Exam 1 Nutrition

part of grain containing most of the starch

endosperm

organ that secretes bile into intestines

gallbladder

daily values on food labels are based on a: a) 1500-kcalorie diet b) 2000-kcalorie diet c) 3000-kcalorie diet d) 2500-kcalorie diet

b) 2000-kcalorie diet

part of the grain richest in fiber

bran

the nutrient claim "reduced kcalorie" is defined as having at least _____ percent fewer kcal than comparison food a) 50 b) 10 c) 25 d) 75

c) 25

separates colon from the small intestine

ileocecal valve

what portion on the plate should the protein group make up? a) 25% b) 33% c) 50% d) 75%

a) 25%

on the exchange system, one serving vegetables contains how many grams of carbohydrates? a) 12 b) 15 c) 10 d) 5

d) 5

the pancreas neutralizes stomach acid in the small intestine by secreting? a) bile b) mucus c) enzymes d) bicarbonate

d) bicarbonate

organ that makes bile

liver

on the exchange system, one cup of milk contains ______ grams of carbohydrates a) 8 b) 12 c) 5 d) 15

b) 12

according to most dietary guidelines, what percentage of the day's total energy intake should be furnished by fat? a) 10-15 b) 20-35 c) 55-60 d) 0-10

b) 20-35

what is the kcalorie value of a meal supplying 50 g of carbohydrates, 15 g of protein, 30 g of fat? a) 780 b) 530 c) 905 d) 605

b) 530

there are ______ classes of nutrients a) 4 b) 6 c) 3 d) 2

b) 6

a person having to take antibiotics for an extended period of time could develop a deficiency in which vitamin a) D b) K c) C d) A

b) K

which of the following is characteristic of an essential nutrient? a) cannot be found in food b) cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body c) cannot be degraded by the body d) cannot be used to synthesize other compounds in the body

b) cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body

Finish or complete the missing step: the order of digestion: mouth -> esophagus -> stomach -> ________ -> jejunum -> ileum -> large intestine a) liver b) duodenum c) pancreas d) gallbladder

b) duodenum

the process by which bile acts on fats so enzymes can attack the fat is known as: a) condensation b) emulsification c) enzymification d) none of the above

b) emulsification

studies which OBSERVE how much and what kinds of food a group of people eat and how healthy those people are... shows association a) lab based and animal studies b) epidemiological studies c) case-control studies d) human intervention or clinical trials

b) epidemiological studies

the New Food Label will not have any changes to what is a serving size. a) true b) false

b) false

the grain group is a great source of vitamin B12 a) true b) false

b) false

which of the following is used to determine the presence of abnormal functions INSIDE the body due to a nutrient deficiency? a) diet history b) laboratory tests c) body weight loss d) physical examination

b) laboratory tests

in label reading a GOOD SOURCE means the product provides: a) 10-19% of daily value per serving b) 25% or more of daily value per serving c) 50% of RDA for that nutrient/serving d) any of the above

a) 10-19% of daily value per serving

which of the following represents the usual sequence of stages in the development of a nutrient deficiency from inadequate intake? a) declining nutrient stores, abnormal functions within the body and overt signs b) abnormal functions within the body, declining nutrient stores, and overt signs c) abnormal functions within the body, overt signs, and declining nutrient stores d) declining nutrient stores, overt signs, and abnormal functions within the body

a) declining nutrient stores, abnormal functions within the body and overt signs

________ is the condition in which there are bulges or outpourings in the walls of the colon a) diverticulosis b) hemorrhoid c) colitis d) cancer

a) diverticulitis

in the exchange system, each portion of food on any given list provides about the same amount of: a) energy b) satiety c) vitamins d) minerals

a) energy

gram for gram which of the following provides the most energy? a) fats b) proteins c) carbohydrates

a) fats

when nutrients are transported from the intestinal epithelial cells to the vascular/ circulatory system, what organ is first to receive them? a) liver b) heart c) lungs d) pancreas

a) liver

high in vitamin c, listed in a food label, indicates that: a) one serving provides > 20% daily value b) one serving provides >15% daily value c) one serving provides >30% daily value d) none of the above

a) one serving provides > 20% daily value

tobacco is the greatest contribution to deaths in the United States? a) true b) false

a) true

What is the meaning of a double-blind experiment? a) both subject groups take turns getting each treatment b) neither subjects nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or the experiment group c) neither group of subjects knows whether they are in the control experiment group but the researchers know d) both subject groups know whether they are in the control or experiment group but the researchers do not know

b) neither subjects nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or the experiment group

which of the following is an example of a micronutrient? a) fat b) protein c) Vitamin C d) carbohydrate

b) protein

what type of deficiency is caused by an inadequate absorption of a nutrient? a) primary b) secondary c) neither

