Exam 2 Med Surg/Acute Care

As the patient prepares to discharge a client with a peptic ulcer. The client asks how one acquires this disease. Which response by the nurse is correct? Select all that apply. A. "Decreased mobility can cause this." B. "Lying flat after meals can cause this." C. "H. pylori infection can cause this." D. "Eating large meals can cause this." E."Frequent use of NSAIDs can cause this." Feedback

"Frequent use of NSAIDs can cause this.", "H. pylori infection can cause this."

A client who has just been diagnosed with hepatitis A asks, "How did I get this disease?" What is the nurse's best response? Select one: a. "You may have gotten this from prolonged alcohol abuse." b. "You must have received an infected blood transfusion." c. "You may have eaten contaminated restaurant food." d. "You could have gotten it from using IV drugs."

"You may have eaten contaminated restaurant food."

A client with cancer of the bladder just returned to the unit from the PACU after surgery to create an ileal conduit.The nurse is monitoring the client's urine output hourly and notifies the physician when the hourly output is less than what? Select one: a. 60 mL b. 90 mL c. 30 mL d. 120 m

30 mL Normal urine output is at least 30ml/hour. The nurse should notify the provider of urine output of <30ml/h

. The liver receives deoxygenated blood from the: A. Portal vein B. Gastric artery C. Hepatic artery D. Hepatorenal vein

A

3. Which pancreatic enzyme breaks down starches? A. Amylase B. Secretin C. Lipase D. Trypsin

A

The nurse monitors for which complication in the patient with hyperparathyroidism? A. Renal stones B. Seizures C. Laryngospasm D. Hypertension

A Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism leads to hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria, which increase the incidence of development of renal stones (colic). Seizures and laryngospasm are associated with hypocalcemia.

A patient with thyroid cancer is receiving high-dose radiation to the thyroid gland. During assessment of the patient, which clinical manifestation is consistent with hypocalcemia? A. Positive Chvostek's sign B. Negative Trousseau's sign C. Absent deep tendon reflexes D. Periorbital edema

A Rationale: Hypocalcemia is associated with positive Chvostek's and positive Trousseau's signs. The deep tendon reflexes are typically hyperactive with hypocalcemia.

The function of the liver includes which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Metabolism of proteins B. Production and secretion of bile salts C. Production of vitamins A B D E K D. Filters blood of toxins E. Production of red blood cells

A,B, D

A patient has been admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of urolithiasis. When planning the patient's admission assessment, which assessment findings should the nurse identify as signs and symptoms this disorder? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Oliguria b. Acute pain c. Urinary frequency d. Acute pain e. High fever

Acute pain, Oliguria, Acute pain

The nurse had taught the client with chronic pancreatitis about risk factor modification to reduce the incidence of recurrences. The nurse determines that the client has understood the information if the client states it will be necessary to control which of the following? •A. DIABETES MELLITUS •B. ALCOHOL INTAKE •C. DUODENAL ULCERS •D. CROHN'S DISEASE

Alcohol intake

A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream? Select one: a. Bicarbonate b.Ammonia c. Potassium d.Glucose

Ammonia

Your patient has liver cirrhosis and is becoming confused and agitated. What laboratory data would the nurse expect to be elevated? A.Bilirubin B. Ammonia C.Corticosteroids D. Lipase

Ammonia

indicative of laryngeal nerve damage. 3. The nurse monitors for which findings in the patient with hyperthyroidism? (Select all that apply.) A. Weight loss B. Cold intolerance C. Constipation D. Tachycardia E. Exophthalmos

Answer: A, D, and E Rationale: Hyperthyroidism is associated with an accelerated metabolic rate that leads to tachycardia and weight loss (even with increased caloric intake), as well as expothalamos. Sensitivity to cold and constipation are more associated with hypothyroidism

