectively serving as a sink for carbon dioxide. C. BEING THREATENED BY THE INCREASING ACIDITY OF THE OCEANS FROM CARBONIC ACID. D. disappearing at an alarming rate as oceans become more alkaline. E. converting the calcium carbonate to sulfuric acid.

1. Major thawing of glaciers and the polar ice caps: C

A. is occurring as the result of excess aerosols in the atmosphere. B. will only impact those few people that live within 150 km of a coastline. C. WILL CONTRIBUTE TO A RISE IN SEA LEVEL BECAUSE OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF THE WARMING OCEAN, D. will result in an estimated 150 cm increase in sea level by 2100, according to IPCC estimate. E. All of these statements are correct

1. Which of the following is NOT a potential harmful effect on human health resulting from climate change? D

A. malaria B. yellow fever C. heatstroke and heat-related illnesses D. RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS E. schistosomiasis

1. Which of the following are two ways to attempt to manage global climate change? D

A. mitigation and conservation B. adaptation and exploitation C. reducing electricity and stopping cigarette smoke D. mitigation and adaptation E. none of these

1. Which of the following effects on organisms is a result of climate warming? C

A. premature birth in mammals B. sterility C. EARLY MIGRATION OF AQUATIC SPECIES D. physical deformities E. increased cancer rates

1. In California, major wildfires have been increasing since the mid-1980's. Climate change is believed to play a role in this increase by its effects on: B

A. prevailing wind patterns B. TIMING OF SNOWMELT C. reduction in annual precipitation. D. Both the timing of snowmelt and the reduction in annual precipitation E. all of these statements are correct

1. A situation in which a change in some conditions triggers a response that counteracts, or reverses, the changed condition is called C

A. the second law of thermodynamics. B. positive feedback. C. NEGATIVE FEEDBACK. D. thermoregulation. E. the Gaia hypothesis.

1. Which of the following does NOT influence climate change? E

A. winds B. clouds C. albedo D. ocean currents E. NONE OF THESE, ALL INFLUENCE CLIMATE CHANGE