Exam 2 Practice Questions: GERO

1. An older adult client is fitted with binaural hearing aids when a recent hearing assessment revealed that she has a sensorineural hearing loss related to presbycusis. To assist the client in adjusting to the hearing aids, the gerontological nurse advises her: A. "Experiment with the volume and hearing ability in a quiet environment." B. "Wear the hearing aid for approximately 1 hour a day at first, gradually increasing the time of use." C. "Keep the volume low on your hearing aid until you adjust to conditions with many noises." D. "Use only one hearing aid initially and add the second hearing aid when you are fully adjusted to one aid."

A. "Experiment with the volume and hearing ability in a quiet environment." A hearing aid is a personal amplifying system that includes a microphone, an amplifier, and a loudspeaker. Hearing aids necessitate a period of adjustment and training in correct use. Suggestions for the use and care of hearing aids are found in Box 19.6.

A 76-year-old Caucasian woman is admitted to the hospital with dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. She is confused and incontinent of urine on admission. After the gerontological nurse has the client settled in her room, she talks with the client's husband about his wife's condition and plan of care. In developing a plan of care for this client, an appropriate gerontological nursing intervention for the client's incontinence is to: A. Insert an indwelling catheter. B. Apply absorbent incontinent pads. C. Restrict fluids after the evening meal. D. Assist the client to the bathroom every 2 hours.

B. Apply absorbent incontinent pads. **D. Assist the client to the bathroom every 2 hours. (may not work b/c patient is confused)

A resident in the long-term care setting complains of not being able to sleep. What action would be a priority for the nurse to implement? A. Administer a sleeping medication at the same time each evening. B. Decrease noise around the resident at bedtime and during the night. C. Have the resident participate in light exercise 2 hours before bedtime. D. Do not allow the resident to watch TV or listen to music after dinner.

B. Decrease noise around the resident at bedtime and during the night.

Which of the following is the cause of most accidental fatalities of older adults? A. Motor vehicle accidents B. Falls C. Hypothermia D. Medication overdose

B. Falls

Which patient assessment data does the nurse recognize could contribute to an older adult's risk of hyperthermia? A. Has a history of osteoarthritis B. Takes furosemide 40 mg daily C. Bathes daily with a hot shower D. Keeps room temperature at 72°F

B. Takes furosemide 40 mg daily (Patients receiving diuretics have a higher risk of hyperthermia)

One of the first interventions advocated for an aging adult who has complained of insomnia, following assessment, might be: A. prescribe a short-term hypnotic medication or sedative to induce sleep. B. encourage the client to go to bed only when sleepy and at the same time each night. C. suggest drinking warm cocoa to induce sleep. D. encourage the client to begin an evening exercise regimen.

B. encourage the client to go to bed only when sleepy and at the same time each night.

An 81-year-old white woman was recently admitted to a long-term care facility. While making rounds, the gerontological nurse enters her room and finds her sitting up in bed, reading the large print edition of Reader's Digest. She asks the gerontological nurse whether increasing the amount of lighting in the room is possible when she reads. She further states, "I don't know what it is. Lately I have noticed a blurry spot in the middle of my vision, and colors seem to be less vibrant. It just seems that I need more light for everything as I get older." The gerontological nurse realizes that the client could be exhibiting early signs of which of the following eye diseases? A. Diabetic retinopathy B. Cataracts C. Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) D. Glaucoma

C. Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) ARMD is a degenerative eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the eye responsible for clear central vision. Early signs of ARMD include blurred vision, difficulty reading and driving, increased need for bright light, colors that appear dim or gray, and an awareness of a blurry spot in the middle of vision.

Which of the following statements might encourage the gerontological nurse to add the nursing diagnosis of constipation to the client's care plan? A. "I only have a bowel movement every 2 days." B. "I have to have my morning cup of coffee before I can move my bowels." C. "If I don't eat enough prunes or other fruit, I sometimes have trouble." D. "I had a bowel movement 3 days ago, but it wasn't much."

D. "I had a bowel movement 3 days ago, but it wasn't much."

A patient has been referred for polysomnography to confirm a diagnosis of sleep apnea. What symptoms would the nurse expect the patient to report? A. Inability to fall asleep with medications B. Kicking and hitting his partner while sleeping C. Consistently falling asleep during the evening meal D. Loud periodic snoring with choking on wakening

D. Loud periodic snoring with choking on wakening

Which of the following interventions would the nurse include in a bowel retraining program for a patient in an extended care facility? A. Administering a daily oil-retention enema B. Limiting fluid intake at breakfast and lunch C. Reducing the intake of high residue foods D. Toileting the patient at the same time daily

D. Toileting the patient at the same time daily- have a schedule!

During a visit to the emergency department, a 92-year-old man discloses that he dribbles when he urinates. Which of the following would be a reason for this incontinence? A. Diet B. Old age C. Laziness when urinating D. Underlying cause, such as an infection

D. Underlying cause, such as an infection

What information will the nurse include when teaching a patient about using a hearing aid? a. "This amplifies sound and directs it into the ear canal." b. "You will be able to hear better in noisy or crowded rooms." c. "It will assist you to interpret the incoming sounds more effectively." d. "This will bypass damaged portions of the ear and stimulate the auditory nerve."

a. "This amplifies sound and directs it into the ear canal."