Of the following three patients, which one would the nurse see first? A. A 42-year-old male arrived to the floor 4 hours ago after a liver biopsy. The patient called, and you are at the nurses station and answer the call bell. The patient has some visitors and reports that he just returned to the bed from the bathroom and is complaining of pain at the biopsy site, but you hear them laughing and talking in the room. You know the patient just received pain medicine upon arrival to the floor. B. A 65-year-old male with a history of cirrhosis arrived to the floor an hour ago from the emergency department with shortness of breath and jaundice. You have been busy and have not seen this patient yet. His heart rate is 110, blood pressure is 90/50, and respiratory rate 32. He received diuretics in the emergency department and is scheduled for a paracentesis in the next few hours. C. 24-year-old female IV substance abuser who was hit in the abdomen with a baseball bat and is being observed for abdominal trauma, specifically liver contusions. Her heart rate is 100, she has mild pain in the abdomen, and denies nausea. She arrived to the floor 30 minutes ago and you have not seen her yet, but y

Answer: B Rationale: The priority patient should be the 65-yearold who was recently given diuretics for fluid overload so that you can obtain a repeat set of vital signs. The patient has an elevated heart rate and is hypotensive. It is necessary to determine if the diuretics will impact the vital signs further and to determine if the patient has had a response the medication. You should be concerned that the pain of the liver biopsy patient may indicate bleeding from the procedure over 4 hours ago. The trauma patient is the most stable.

Following thyroid surgery, the nurse frequently assesses the patient's ability to speak in order to monitor for which complication? A. Parathyroid injury B. Hypocalcemia C. Laryngeal nerve injury D. Hypercalcemia

Answer: C Rationale: Assessing for damage to the laryngeal nerve is also a priority in the postoperative period following thyroidectomy. Changes in voice quality, particularly hoarseness or a husky tone, may be indicative of laryngeal nerve damage

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new arteriovenous (AV) fistula in his left forearm. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to assess the patency of this fistula? Select one: a. Measure the client's blood pressure to ensure it is higher in the left arm than the right. b. Auscultate the site for a bruit and palpate for a thrill. c.Schedule the client for an ultra sound every day until discharge. d. Check the brachial and radial pulses of the left arm simultaneously.

Auscultate the site for a bruit and palpate for a thrill.

The liver receives what percentage of cardiac output? A. 10% B. 25% C. 40% D. 50

B

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions. Which is an endocrine function of the pancreas? A. Secretes pancreatic enzymes B. Produces glucagon C. Secretes chyme D. Produces bicarbonate

B

A client has a total gastrectomy. The nurse explains to the client the need for long-term injections of which of the following vitamins? 1. Thiamine 2. Folic Acid 3. B12 4. Niacin

B12

Cyanocobalamin

B12

A nurse is caring for a male client who has chronic glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Serum creating .8 RBC 4.9 mm BUN 100 mg serum potassium 4.0

BUN 100 BUN elevated and indication of poor kidney function

a nurse is reviewing the bun and creatinine levels of an older adult client who has chronic kidney disease. the nurse should expect which of the following findings

BUN 45 mg/dl and creatinine 8 mg/dl both elevated is an expected finding og chronic kidney disease

The nurse is caring for the client recovering from cholecystitis. The client is moving from NPO to a regular diet as tolerated. Which of the following menu choices should the nurse suggest? Select one: a. Garden salad and fried chicken b. Pasta with meatballs c. Baked potato and mixed vegetable d. Eggs and bacon

Baked potato and mixed vegetable

The nurse is caring for a client with a bowel obstruction. The client suddenly develops a rigid, board-like abdomen, abdominal distention, pain, elevated HR, and a fever. Which of the following complications does the nurse suspect? Select one: a. Paralytic ileus b.Colon cancer c. Bowel perforation d.Ulcerative Colitis

Bowel perforation

A patient undergoes surgical resection of a thyroid tumor. Immediately following surgery, which intervention has the highest priority? A. Assessing the surgical site for hemorrhage B. Supporting the head to prevent stress on the suture line C. Monitoring respiratory status for sign of obstruction D. Asking the patient to speak to assess for hoarseness

C : In the postoperative period after thyroidectomy, the patient is at risk for respiratory compromise secondary to the location of the incision (neck), potential for postoperative edema potentially compressing the trachea, and inability to maintain airway.

