Exam 1
Why wasn't Bertillon able to identify the thief that stole the Mona Lisa in 1911?
"Because fingerprints were left behind from the left hand, and Bertillon only took the fingerprints o suspects' right hand."
"The word 'forensics' actually means'
'belonging to, used in, or suitable to courts of judicature; an argument'
What is the common name for a contusion?
Bruise
The Culshaw case is important because:
It was the first documented case of matching physical evidence in modern history
Which famous figure was the inspiration for Sherlock Holmes?
Joseph Bell
What may be called a "trier of fact?"
Jury
Hans Gross started which journal? * Kriminologie * Journal of Forensic Sciences * Forensic Science International * Criminalistics
Kriminologie
Why does rigor mortis form after death?
Lack of ATP formation
You are working the scene of a body dump in which the victim was killed elsewhere. How do you classify the dump site?
Secondary crime scene
A knife wound is:
Sharp force trauma
Who is responsible for developing probability models, showing that fingerprints were unique?
Victor Balthazard
Who wrote the first comprehensive book on hair analysis, The Hair of Man and Animals, published in 1910?
Victor Balthazard and Marcelle Lambert
Anthropometry used how many body measurements?
11
Haw far (on average terrain) do dispersing maggots travel?
15 - 20 feet
What year were fingerprints adopted by the British government as an adjunct to Bertillonage?
1892
In what year did the federal government enact a death investigation operation outside of Washington D.C.?
1990s
A thin film can develop in the cornea within:
2-3 minutes
Y-shaped splits at the corners of lacerations can indicate:
A rectangular implement
According to your reading, what is ethics?
A set of rules that govern conduct of a professional working in a given field
Fingernail impressions tend to make which type of wound?
Abrasion
A 20 year old woman falls from her roof and dies. What is the probable manner of death?
Accident
What term describes when a laboratory has agreed to operate according to a professional or industry standard and has proven that it can and does operate this way?
Accreditation
Who developed DNA profiling?
Alec John Jeffreys
Forensic science should include: * Help distinguish evidence from coincidence without ambiguity * All alternative results *Allow for certainty and probabilistic considerations * Pursue general impressions to the level of specific details *All of these
All of these
Who created anthropometry?
Alphonse Bertillon
Who currently certifies doctors in forensic pathology in the U.S.?
American Board of Pathology
According to your reading, the word "forensics" basically means:
An argument
The system that relies upon 11 body measurements with descriptive information as a method of systematic personal identification is called:
Anthropometry
Bendectin is primarily used by expectant mothers for?
Anti-nausea medication
Private laboratories:
Are businesses designed to make a profit
Mathieu Orfila's favorite substance to study was:
Arsenic
Which historical figure helped developed the system of anthropometry?
Bertillon
Which historical figure was the first forensic scientist in Europe to use fingerprints to solve a case?
Bertillon
The LEGAL definition of a wound is:
Breach of the full thickness of the skin
You are trying to analyze some DNA evidence. Which forensic database should you use?
CODIS
Which historical figure is credited with establishing scientific examination of firearms evidence in the U.S.?
Calvin Goddard
Which scientist investigated the Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929?
Calvin Goddard
Who is credited with establishing scientific examination of firearms in the U.S.?
Calvin Goddard
When a forensic scientist has completed a written test covering his or her discipline and completes proficiency testing to ensure methods and techniques are sound, that scientist is considered:
Certified
What are symptoms of brain death?
Coma Apnea Electrocerebral silences Absent cephalic reflex
What kind of documentation must be followed if any new items of evidence are found?
Consistent with the other documentation
An awareness of how much we do not know and the humility to acknowledge the possibility of making mistakes is known as:
Contrite fallibilism
What term is defined as an accumulation of blood in the tissues outside the blood vessels?
Contusion
Hans Gross wrote which book?
Criminal Investigation
What is the English translation of the first forensic science textbook, published in 1893?
Criminal Investigation
Which text is considered the first forensic science textbook?
Criminal Investigation by Hans Gross
What famous Supreme Court case resulted in the establishment of a nonexclusive checklist for trial courts to use in assessing the reliability of scientific expert testimony?
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals
According to your reading, what is perhaps the single most important task of the crime scene investigator?