A nurse is instructing a client who is scheduled for a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) about post-op care. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "You might have a continuous sensation of needing to voice even though you have a catheter" b. "You will be on bed rest for the first 2 days of the procedure" c. "You will be instructed to limit your fluid intake after the procedure" d. "Your urine should be clear yellow the evening after surgery"

a. "You might have a continuous sensation of needing to voice even though you have a catheter"

Which pharmacokinetic parameter is affected most by decreased intestinal motility related to the aging process? a. Absorption c. Metabolism b. Distribution d. Excretion

a. Absorption (more time spent in intestine- where most absorption takes place)

An older adult who is on bed rest after surgery is prescribed morphine for pain. Which of the following is the nurse's priority for preventive care? a. Constipation c. Poor solid food intake b. Diarrhea d. Poor liquid intake

a. Constipation

Which of the following is a true statement about elimination in older adults? a. Defecation less than once each day is not necessarily constipation. b. Mineral oil is recommended as a laxative for the older adult. c. Excessive sleep can be a symptom of constipation. d. Leaking liquid feces should be treated as diarrhea.

a. Defecation less than once each day is not necessarily constipation.

Which option is part of a program that addresses bowel incontinence in an older adult patient? a. Ensuring that a toilet or commode is readily accessible to the patient b. Encouraging the intake of 1 liter of water each day c. Expecting a rapid and full recovery d. Toileting the patient 10 to 15 minutes after meals

a. Ensuring that a toilet or commode is readily accessible to the patient

An older woman had hip replacement surgery 1 day ago, and the nurse thinks that the woman also has dementia. Which patient assessment does the nurse use to determine whether this woman is experiencing pain? a. Holds abdomen tightly. c. Is not verbalizing. b. Has stable vital signs. d. Moves during sleep.

a. Holds abdomen tightly.

An older man has Alzheimer disease, and his wife says he is up and wandering around the house at night. Which intervention should the nurse implement to increase the man's duration of sleep? a. Instruct the wife to increase his daily physical activity. b. Collaborate with the health care provider to administer a hypnotic medication. c. Teach the wife how to apply a vest restraint during sleep. d. Help the wife plan daily periods for napping and activity.

a. Instruct the wife to increase his daily physical activity.

Which of the following is a true statement about sleep in older adults? a. The time spent in bed increases, but the time spent asleep decreases. b. The amount of leg movement during sleep remains steady throughout life. c. Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep becomes more unevenly distributed with age. d. The amount of stage III sleep increases steadily throughout life.

a. The time spent in bed increases, but the time spent asleep decreases.

Which action should be included in all bladder-retraining programs? a. Toileting at bedtime c. Toileting every hour b. Using adult incontinence pads d. Providing 1000 ml of fluids daily

a. Toileting at bedtime

A nurse is teaching an older adult client about methods to improve sleep. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. go to bed at the same time every night b. watch tv in bed until you are sleepy c. drink a glass of wine before going to bed d. engage in physical activity in the evenings

a. go to bed at the same time every night

Which of the following client reports is consistent with cataracts? a. halos when looking at lights b. loss of peripheral vision c. bright flashes of light and floaters d. eyestrain and headaches with close work

a. halos when looking at lights loss of peripheral vision = glaucoma bright flashes of light, floaters = retinal detachment eyestrain, headaches = decreased visual acuity

A nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client who has chronic pain. Which of the following effects of unrelieved pain should the nurse identify as a priority finding to report? a. impaired mobility b. decreased independence c. decreased self-esteem d. impaired socialization

a. impaired mobility *safety as priority here

Interventions the nurse may implement to help prevent falls include (Select all that apply.) a. keeping the call light within reach. b. rounding on the patient every 1 to 2 hours. c. reducing fluid intake after the evening meal. d. using a bed alarm if the patient is disoriented. e. teaching the patient to change positions slowly.

a. keeping the call light within reach. b. rounding on the patient every 1 to 2 hours. d. using a bed alarm if the patient is disoriented. e. teaching the patient to change positions slowly.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has recently had an indwelling catheter placed. The nurse should assess the patient for: a. An increase in oral fluid intake c. Upper back pain b. A change in mental status d. A decrease in activity

b. A change in mental status *Can indicate a UTI in older adults

Which of the following interventions should the nurse use when communicating with a hearing impaired older patient. a. Stand beside the patient's chair when speaking. b. Always clearly identify yourself and others with you. c. Exaggerate your voice, depending on the cause of the hearing loss. d. Select colors for paint, furniture, and pictures with rich intensity.

b. Always clearly identify yourself and others with you.