b) secondary

partially digested food in the stomach

chyme

Given the following list of foods. All equal to one exchange of starch. 1/2 of english muffin 1/4 of bagel small baked potato 1/2 cup of cooked pasta 1 dinner roll 6 saltine crackers 3 graham crackers 1 slice of bread 1/2 cup of cooked corn Joe Smith has been taught the exchange system. He is allowed to have 5 starch exchanges (using the above list). a) 2 dinner rolls, 6 graham crackers b) 1 cup of cooked corn, small baked potato, 1 cup of cooked pasta c) 1/2 cup of cooked pasta, 1 slice of bread d) 1 1/2 cups of cooked corn, 2 cups of cooked pasta

d) 1 1/2 cups of cooked corn, 2 cups of cooked pasta

Given the following list of foods. All equal to one exchange of starch. 1/2 of english muffin 1/4 of bagel small baked potato 1/2 cup of cooked pasta 1 dinner roll 6 saltine crackers 3 graham crackers 1 slice of bread 1/2 cup of cooked corn Using the above list: Joe wants to have a hot meal at lunch and is allowed 3 starches. Which of the following shows 3 starches in a hot meal? a) 2 slices of bread, 1/2 cup of cooked corn b) 1 cup of cooked corn, 1 small baked potato c) 1 1/2 cups of cooked corn d) all of the above

d) all of the above

the energy yielding nutrients are: a) fats, minerals, and water b) minerals, proteins and vitamins c) carbohydrates, fats and vitamins d) carbohydrates, fats and proteins

d) carbohydrates, fats and proteins

An empty-kcalorie or high energy density food is one that contains: a) no calories b) an abundance of vitamins but little or no minerals c) an abundance of minerals but little or no vitamins d) excess energy and little or no protein, vitamins or minerals

d) excess energy and little or no protein, vitamins or minerals

which nutrients leave the GI tract by way of the lymphatic system? a) water and minerals b) proteins and minerals c) all vitamins and minerals d) fats and fat-soluble vitamins

d) fats and fat-soluble vitamins

the claim "very low sodium" means: a) fewer than 1400 mg sodium per serving b) fewer than 140 mg sodium per serving c) fewer than 75 mg sodium per serving d) fewer than 35 mg of sodium per serving

d) fewer than 35 mg of sodium per serving

the new food label will be required to give the nutrient information on the following Vitamins/Minerals: iron, calcium, vitamin D and _______? a) vitamin A b) vitamin C c) zinc d) potassium

d) potassium

nutrient density refers to foods that: a) carry the USDA nutrition labeling b) contain a mixture of fat, carbohydrate and protein c) are higher in weight relative to volume d) provide more nutrients relative to calories

d) provide more nutrients relative to calories

What is the purpose/goal of Healthy People 2020: a) establish the DRI b) identify national trends in food consumption c) identify leading causes of death in the United States? d) set goals for the nation's health over a 10 year period

d) set goals for the nation's health over a 10 year period

Which of the following brands has the highest fiber content? a) white b) refined c) enriched d) whole-grain

d) whole-grain

major producer for enzymes

pancreas

separates the stomach from the small intestine

pyloric valve

major site for digestion

small intestine

makes hydrochloric acid

stomach

what is the upper range of fat intake in the ADMR a) 20 b) 25 c) 35 d) 50

c) 35

which of the following figures falls within the carbohydrate range of the ADMR? a) 35 b) 70 c) 50 d) 90

c) 50

a food label ingredient list reads: wheat flour, vegetable shortening, sugar, salt and cornstarch. What item would be found in the LOWEST amount in the food? a) salt b) sugar c) cornstarch d) wheat flour

c) cornstarch

the RDAs (Recommended Dietary Allowance) for nutrients are generally: a) more than twice as high as anyone needs b) the minimum amounts that average people need c) designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people d) designed to prevent deficiency disease in half the population

c) designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people

on the exchange system, which two groups do not contain carbohydrates? a) dairy and fruit b) vegetables and fruit c) fats and meats d) meats and vegetables

c) fats and meats

The inorganic nutrients are: a) proteins and fats b) vitamins and minerals c) minerals and water d) vitamins and proteins

c) minerals and water

pancreatic juice contains enzymes that act on ________ a) proteins and fats only b) fats only c) proteins, carbohydrates and fats d) proteins only

c) proteins, carbohydrates and fats

for the most part, all of the following are advantages of vegetarian diets EXCEPT: a) fat intake is lower b) fiber intake is higher c) vitamin B12 intake is higher d) intakes of vitamins a and c are higher

c) vitamin B12 intake is higher

the protein group is high in all of the following EXCEPT? a) zinc b) iron c) Vitamin K d) niacin

c) vitamin K