Exam 1- chapter 1

under the US constitution, the national government lacks

a general police power

A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would

take a hands-off attitude toward the economy

In a globalized world we are sometimes closely tied through trade to former enemies. In 2014-2015, which country supplied nearly one-third of foreign students in American educational institutions?

China

Which political philosopher expressed the sentiment that life in a state of nature would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?"

Thomas Hobbes

Thomas Hobbes's ideal form of government was

a single ruler with unquestioned authority

As derived from John Locke's philosophy, the doctrine of liberalism holds that government should

b. leave citizens free to further their individual pursuits.

In his 2014 State of the Union address, President Obama proposed that the minimum wage

be raised to 10.10

economic system in which production and property are privately owned, with a minimum of government interference.

capitalism

Documents leaked by Edward Snowden showed that the National Security Agency had

collected data on domestic phone conversations of ordinary Americans

Social order is usually defined as

established patterns of authority and traditional modes of behavior

During the 1990s, Congress prohibited private businesses from discriminating in employment, public services, and public accommodations on the basis of physical or mental disabilities. This act creates a clash between

freedom and equality

When the authors say that we live in an era of "globalization," they mean that citizens and nations are increasingly

interdependent

Since the overthrow of its military strongman Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, Libya has experienced

lawlessness

Government can promote social equality through policies other than income redistribution. According to the text, in 2015, the Supreme Court promoted equality when it held that _____ was/were unconstitutional.

laws banning same-sex marriages

The broad, basic definition of government given by the text is

legitimate use of force within specified geographic boundaries to control human behavior

_____are more likely to favor generous government support for education and housing.

liberals

A(n) _____is likely to believe that helping the needy should be a matter of individual choice.

libertarian

According to your text, the difference between libertarianism and John Locke-inspired liberalism is

libertarianism puts a greater emphasis on individual freedom

According to Thomas Hobbes, author of Leviathan, the proper objective of government is to

maintain order

a political entity's externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs.

national soveriegnty

libertarianism is characterized by

opposing all government action except that which protects life and property

Using the state to redistribute income is a policy based on

philosophy of karl marx

each citizen having one vote demonstrates...

political equality

A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government is a(n)

political ideology

Services that benefit all citizens and are not likely to be produced by the voluntary acts of individuals are known as

public goods

A person who favors government ownership of some basic industries and a strong government role in directing the economy would best be labeled a(n)

socialist

National _____ means that each national government is given the right to govern its own people as it wishes and no other nation can interfere with that.

sovereignty

The broad, basic definition of politics given by the text is

the authoritative allocation of values for a society

The government's role in redistributing income to promote economic equality has been a major source of debate in the United States ever since

the great depression

anarchism is the opposite of..

totalitarianism

equality of opportunity

when one person has the same chance to succeed in life as another (ex: American public schools being open to all)