Exam 1 Intro to Psy

What is the mean of the following set of numbers: 10, 15, 20, 35, and 55?

27

Which is the following is NOT a basic process of the scientific method? A. Observing B. Creating C. Interpreting D. Testing

B. Creating

____ can be best defined as the study of the links among brain, mind, and behavior.

Behavioral neuroscience

___ can be best defined as the study of the relationship between bodily systems and chemicals and their relationship to behavior and thought.

Biological psychology

In research analysis and reports, data are never directly aligned with an individual respondent, thereby protecting his or her identity. Thus, ____ is maintained.

Confidentiality

___ is the study of how we perceive information, how we learn and remember, how we acquire and use language, and how we solve problems.

Educational Psychology

___ are the rules governing the conduct of a person or group in general or in a specific situation and are also regarded as standards of right and wrong.

Ethics

___ entails collecting observations, or data, from the real world and evaluating whether those data support our ideas or not.

Hypothesis

Psyche, the root word of "psychology", comes from the Greek word for ____.

Mind

____ are the cells that process and transmit information through throughout the nervous system.

Neurons

IN the ____ and _____ stages of the scientific method, researchers express their expectations as a theory.

Observations; prediction

Which of the following is the first basic process of the scientific method?

Observe

Psychology is most accurately defined as the ____.

Scientific study of thought and behavior

___ can be best defined as they study of how the real or imagined presence of others influences thought, feeling, and behavior.

Social Psychology

Who is considered the founder of American psychology?

William James

in terms of the nature-nurture debate, psychologists' contemporary view is that human behavior is:

a product of the interdependence between biology and experience

The __ is known as the master gland of the body.

adrenal gland

A(n) ___ can be defined as a study design in which a psychologist, often a therapist, observes one person over a long period of time.

case study

The ____ is the part of the nervous system that comprises the brain and spinal cord.

central nervous system

The ____ serves the involuntary system of the body, such as the internal organs and glands.

central nervous system

James has received training in medicine and has an MD degree; in addition to offering therapy he can prescribe drugs. Based on this information, it can be concluded that James is a:

clinical psychologist

_____ can diagnose disorders of technology use but also use the same technologies to help treat people with various knds of disorders.

clinical psychologists

The last process of the scientific method is to

communicate

___ psychologists treat and assess relatively healthy people and assist them with career and vocational interest,

counseling

Which of the following types of psychologists is most likely to conduct a research on how reasoning skills or emotional skills change with age?

developmental psychologist

in the ___ system, glands secrete chemicals called hormones, which travel through the bloodstream to tissues and organs all over the body and regulate body functions.

endocrine

__ psychology is a blend of psychology, law, and criminal justice.

forensic

children and teenagers act more impulsively than adults partially because their __ are not fully developed.

frontal lobes

the ____ regulates almost all of our major drives and motives, including hunger, thirst, temperature, and sexual behavior.

hypothalamus

A ____ is a specific, informed, and testable prediction of what kind of outcome should occur under a particular condition.

hypothesis

When the central tenet of knowing is not what people think and believe, but rather how nature behaves, then we must accept the data and follow them wherever they take us. This attitude is known as

intellectual honesty

In the fourth step of the scientific method, scientists use mathematical techniques to___ the results and determine whether they are significant and whether they closely fit the prediction.

interpret

Replication of a study is important to:

interpret the results of a study

the___ structures are important in emotion and motivation.

limbic system

The _____ is the arithmetic average of a series of numbers.

mean

The ___ is the middle score, which separates the lower half of scores from the upper half.

median

The ___ is the statistic that represents the most commonly occurring score or value.

mode

Chan Lee, an Asian primatologist, studied different groups of gorillas over a period of 18 years. She studied them daily in the subtropical forests of Africa to understand their mating and reproductive habits. Based on her observations, Chan found that male gorillas are ready to mate when they are 15 years of age. In this scenario, descriptive method of research used by Chan can be best termed as a(n) ___________.

naturalistic observation

The following is an excerpt from an in-depth paper Dr. Smith, a therapist, wrote about her client: "Irene experienced the loss of her parents at an early age. She is now 36, divorced, and has two children. Irene has difficulty maintaining steady employment. Eight months ago, she was diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Irene is responding well to an experimental antidepressant and to cognitive behavioral therapy. She has a hopeful prognosis." This research method can be best termed as a(n)

naturalistic observation

Alisha believes that human behavior is solely the result of genetic coding. her point of view is referred to as the _____ view.

nature-only

Information is transmitting between neurons by means of chemicals called _____.

neurotransmitters

the ___ play an important role in the sensation and perception of touch.

occipital lobes

According to Carl Sagan, ____ is the second attitude of science.

open skepticism

Few of the patients undergoing treatment for phobic disorder agree to participate in a clinical trial of a new antidepressant medication. The patients are randomly divided into two groups. Both groups receive pills to be taken on a daily basis, but only one of the groups receives pills with the newly produced active ingredients. The other group's pills contain no active ingredients. In this study, the pills that do not contain any active ingredients are said to be __________.

placebos

_____ refers t practices that appear to be and claim to be science, but in fact do not use the scientific method to come to their conclusion

pseudoscience

According to the author, the first attitude of science is ____.

questioning skepticism

In which of the following does each participant have an equal chance of being placed in each group?

random assignments

A subset of a population is called a

sample

____ plays a role in dreaming and in controlling emotional states such as anger, anxiety, and depression.

serotonin

Cognitive science focuses on the scientific study of _____________.

thought