exam 2
What are honor killings?
Murder condoned by the genealogical group in order to retaliate for shame of unapproved sexual activity
In what country do we find aboriginal Maori people?
New Zealand
Mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome studies of the Maori indicate that their creation myth telling of their origins from the ancient place of Hawaiki is consistent with an origin in
Polynesia and Southeast Asia Region
When the economy is based on _____ and when the man does most of the productive work, the bride's people may give a dowry that protects the woman against desertion. Dowry is also a statement of her economic status.
agriculture
The Kula ring is a form of _____ that reinforces trade relations among a group of seafaring Melanesians inhabiting a ring of islands off the eastern coast of Papua New Guinea.
balanced reciprocity
According to Harris (Life without Chiefs), hunter/gatherers lack leaders with formal authority because
band members are not economically dependent on any one person in such societies.
The period of time that a groom spends in service to the bride's family as a form of economic exchange for marriage is called
bride service
Which of the following characteristics would be most important in an Indian family's selection of a bride for their son?
character
Which of the following statements about clans and lineages is CORRECT?
clan members are unable to trace exact genealogical links to their common ancestor, whereas lineages are able.
According to McCurdy in "Family and Kinship in Village India," the term patrilineage refers to
closely related men who are all descended from a known ancestor.
The display of wealth for social prestige is called
conspicuous consumption
Anthropologist Amanda Stronza studied ecotourism in northern Bolivia. The local indigenous leaders saw all of the following benefits in local ecotourism except:
desire to leave behind local cultural traditions and become more "Western."
What do we call a system in which goods are produced, distributed, and consumed?
economic
Which one of the following is NOT true about Tibetan polyandry ("Polyandry: When Brothers Take a Wife")? Polyandry _____.
eliminates sexual compition between brothers
The woman-woman marriage custom found in sub-Saharan Africa is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
enables woman to engage in sexual activities with each other
When a society proscribes sexual relations among those it considers too closely related, these are rules of
exogamy
What type of family is typically found among traditional horticultural, agricultural, and pastoral societies around the world?
extended
According to McCurdy in "Family and Kinship in Village India,"
extended kinship systems are especially well suited to the organization of holding land in agrarian societies.
According to Cronk in "Reciprocity and the Power of Giving," the phrase "Indian giver" arose because North American Indians misunderstood European customs and wanted gifts they gave to colonists to be returned promptly and with interest.
false
Goldstein believes that Tibetan polyandry is a response to high rates of female infanticide.
false
Harris (Life without Chiefs) notes that big men, because of their position as redistributors, tend to amass more wealth and live in more comfort than other people in their societies.
false
in "Reciprocity and the Power of Giving," Cronk reports that no matter how little he gave his Mukogodo informants while he was doing fieldwork, they always seemed grateful, which led to a warmer, more trusting relationship demonstrating the positive power of giving.
false
Marriage by proxy, such as that which might occur with a prisoner, a dead partner for inheritance reasons, or between those separated by deployment, is called
fictive marriage
According to Cronk in "Reciprocity and the Power of Giving," the Kwakiutl potlatch is a good example of a way to
fight or flatten social rivals
A totem is all of the following EXCEPT:
found in all societies that have lineages.
When an Australian hunter gives away most of his meat to relatives without specifying what is expected in return, he is exemplifying
generalized reciprocity
The author uses the Nayar of southwest India to illustrate that rules about sexual access can be highly variable. Nayar women
go through stages of sexual access
The custom of polyandry may end among Tibetans ("Polyandry: When Brothers Take a Wife") living in Nepal because
government opposition and new economic oppurtunities
The French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss says that the incest taboo is universal because humans
have learned to establish alliances with strangers and thereby share and develop culture.
Cooperative work groups are found
in all societies nationwide
Regarding cousin marriage, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
in the U.S., some states have no laws prohibiting marriage between relatives.
Balanced reciprocity
involves the expectation of a specific and immediate exchange.
All of the following statements regarding a lineage are correct EXCEPT:
it always involves a totem
A network of relatives within which individuals possess certain mutual rights and obligations is called
kinship
The concept that by obligation wealthier members of the community give to less wealthy members so that no one accumulates more wealth than anyone else is called
leveling mechanism
Something used to make payments for other goods and services as well as to measure their value is called
money
Which of the following statements is correct?
once harvested yams are not used to eat
In Tibet, a young man lives with his older brother, who is married. The younger brother eventually begins to think about setting up his own tent and taking his share of the yak and fields of grass. One night, his brother's wife gives him her necklace. In Tibetan culture, this is an invitation for him to become her second husband. If he accepts, he will remain with his brother and share the same tent. This type of marriage is called
polyandry
Although all societies have some kind of incest taboo, the relationship which is considered incestuous may vary. Concepts of incest seem to be related to a group's definitions of endogamy and exogamy, thus suggesting that incest taboos may help to promote:
stability of the family
From an economist's point of view, "market exchange" is defined by
the buying and selling of goods and services whose value is determined by supply and demand.
According to McCurdy in "Family and Kinship in Village India," which is the most important structural tension associated with marriage in Bhil society?
the shifting of a woman's loyalty, labor, and reproductive potential from her family to her husband's family.
All of the following statements about Han genealogy are correct except:
the tsu is a corporate kin group that traces its ancestry back about five generations through the female line.
According to Harris (Life without Chiefs), the hierarchy and leaders with authority arise in human society as a result of culture, especially economic factors and group size, not biological inheritance.
true
In "Reciprocity and the Power of Giving," Cronk argues that gift giving is an important way for people to initiate and maintain relationships in every society.
true
When kinship membership is traced either through males or through females but not both, it is called
unilineal
All of the following statements about sexual behavior among the Trobrianders is correct EXCEPT:
when the couple is ready to be married, they appear outside the woman's household.
A typical Ju/'hoansi band requires about how many square miles of land?
250
In which of the following circumstances would you expect to find the custom of bride price (or bridewealth)?
A bride and groom go to live with the groom's people
Because Nayar women live with their dependent offspring and their brothers, they are considered what type of family?
Consanguineal
Through what practice do lineages develop new alliances within the larger social system?
Exogamy
A boy is born into a society that practices matrilineal descent. The person who exercises authority over him is
His mothers brother