exam 2 chapters 5-8

What ABO antibody is expected in this patient serum based on the following information? PRC: anti-A: 0 anti-B: 0

anti-A and anti-B

Which set of antibodies could you possibly find in a patient with no history of transfusion or pregnancy?

anti-B,anti-I, and anti-Lea

Which of the following antibodies is neautralized by pooled human urine?

anti-Ch

A multiple antibody problem was resolved using enzymes. Panel cell reactions were eliminated for antibody specificity after testing with enzyme-treated red cells, which of the following antibodies was probably present? a. anti-c b. anti-I c. anti-Jka d. anti-Fya

anti-Fya

Which of the following antibodies is commonly associated with delayed transfusion reactions? a. anti-Lua b. anti-S c. anti-Jkb d. anti-M

anti-Jkb

Which of the following antibodies is characteristically clinically insignificant? a. anti- Kpb b. anti- S c. anti-Leb d. anti-Fya

anti-Leb

Enzyme-treated reagent red cells used in antibody identification can enhance antibody reactions. which of the following antibodies is not enhanced with the use of enzyme-treated red cells?

anti-M

An antibody reacted in the screen at 37C and did not react at the AHG phase. Which of the following antibodies would you suspect? a. anti-S b. anti-e c. anti-N d. anti- Jka

anti-N

The red cells of a donor have a U-negative phenotype. What red cell antibody would not react with these red cells?

anti-S

What alloantibody is associated with individuals possessing the p phenotype?

anti-Tja

Which of the following antibodies requires the anti-globulin test for in vitro detection? a. anti-M b. anti-P1 c. anti-U d. anti-I

anti-U

Which of the following antibodies may not be detected in the antibody screen?

anti-V

Select a characteristic of HTLA antibodies. a. typically react at room temperature b. can be enhanced with PEG c. are usually clinically insignificant d. are associated with HDFN

are usually clinically insignificant

What is the name of the procedure that removes antibody from serum or plasma using the individual's own red cells?

autoabsorption

What statement is true regarding a phenotype of Lu(a-b-) a. rare in whites but not blacks b. rare in blacks but not whites c. rare in all populations d. common

rare in all populations

Which of the following is associated with the Rhnull phenotype? a. elevated D antigen expression b. increased LW antigen expression c. the Bombay phenotype d. red cell membrane abnormalities

red cell membrane abnormalities

What term describes a poor platelet response to transfused platelets due to te presence of HLA platelet antibodies?

refractory

The regulator gene RHAG is:

responsible for the Rhmod phenotype

Which of the following phenotypes would react with anti-f? a. rr b. R1R1 c. R2R2 d. R1R2

rr

Which of the following red cell genotypes would react negatively with anti-G? a. R0r b. rr c. R2r d. r'r

rr

What procedure helps distinguish betweeen an anti-Fya and anti-Jka in an antibody mixture?

testing ficin-treated panel cells

What test is needed to determine weak D antigen status?

the IAT

What is the definition of an antibody demonstrating dosage?

homozygous red cells were stronger

What is the common form of antibodies produced upon exposure to Rh blood group system antigens?

immune IgG

What would the DAT results demonstrate if the test was performed on a clotted sample stored at 4C?

in vitro complement attachment

which statement is a characteristic associated with anti-I? a. it has weaker reactions with stored blood b. it can be neutralized with commercially prepared substance c. it reacts best at 37C d. it does not react with cord blood cells

it does not react with cord blood cells

Which of the following blood groups systems is associated with a depression of the antigens in chronic granulomatous disease? a. duffy b. kidd c. p d. kell

kell

Anti-D was detected in the serum of a D-positive person. What is a possible explanation?

missing antigen epitope

Which result is discrepant if the red cell typing shown in the following chart is correct? PRC: anti-A: 0 anti-B: 4+ PSwRRC: A1:0 B:0

negative reaction with group A1 cells

An individual has the genotype of AO,hh. What antigens would be present on the red cells of this individual?

none of the above

What ABO phenotypes would be compatible if the patient required a transfusion of RBCs: patient red cells: Anti-A: 0 Anti-B: 0 patient serum with reagent red cells: A1: 4+ B: 4+

only group O

What soluble antigen forms are detectable in saliva based on the following genotype: AB,HH,SeSe?

A, B, and H

Which p-value is achieved in antibody identification with the rule of three?

0.05

What is the likelihood that heterozygous D-positive parents will have a D negative child?

25%

Anti-N is identified in a white patient who requries a blood transfusion. If 10 donor RBC's were tested, how mkany of these units would most likely be negative for the N antigen?

3

which of the following statements is true about ABO antibody production? a. ABO antibodies are present in newborns b. ABO titers remain at constant levels throughout life c. ABO antibodies are stimulated by bacteria and other environmental factors d. All of these statements are true

ABO antibodies are stimulated by bacteria and other environmental factors.

Which of the following cells expresses HLA class II antigens? a. B cells b. platelets c. erythrocytes d. T cells

B cells

What immunodominant sugar confers B blood group specificity?

D-galactose

A donor tested D-negative using a commercial anti-D reagent. The weak D test was positive. How should the RBC unit be labled?

D-positive

Which of the following HLA antigens is not characterized as class I? a. C b. A c. DR d. B

DR

Which of the following reagents destroys the Kell system antigens? a. ficin b. albumin c. PEG d. DTT

DTT

Which offspring is not possible from a mother who is R2r and a father who is R1r?