Which of the following lab values should the nurse look for prior to a client having a kidney biopsy? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Liver function tests b. Electrolytes c. BUN d. Hemoglobin e. Coagulation studies

Coagulation studies, Electrolytes , BUN, Hemoglobin

Urolithiasis presenting symptoms:

Colicky, severe pain, flank or back pain, fever, chills, nausea, diaphoresis, pallor, oliguria or anuria if there is an obstruction blocking urine flow

You are performing an assessment of body systems on an 85-year-old client. The nurse should be aware of what age-related change affecting the renal or urinary system? Select one: a. Increased bladder capacity b. Urinary incontinence c. Decreased glomerular filtration rate d. Increased ability to concentrate urine

Decreased glomerular filtration rate

A patient with sudden elevation on BUN and normal creatinine values has been referred by her primary physician for further evaluation. The nurse should anticipate which of the following problem? Select one: a. Dehydration b.Chronic Kidney c.Spontaneous pneumothorax d.Rapid muscle breakdown

Dehydration

The nurse caring for a client with hemolytic jaundice anticipates which of the following findings on the laboratory results? •A Elevated serum bilirubin •B Decreased serum protein •C Increased fecal bilirubin excretion •D Decreased urine pH

Elevated serum bilirubin

A client is being evaluated for possible duodenal ulcer. The nurse assesses the client for which of the following manifestations that would support this diagnosis? •A Epigastric pain relieved by food •B History of chronic aspirin use •C Distended abdomen •D Positive fluid wave

Epigastric pain relieved by food

A nurse is assessing a child who has glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Weight loss b. Facial edema c. Hematuria d.Lethargy e. Light yellow urine

Facial edema, Lethargy, Hematuria

The client with chronic pancreatitis needs information on dietary modification to manage the health problems, The nurse teaches the client to limit which of the following items in the diet? •A Carbohydrates •B Fat •C Iron •D Water Soluble Vitamins

Fat

Pre-op test for renal biopsy include:

H/H, WBC, Platelet, INR, BUN/Creat; UA

common manifestations of glomerulonephritis

Hematuria, oliguria, dark urine, headache, facial swelling, weight gain, hypertension

A nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. Which of the following electrolyte abnormalities is most closely associated with pancreatitis? Select one: a. Hypophosphatemia b. Hypernatremia c. Hypocalcemia d. Hypermagnesemia

Hypocalcemia

A nurse is caring for a female client who has recurrent kidney stones and is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse report to the provider? i drink at least 2 quarters of fluid everyday the last time i voided it was painful and red tinged my period ended 2 days ago i dont eat shellfish bc it gives mee hives

I dont eat shellfish bc it gives me hives

Causes of Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (normal 7-18)

Infection, dehydration, steroid reaction, chemo, liver damage

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following arterial blood gas values would the nurse expect this client to have?

PH 7.26, HCO3 14 and PaCO2 30 AKI causes metabolic acidosis because the kidneys cannot adequately process and excrete the acidic substances the usual bodily functions produce every day. With metabolic acidosis, the pH is low, the bicarbonate is low, and the PaCO2 is low or in the expected range, as in these results.

The nurse should evaluate which of the following lab tests for a client who has cirrhosis in order to plan for safe care? •A Prothrombin time •B Urinalysis •C Serum lipase •D Serum troponin

Prothrombin time

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of peritonitis? Select one: a. Bradycardia b. Rigid abdomen c. Increased urinary output d. Hyperactive bowel sounds

Rigid abdomen

The main function of the gallbladder is to: A. Store bile B. Produce bile C. Store fats D. Produce fats

Store bile

A client with kidney stones is scheduled for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). What should the nurse include in the client's post-procedure care? Select one: a. Administer a bolus of 500 mL normal saline following the procedure b. Monitor the client for fluid overload following the procedure c. Insert a urinary catheter for 24-48 hours after the procedure d. Strain the client's urine following the procedure

Strain the client's urine following the procedure

A nurse is talking with a client who has cholelithiasis and is about to undergo an oral cholangiogram. Which of the following client statements indicates to the nurse understanding of the procedure.1. "They are going to examine my gallbladder and ducts."2. "Soon those shock waves will get rid of my gallstones."3. "I'll have a camera put down my throat so they can see my gallbladder."4. "They'll put medication into my gallbladder to dissolve the stones."