Documentation of the crime scene's original condition
Dr. Locard studied under which well-known forensic scientist?
Dr. Bertillon
Which scientist consulted on the Marie Latelle case?
Edmond Locard
Who consulted on the Marie Latelle case?
Edmond Locard
How do coroner's obtain their positions?
Elected
What is a simplified phrase of Locard's Exchange Principle?
Every contact leaves a trace
Associative evidence must be compared to a(n):
Exemplar
What muscles would show rigor first (assume there was no cadaveric spasm)?
Eyelid muscles
Sir Francis Galton wrote which book? * Finger Prints * Criminal Investigation * The Hair of Man and Animals * Every Contact Leaves a Trace * The Washing Away of Wrongs
Finger Prints
The marking left on a bullet after it is fired from a gun are an example of:
Firearm and tool mark evidence
What are usual sites for defensive wounds?
Forearm Palm Back of hand Fingers
Which scientist is responsible for developing the first classification system for fingerprints?
Francis Galton
Who is credited with first using the classic names of whorl, loop, and arch to classify prints?
Galton
What were the scientists responsible for the early discoveries in forensic science considered, due to the fact that they worked in many forensic disciplines?
Generalists
Hydrogen sulfide poisoning leaves what color livor?
Green
What is considered the oldest presumptive test for blood?
Guaiacum
Who coined the term Criminalistics?
Hans Gross
Which of the following are points from Daubert?
Has the technique been peer reviewed? Has the technique been tested under actual field conditions? Has the technique been accepted by the scientific community?
According to your reading, why did Edmond Locard go into forensics?
He read a Study in Scarlet.
Tramline bruising is indicative of:
High velocity impact with a cylindrical solid object
Pharmacology is:
How drugs and poisons interact with the body
____ tests attempt to answer the question "What is it?"
Identification tests
You can most commonly find Blatella germanicae...
In kitchens and bathrooms
Comparison of irregular and random wear patterns in tire and footwear impressions is what type of evidence?
Individual
What references a particular suspect?
Individual characteristic evidence
A primary crime scene:
Is the site of the original or first criminal activity
Which famous case caused forensic photography to become a popular technique?
Jack the Ripper
The acronym NASH is a breakdown of the four what?
Manner of death
Who is considered the Father of Forensic Toxicology?
Mathieu Orfila
What are traumatic deaths classified as?
Mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical
What is a fly strike?
Myiasis
A man is dismembered after death. These are ___ injuries
Postmortem
Victor Balthazard is credited with developing what?
Probability models showing that the likelihood that nay two people would have the same fingerprints is extremely small
What is not something forensic science attempts to do (according to the text)?
Quickly and easily point to the proper suspect
What are roles of physical evidence?
Reconstruct the crime scene and sequence of events Provide evidence to link serial homicide cases Determine whether or not a crime occurred Link an individual with a crime scene
According to the reading, what is the "fundamental job of the forensic scientist"?
Report the facts with bias
What is autolysis?
Self dissolution by body enzymes
The microscopic classification of a crime scene is focused on:
Specific types of physical evidence found in a macroscopic crime scene
The Daubert case was decided by...
Supreme Court
Rule 702 deals with:
Testimony by Experts
What case is documented as the first use of matching physical evidence in modern history?
The Culshaw Case
What is the earliest text of forensic science?
The Washing Away of Wrongs
Anthropometry was disproven by which famous case?
The Will West Case
Which case helped to discredit Bertillonage?
The Will West Case
The definition of entomology is:
The branch zoology dealing with insects
Which of these best describes the phrase "contrite fallibilism"?
The state of understanding the limits of our knowledge and the ability to acknowledge that we're not infallible as scientists
According to your reading, what is the goal of science, broadly speaking?
To improve our understanding of the natural world
What is the primary responsibility of forensic scientists?
To perform scientific analyses and report their results regardless of how the results might help or hurt the agency's case
You are hammering a nail into a wall when you miss and strike the wall itself. What type of evidence did you just leave behind?
Tool mark evidence
A degree day is:
Total degrees of heat above a lower threshold accumulated in 24 hours
What was Edmund Locard's main interest in forensic science?
Trace Evidence
How is an experts qualification to testify established?
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