DcE/DcE

Given the following ABO typing results, what is the potential conclusion for these results? patient red cells: Anti-A:4+ Anti-B4+ patient serum with Reagent Red cells: A1: 1+ B: 0

Discrepant results; patient has A antigen on red cells with anti-A in serum

Which lectin agglutinates A1 red cells?

Dolichos biflorus

Which phenotype is associated with a resistance to plasmodium vivax?

Fy(a-b-)

The mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) is an older technique in the HLA laboratory used to determine:

HLA-D antigens and compatibility

What is the common specificity of cold autoantibodies?

I

Why are additional procedures required when working up a warm autoantibody?

Identify potential underlying alloantibodies

What immunoglobulin class is primarily associated with ABO antibodies?

IgM

Which of the following situations may produce ABO discrepancies in the serum testing? a. newborn b. patient with hypogammaglobulinemia c. cold alloantibody d. all of the above

all of the above

which blood group system possesses the Jsb and Kpa antigens?

Kell

Reagent antibody screening cells may not detect antibodies directed against low incidence antigens. Which antibody is most likely to go undetected?

Kpa

What immunodominant sugar determines the specificity of H antigens?

L-fucose

What is the name of the blood group system that was originally identified as the Rh blood group system?

LW

What is the most likely Lewis phenotype of a nonsecretor?

Le(a+b-)

Select the alleles within the Lewis system. a. Le,le b.Lea,Leb c. Le, Se, h d. Le, Le

Le, le

Which of the following antigens is poorly expressed on cord blood cells? a. K b. M c. Leb d. D

Leb

Which blood group system's antigens are associated with glycophorin A and glycophorin B?

MNS

Put the ABO phenotypes in order form most frequent to least frequent, that occur in whites:

O,A,B,AB

A donor is tested with Rh antisera; given the following results, what is the most probably Rh genotype? Rh antisera: Donor RBC reaction: anti-D + anti-C + anti-E 0 anti-c + anti-e + Rh control 0

R1r

An antibody to the E antigen was identified in a patient who received multiple transfusions. What is the most likely phenotype of the patient's red cells?

R1r

Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous for the C antigen? a. R1r b. R2R2 c. R1R1 d. r'r'

R1r

Which of the following genotypes could make anti-Ce (Rh7) a. rr b. R1R1 c. R2R2 d. R1R2

R2R2

how is the Rh genotype CDE/cDE written in Wiener notation?

RzR2

What gene controls the presence of soluble H substance in saliva?

Se

Which ABO discrepancy is the best explanation for the results shown in the following chart: PRC: anti-A:4+ anti-B:0 PSwRRC: A1:2+ B4+

Subgroup of A

DTT is useful in evaluating a sample when which antibody is suspected? anti-jsb anti-kpb anti-k all of the above antibodies

all of the above antibodies

which of the following red cell phenotypes is associated with the Mcleod phenotype?

absence of Kx antigens

What statement is true relative to anti-K? a. agglutinates in IAT phases of the antibody screen b. is usually of the IgM antibody screen c. does not agglutinate with K+k+ panel cells d. loses reactivity in enzyme phases

agglutinates in IAT phases of the antibody screen

How do patients become sensitized to HLA antigens? a. pregnancies b. blood transfusions c. previous transplants d. all of the above

all of the above

A patient's Rh phenotype was D+,c+,e+,C-,E-. What is the most likely race of this donor?

black

According to Landsteiner's rule, if a patient has no ABO antibodies after serum testing, what ABO antigens are present on the patient's red cells?

both A and B

In rosenfield notation, the phenotype of a donor may be written as Rh:1,-2,-3,4,5. What is the correct phenotype in Fisher-Race (CDE) notation?

cDe

Select the disease commonly associated with the McLeod phenotype. a. infections mononucleosis b. chronic granulomatous disease c. Hodgkin disease d. PCH

chronic granulomatous disease

Anti-f was identified in a patient. Because commercial antisera are not available, what is the best course of action to locate compatible RBC units?

crossmatch c-negative units

Which of these antibodies are typically IgM: you can select more than one answer: a. anti-K b. anti- S c. anti- U d. anti- N e. anti- Leb f. anti-Jkb g. anti- P1

d, c, and g

What is the purpose of the antibody screen?

detects most clinically significant antibodies

What is the name of the procedure that removes intact antibodies from the red cell membranes?

elution

What term describes using known sources of reagent antisera (known antibodies) to detect ABO antigens on a patient's red cells?

forward grouping

what ABO phenotypes would be compatible if the patient required a transfusion of fresh frozen plasma? patient red cells: Anti-A: 0 Anti-B: 0 patient serum with reagent red cells: A1: 4+ B: 4+

group AB, O, A, B

What is the ABO interpretation? patient red cells: Anti-A: 0 Anti-B: 0 patient serum with reagent red cells: A1: 4+ B: 4+

group O

The neutralization technique was performed on a sample containing an anti-Leb. The control and the Lewis-neutralized sera were both negative when retested with panel cells. How would you interpret the results of this test?

the sample was probably diluted

What are the gene products of the A and B genes?

transferase enzymes

What statement is true relative to the results of a weak D test performed on a patient with a positive DAT? a. accurate as long as the check cells were positive b. unreliable because of immunoglobulins already on the cell c. reliable if a high-albumin anti-D was used d. false-negative because of antibody neutralization

unreliable because of immunoglobulins already on the cell

What is the period when no antigen typing should be performed on a patient's red cells after transfusion?

up to 3 months