They are going to examine my gallbladder and ducts."

Mrs. Simons is a 68-year-old female presenting with complaints of nausea and vomiting, weakness, and dizziness. Diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in her early 30s, she has been managing her RA with daily dose of oral cortisol (Prednisone 20 mg po daily). Mrs. Simons also has a history of angina and hypertension, managed by daily ASA 81 mg, and Atenolol. She has been unable to take her medications for the last 2 days. Vital signs are: Temp 38.2 Pulse 140 Resp 20 BP 86/50 Mr. Barnett is a 55-year-old male with no previous of history of cardiovascular problems. This morning he awoke with a severe headache unrelieved by acetaminophen or rest. He also tried resting with a cold compress to his head, and now presents to the ED as the pain seems to be getting worse. He is also complaining of nausea and has been unable to eat anything. Vital signs are: Temp 37.1 Pulse 124 Resp 28 BP 180/114 1. Which patient should the nurse assess first? 2. What is the priority intervention for Ms. Simons at this time

Which patient should the nurse assess first? Answer: Ms. Simons Rationale: Based upon Ms. Simons's history of taking oral corticosteroids daily for over 30 years, and her presenting signs of hypovolemia (decreased blood pressure and increased pulse rate), she should be seen first. While Mr. Barnett's blood pressure is greatly elevated, he has no history of cardiovascular health issues and hypovolemia is the higher priority. What is the priority intervention for Ms. Simons at this time? Answer: Cortisol replacement Rationale: Definitive treatment is cortisol replacement. Most likely the provider will order parenteral replacement

ascites

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

the nurse had taught the client with chronic pancreatitis about risk factor modification to reduce the incidence of recurrences. the nurse that has understood the information if the client states it will be necessary to control which of the following? DM Alcohol intake duodenal ulcers crohn's disease

alcohol intake

Lactulose helps decrease

ammonia levels

A patent fistula should have

an audible bruit and palpable thrill. If the nurse can not find a bruit or thrill, they should contact the provider to report findings.

A client who underwent abdominal surgery who has a nasogastric (NG) tube in place begins to complain of abdominal pain that he describes as "feeling full and uncomfortable." Which assessment should the nurse perform first? •A Measure abdominal girth •B Auscultate bowel sounds •C Assess the patency of the NG tube •D Assess vital signs

assess the patency of the NG tube

A nurse is admitting a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? a. Initiate a low-reside diet b. Pantoprazole 80mg IV bolus twice daily c. Ambulate twice daily d. Pancrealipase 500units/kg PO three times daily with meals

b. Pantoprazole 80mg IV bolus twice daily PPI to decrease gastric production ultimately decreasing pancreatic secretions

lithotripsy uses show waves to break up

breaks up gallostones

Kidney size and function change over time. GFR begins to decrease

by age 35-40 with a (1mL/min) decline per year

Peritonitis includes

cloudy waste products, a rigid board-like abdomen, and symptoms o f infection (fever, chills...), nausea and vomiting

Infections in older adults may present with atypical symptoms such as

confusion

The nurse is discussing the findings of a urinary tract infection (UTI) with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a finding specifically associated with a UTI in the older adult client? Select one: a. Incontinence b. Urinary retention c. Confusion d. Low back pain

confusion

The client WITH CROHN'S DISEASE IS returning from a colonoscopy. The nurse expects to note which of the following manifestations in the client? •A Hematemesis •B Firm, rigid abdomen •C Cramping •D Enlarged hemorrhoids

cramping

the client in the clinic tells the nurse that he has been experiencing "Heartburn". which of the following interventions should the nurse imlement first measure the client's abdominal girth schedule the client for GI X-rays determine alleviating and aggravating factors perform an electrocardiogram

