EVR1001 Chapter 20

The International treaty which provides operational rules on reducing greenhouse gas emissions is called: a. Kyoto Protocol b. Montreal Protocol c. IPCC Protocol d. Mount Pinatubo Protocol e. The enhanced green effect

a. Kyoto Protocol

Which of the following activities is responsible for the largest percentage of human-made carbon dioxide emissions? a. burning fossil fuels b. deforestation c. ozone depletion d. acid deposition e. agriculture

a. burning fossil fuels

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projected a global temperature increase by the year 2100 of: a. 0 degrees to 1.5 degrees celsius b. 1.8 degrees to 4.0 degrees celsius c. 3 degrees to 5.5 degrees celsius d. 3.5 to 10.4 degrees celsius e. none, they didn't actually make such a prediction

b. 1.8 degrees to 4.0 degrees celsius

In California, major wildfires have been increasing since the mid-1980's. Climate change is believed to play a role in this increase by its effects on: a. prevailing wind patterns b. timing of snowmelt c. reduction in annual precipitation d. both the timing of snowmelt and the reduction in annual precipitation e. all of these statements are correct

b. timing of snowmelt

Organisms that take CO2 out of the water and sequester it in the form of calcium carbonate are: a. increasing in numbers because of the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere b. effectively serving as a sink for carbon dioxide c. being threatened by the increasing acidity of the oceans from carbonic acid d. disappearing at an alarming rate as oceans become more alkaline e. converting the calcium carbonate to sulfuric acid.

c. being threatened by the increasing acidity of the oceans from carbonic acid

The greenhouse effect occurs because: a. greenhouse gases released interact chemically to produce excess that b. there are too many greenhouses scattered across the Earth's surface c. carbon dioxide and other trace gases trap infrared radiation in the Earth's atmosphere d. sulfur emissions from smokestacks and volcanoes continue to occur e. the gases produced by human activities allow significantly more heat to pass out of the Earth's atmosphere

c. carbon dioxide and other trace gases trap infrared radiation in the Earth's atmosphere

Which of the following effects on organisms is a result of climate warming? a. premature birth in mammals b. sterility c. early migration of aquatic species d. physical deformities e. increased cancer rates

c. early migration of aquatic species

Which of the following is NOT true about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change? a. it summarizes the current state of knowledge and uncertainly of global climate change b. it provides the most definitive scientific statement about global climate change c. it concluded that human-produced pollutants have cause minimal climate warming d. it seeks input and review from climate experts e. None of these, all influence climate change.

c. it concluded that human-produced pollutants have cause minimal climate warming

A situation in which a change in some conditions triggers a response that counteracts, or reverses, the change condition is called: a. the second law of thermodynamics b. positive feedback c. negative feedback d. thermoregulation e. the Gaia hypothesis

c. negative feedback

Studies documenting the arrival of spring and fall in the Northern Hemisphere are based on: a. average daily temperatures as measured at locations throughout Northern Hemisphere. b. fixed calendar dates that have been consistent for the past 150 years. c. when buds of particular plants open and when the leaves of particular plants change color and fall d. average snow melt, precipitation, and consistently increasing or decreasing temperatures across the state. e. the amount of pollution, particularly greenhouse gases, found in the atmosphere of that region.

c. when buds of particular plants open and when the leaves of particular plants change color and fall

The group of air pollutants that tends to cool the atmosphere are known collectively as: a. CFC's b. ozone enhancers c. nitrous oxides d. atmospheric aerosols e. anti-greenhouse gases

d. atmospheric aerosols

Which of the following are two ways to attempt to manage global climate change? a. mitigation and conservation b. adaptation and exploitation c. reducing electricity and stopping cigarette smoke d. mitigation and adaptation e. none of these

d. mitigation and adaptation

Which of the following is NOT a potential harmful effect on human health resulting from climate change? a. malaria b. yellow fever c. heatstroke and heat-related illnesses d. respiratory problems e. schistosomiasis

d. respiratory problems

Which of the following statements about the effects of global warming of agriculture is true? a. Global climate change may decrease the frequency of droughts b. the warmer temperatures will result in increased soil moisture content in many agricultural soils c. global climate change will result in a global increase in agricultural productivity d. rising sea level may inundate in some of the world's most productive agricultural lands e. warmer temperatures associated with global climate change will probably help to control agricultural pests

d. rising sea level may inundate in some of the world's most productive agricultural lands

Which of the following statements about climate change affecting agriculture is FALSE? a. increased nightime temperatures are beneficial for some crops b. increased nighttime temperatures are detrimental for some crops c. agricultural productivity will increase in some areas and decrease in others. d. subtropical regions will be able to increase their agricultural productivity in a warmer climate. e. agricultural methods are now less reliant on CO2-producing fossil fuels

d. subtropical regions will be able to increase their agricultural productivity in a warmer climate.

Gases that absorb infrared radiation include all of the following except: a. carbon dioxide b. methane c. nitrous oxide d. sulfur oxide e. tropospheric ozone

d. sulfur oxide

The Kyoto Protocol:I. has been signed and ratified by over 160 countries, II. is an agreement to establish legally binding timetables to cut global emissions of greenhouse gasses,III. is an attempt to control global climate change by prohibiting all carbon dioxide emissions by 2050,IV. has been ratified by the U.S, resulting in voluntary reductions in industrial emissions. a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. I and II

e. I and II

Which of the following causes sea levels to rise? a. expansion of water as it warms b. water is more reflexive than ice c. retreat of glaciers d. ice absorbs more than water e. both the expansion of water as it warms and the retreat of glaciers

e. both the expansion of water as it warms and the retreat of glaciers

Which of the following is NOT a function of climate models? a. exploring and analyzing past climate events b. exploring and analyzing future climate events c. determine consequences of global warming on the biosphere d. represent interactions among the atmosphere, ocean, and land e. none of these, all are functions of climate models

e. none of these, all are functions of climate models

Which of the following does NOT influence climate change? a. winds b. clouds c. albedo d. ocean currents e. none of these, all influence climate change

e. none of these, all influence climate change

Which of the following is NOT a predicted outcome of global climate change? a. higher global temperatures b. more extreme weather patterns c. extinction of some organisms d. rising sea levels e. ocean water becomes alkaline

e. ocean water becomes alkaline

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? a. carbon dioxide b. methane c. water vapor d. chlorofluorocarbons e. sulfur oxide

e. sulfur oxide