Exam 1: Chapter 6

Two subtypes of explicit memory are episodic memory and ________ memory

Semantic

The two main components of long-term memory ______ memory, which consist of our semantic and episodic memories, and _______ memory, which consists of our procedural memories, classical conditioning, and priming.

Explicit; Declarative

The two main components of long-term memory are ______ memory, which consist of our semantic and episodic memories, and ______ memory, which consists of our procedural memories, classical conditioning, and priming.

Explicit; implicit

Encoding failure occurs when the information was

never entered into long-term memory

Memory is defined as the

the retention of information or experience over time

Which of the following are some types of explicit memory?

-Episodic memory -Semantic memory

Which of the following are recommended for organizing for memory processes?

-Review notes that you are preparing to memorize. -Organize the material in a way that will allow you to memorize. -Experiment with different organizational techniques.

Which of the following are functions of autobiographical memory?

-Sharing personal experience creates social bonds. -It allows us to learn from our experiences. -It provides us with identity.

Uncle Charlie loves to tell family stories. His nephews observe that these stories evolve over time, but they enjoyed hearing them, because Charlie is a great storyteller. This is an example of memory fosters intimacy and creates social bonds.

Autobiographical

Dr. Marsh has her general psychology class go through an exercise in which they look at a group of objects an attempt to remember them. Then she has the class look at another group of objects and create a story involving them. The class find the second group easier to remember because of.

Elaboration

When _______ is extensive, the person has attempted to make the to-be remembered information meaningful, and has engaged in detailed processing.

Elaboration

According to connectionism, memories are best described as

Electrical impulses

According to the concept of levels of processing, the process of _______ involves three levels.

Encoding

Ari is watching a movie. Which initial memory process is Ari using?

Encoding

In the context of the subtypes of explicit memory, ______ memory is the retention of information about the where, when, and what of life's happenings.

Episodic

______ (Alzheimer/Parkinson) disease is a progressive irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by gradual deterioration of a memory, reasoning, language, and eventually physical functioning.

Alzheimer's

______ attention involves concentrating on more than one task or activity at a time.

Divided

Concentrating on more than one activity at a time is called

Divided attention

The initial recording of information into memory is called ______.

Encoding

Autobiographical memory is a special form of _____ memory.

Episodic

Hazel vividly remember is her first week in college. This is an example of _______ memory.

Episodic

Hermann Ebbinghaus what is the first person to conduct scientific research on.

Forgetting

In order to remember the way to the library, Kareem created a mental picture of all of the things he sees on his usual route Kareem years, mental ________ to remember the necessary route.

Imagery

When Don was an undergraduate many years ago, his physics, professor shot of flaming arrow cross the lecture hall to illustrate a physics theory. Dan vividly remember the theory today. This is an example of the fact of.

Imagery

If a researcher activate information and participants mines in the activation, hubs, participants remember new information more effectively later we would say that the researcher used ______, a type of implicit memory, to improve participant performance.

Priming

Angel hasn't written a bicycle for five years; yet when he hops on, he finds he can still ride. This illustrates ______ memory.

Procedural

Skyler lived in a foreign country for over a year and she didn't drive a car during that time. When she came back to the United States, she found it effortless to drive, her car. Her ability to remember how to drive is an example of ______ memory.

Procedural

The type of implicit memory that involves a memory for skills is referred to as _______ memory.

Procedural

In terms of how we engage with information, we are trying to remember, the continuum from shallow, to intermediate, to deep, where deeper levels produce better memory, it's called levels of

Processing

______ is a memory task in which the person has to retrieve previously learned information; ______ is a memory task in which the person has to identify learned items.

Recall; Recognition

Which of the following is the memory process by which information held in memory is brought out of storage?

Retrieval

______ is the memory process by which information retained in memory is brought out of storage that is when we recall remember something.

Retrieval

A(n) _____ (schema/stimulus) is a pre-existing mental framework that helps people to organize and interpret information.

Schema

Toddler, Christine loves to play restaurant. She knows the whole routine find a restaurant, be seated, look at menus, order food, eat food, pay, and leave. The best term for this is a(n) _______, which is a schema for an event.

Script

______ memory is a type of explicit memory that includes your areas of expertise, general academic knowledge, and every day knowledge about the meanings of words in common things.

Semantic

______ memory holds information from the world and its original form for only an instant not much longer than a brief time it is exposed to the visual, auditory, and other senses.

Sensory

The ______ position effect refers to the tendency to recall the items at the beginning, and end of a list better than the items in the middle.

Serial

You are driving down the highway and see a billboard with a phone number on it. You tell yourself to remember it, but after you drive a little farther, you find you've forgotten it. This describes a limitations of ______-_______ memory.

Short-term

______ memory is a limited-capacity memory system in which information is usually return for only as long as 30 seconds unless strategies are used to return it longer.

Short-term

Which of the following describes implicit memory?

The unconscious recollection of how to do something

Dr. Quincy loves to have students in her abnormal psychology class work with case studies and reflect upon diagnostic questions instead of reading and studying material. This is because Dr. Quincy is familiar with the research on memory and understands that.

memory of material is better when we think deeply and connect new information with information we already have

_____ attention involves concentrating on more than one task or activity at a time.

Divided

The memory of your grandmother's name is not just represented in a single spot in the brain, but involves activities spread out over a vest net work of neural links connected to numerous nodes. This is an example of.

Connectionism

_______ is the theory that memory stored throughout the brain and connections among neurons.

Connectionism

______ theory states that the passage of time always increases forgetting.

Decay

Explicit memory is the conscious recollection of information and is sometimes also referred to as ______ memory.

Declarative

A relatively permanent type of memory that stores huge amount of information is ______ memory.

Long-term

______ is defined as the retention of information or experience overtime.

Memory

Before using memory processes, you must first ______ the information you were about to study.

Organize

Long-term memory is a ______ type of memory that stores huge amounts of information.

Permanent

Information must be encoded ______ in order to be retrieved later.

Stored

Explicit memory is

The conscious recollection of specific facts about an event or situation

Explicit memory has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and why? True or false

True