determine alleviating and aggravating factors

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about ways to manage his condition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

eat 4 small meals a day wait 3 hrs before going to bed no milk elevate head

A nurse is caring for a client who has liver cirrhosis with ascites, bleeding esophageal varices, and portal hypertension. The nurse recognizes which of the following laboratory findings as indicating the client's gastrointestinal (GI) tract is digesting and absorbing blood? elevated BUN Elevated HbA1C decreased chloride decreased billirubin

elevated BUN levels

Acute pancreatitis often presents with

elevated pancreatic enzymes, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia and hyperglycemia

the nurse caring for a client with hemolytic jaundice anticipates which of the following findings on the lab results? el serum bilirubin decrease serum protein increase fecal billirubin excretion decreased uring PH

elevated serum billirubin

a client is being evaluated for possible duodenal ulcer. the nurses assesses the client for which of the following manifestations that would support this diagnosis? epigastric pain relieved by food history of chronic aspirin by use distended abdomen positive fluid wave

epigastric pain relieved by food

The client with cirrhosis complicated by ascites is admitted to the hospital. The client has reported a 10 pound weight gain over the last week and a half. The client has edema of the feet and ankles, the abdomen is distended, taut, and shiny with striae. The nurse would select which of the following as the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client? •A Imbalanced nutrition: more than body requirements •B Impaired gas exchange •C Risk for impaired skin integrity •D Excess fluid volume

excess fluid volume

the nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. which of the following factors may have caused this condition? ,malnourishment hypertension excessive coughing diverticulitis

excessive coughing

the client with chronic pancreatitis needs information on dietary modification to manage the health probelms. the nurse teaches the client to limit which of the following itme sin the diet? carbs fat iron water soluble vitaims

fats

Manifestations of kidney stones depends on location but include

flank pain, hematuria, pyuria nausea and vomiting may occur

The nurse is teaching a client recently diagnosed with irritable bowel disease. Which information should the nurse teach the client as a way to prevent flare-ups? A. Eat low sodium diet. B. Avoid fatty foods. C. Avoid sick people. D. Keep a food journal

food journal

A nurse is interviewing a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following factors should the nurse anticipate finding in the client's history? a.Gallstones b.Hypolipidemia c.COPD d.Diabetes mellitus

gallstones might reveal biliary obstruction causing bile to inflame the pancrease DM can be result not cause

a nurse is planning care for a client who has diverticulitis. which of the folowing menu selections should the nurse include? turkey sandwhich with celeary sticks sliced ham with green salad pork tenderloin with green peas grilled chicken breast with white rice

grilled chicken breast with white rice low fiber and protein

a nurse is completing the admission assessment of a client who has acute pancreatitis. which of the following findings is the priority to be reported to the provider? history of cholelithiasis serium amlyase levels 3x greater than the expected value client reporting severe pain radiating to the back that is rated at a 8 hand spasms present when blood pressure is checked

hand spasms present when blood pressure is checked

Ammonia is linked with

hepatic encephalopathy in clients with cirrhosis

the nurse would place the highest priority on which of the following interventions when planning to prevent atelectasis in newly admitted postoperative patient hourly coughin and deep breathing assisting the client out of bed administering bronchodilators supplemental oxygen

hourly coughing and deep breathing

A nurse is providing teaching to a client about measures to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which of the following client statements indicates a need for more teaching?

i will need to wipe my perineal area from back to front after urination

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of the following values? a. Calcium b. RBC count c. Magnesium d. Amylase

increase amylase decrease mag elevated WBC decrease calcium

which of the following assessments made by the nurse could indicate the development of a complication of portal hypertension in a client with cirrhosis of the liver increasing abdominal circumference bleeding gums muscle wasting hypothermia

increasing abdominal circumference

When caring for a client who has cirrhosis, which of the following assessment findings would be highest priority? •A Jaundice •B Increasing confusion •C Elevated AST and ALT levels •D Elevated ammonia levels

increasing confusion

when caring for a client who has cirrhosis, which of the following assessment findings would be highest priority ? jaundice increasing confusion elevated AST and ALT levels elevated ammonia levels

increasing confusion

a nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who has pancreatitis. the physical exam reported by the provider indicated the presence of Cullen's sign. which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse to identify this finding? tap lightly at the costovertebral margin on the client's back palpate the client RLW inspect the skin around the umbilicus auculate the area below the clients scapula

inspect the skin around the umbilicus

a nurse is teaching a client who has CKD and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. the nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following substances. iron protein potassium sodium

iron synthetic form of erythropoietin, a substance produced by the kidnes that stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBC. Increase iron is needed for the production of hemoglobin and RBC by the bone marrow

the nurse is admitting a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. which statement by the client supports the diagnosis of a gastric ulcer? i have bright red rectal bleeding ive lost weight bc it hurts when i eat after i eat a high fat meal, i get pain on my right side if i lie down after eating, i get a burning in my chest

ive lost weight bc it hurts when i eat

a client was admitted to the hospital with choletithiasis the pervious day. which of the following new assessment findings indicated to the nurse that the stone has probably obstructed the common bile duct? nausea elevated cholesterol level RUQ pain jaundice

jaundice

Clients with cholecystitis should start small meals that are

low in fat

A nurse is caring for client with Crohn's disease which of tbe following fod choices would be appropiate

low in fiber, fat and lactose

the client with diverticular disease is scheduled for a sigmoidoscopy. he suddenly complains of severe abdominal pain. on examination, the nurse notes a rigid abdomen with guarding. what action should the nurse take next? notify evaluate the clients most recent lab values keep the client distracted until the procedure begins tells the client that the test will show what is causing his pain and administer additional analgesic

notify the physician

peritonitis would likely occur as a complication of which of the following conditions? hypertension multiple organ failure hypovolemic shock peptic ulcer disease

peptic ulcer idsease

NSAIDs and H. pylori can lead to

peptic ulcers

a nurse is assessing a client who has advanced cirrhosis . which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? petechiae hypertension osteoarthritis peripheral ulcers

petechiae due to impaired coagulation from a dysfunctional liver osteoporosis hypotension

the nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with GERD. which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to manage the symptoms? have the client clie on their stomach while seeping adminster NSAIDs for pain encourage the client to drink 10 glasses of water per day place the HOB in an elevated position

place the HOB in an elevated position

the nurse is caring for a client on the day following surgical management for esophageal cancer. which of the following interventions would be appropriate? flush the NG tube with saline keep the client on strict bedrest place the client in a fowlers position allow the client to tak sips of clear liquids

place the client in a fowler's position

A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing transmission of a virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Avoid eating fast food B. Avoid serving raw foods C. Practice effective hand hygiene D. Wear barrier protection during vaginal intercourse

practice effective hand hygenine

The nurse is evaluating the effect of dietary counseling on the client with hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse would evaluate that the client understands the instructions given if the client stated that which of the following food items should be restricted in this diet? •A Fat •B Carbohydrates •C Protein •D Minerals

protein

the nurse is evaluating the effect of dietary counseling on the client with hepatic encephalopathy. the nuse would evaluate that the client understands the instructions given if the client stated that which of the following items should be restricted in this diet? fat carbs protein minerals

protein

the nurse should evaluate which of the following lab tests for a client who has cirrhosis in order to plan for safe care? prothrombin time urinalysis serum lipase serum troponin

prothrombin time

Perforation is a complication that, if untreated, can lead to

sepsis and death.

A nurse is admitting a client who has hepatitis C. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement?

standard -Hep C is a bloodborne pathogen commonly spread by needle stick injury

After a lithotripsy treatment, the nurse should

strain the urine for stones.

Knowing the triggers may be the best way to prevent flare-ups. Keeping a food journal will help

the client discover what food might be triggering flare-ups.

portal hypertension

the elevation of blood pressure within the portal venous system

Causes of Elevated Creatinine (Cr) (normal 0.6-1.2)

•Increases due to muscle and protein breakdown •Kidney disease is the condition that elevates Cr •Loss of Kidney function up to 50% will result in increased Cr