An older man who has tinnitus complains to the nurse that it is very annoying. Which should the nurse implement to alleviate the stress he is experiencing from tinnitus? a. Irrigate the bilateral Eustachian tubes. b. Assess for modifiable risk factors. c. Propose a hearing aid and a masker. d. Use white noise to override the tinnitus.

b. Assess for modifiable risk factors.

The most detrimental illness or condition that an older adult with deafness that occurred at birth can experience is which one of the following? a. Aphasia b. Cataracts c. Glaucoma d. Osteoarthritis

b. Cataracts cloudy lens- cannot read sign language, read lips, body language, etc.

A nurse is teaching an older client about ambulating with a quad-cane. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Adjust the height of the cane so you can flex your elbow at 45 degrees b. Hold the cane in the hand on the stronger side of your body c. Place the flat side of the cane away from your foot d. Move the cane and your stronger leg at the same time

b. Hold the cane in the hand on the stronger side of your body (move the cane at the same time as weaker side moves)

The nurse uses comfort measures to enhance an older adult's pharmacological pain management. Which of the following would be most helpful for the nurse to use to identify the relationships between the comfort measures, activity, and pharmacotherapy, and the older adult's pain level? a. Older adult's self-report c. FPS-R b. Older adult's pain diary d. Pain medication frequency

b. Older adult's pain diary

The health care provider has not ordered the use of a restraint for an alert patient at high risk for falling. The nurse should implement which side rail use? a. Two full-length rails b. One -length rail c. No side rails d. Four -length rails

b. One -length rail The use of one -length rail is not considered a restraint; it can be used to assist the patient in getting in and out of bed. Two full-length rails and four -length rails would be considered a restraint. The use of no side rails is not considered a restraint; however, the use of one rail to maneuver in and out of bed may be most beneficial to the patient.

The nurse completes an admission assessment on an older adult patient. The nurse identifies which factor that may contribute to sleep problems? a. Exposure to sunlight c. Use of a sleep aid b. Polypharmacy d. Decreased fluid intake

b. Polypharmacy *Med side effects and drug interactions

The nurse assesses a male resident in a nursing home for urinary incontinence and determines that he is unaware of the problem. Which recommendation should the nurse implement? a. Limit oral fluid intake. c. Apply absorbent undergarment. b. Provide regular toileting. d. Encourage frequent rest periods.

b. Provide regular toileting.

The nurse can place an older adult into one of four patient rooms. Which is the most suitable room for an older adult? a. Brightly lit, blue room with cozy throw rugs b. Room with orange carpeting and soft lighting c. Brightly lit, blue room with waxed vinyl floors d. Room for television and children's playtime

b. Room with orange carpeting and soft lighting The soft lighting avoids glare, and the carpet provides better traction than a glossy floor. Lamps should be added to supply more light when desired. Throw rugs easily slip, and older adults can trip on them, resulting in injury. The patient's feet should not be able to glide easily across the floor, and when the surface becomes wet, a waxed floor can be very slippery.

The nurse wants to begin helping a resident who is overweight and has urinary incontinence with healthy bladder behavior skills. Which intervention should the nurse implement? a. Begin a low-calorie diet for weight management. b. Schedule voiding at 2- to 4-hour intervals. c. Instruct the resident to practice abdominal exercises. d. Reduce the time between an urge to void and voiding.

b. Schedule voiding at 2- to 4-hour intervals.

Which of the following is a true statement about sleeping in older adults? a. Older adults tend to fall asleep quickly but are awakened throughout the night. b. Sleep disturbances in the older adult can be caused by cardiovascular disease, arthritis, or diabetes. c. Benzodiazepine agents are the medications of choice for sleep disorders. d. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can alleviate sleep disturbances caused by depression.

b. Sleep disturbances in the older adult can be caused by cardiovascular disease, arthritis, or diabetes.

Which of the following statements is true about analgesic medications for older adults? a. Opioids are less effective in older patients than in younger patients. b. Stool softeners and laxatives should be used with opioids. c. Over-the-counter NSAIDs are generally harmless. d. The dose limit for acetaminophen is difficult to reach for older adults.

b. Stool softeners and laxatives should be used with opioids.

An older man was oriented and responded appropriately in the hospital, but he is now disoriented and confused in his home after discharge. Which of the following issues is the first that the home nurse should examine to determine whether an environmental issue is contributing to the patient's condition at home? a. Complaints of shivering b. Temperature of household c. Types of food preparation d. Presence of radon

b. Temperature of household Older adults are at higher risk of hypothermia in the community because hypothermia is difficult to detect and because, as hypothermia sets in, the older adult can respond to a lower temperature. This man has clinical indicators of hypothermia; therefore the home care nurse first assesses the ambient temperature for a baseline determination because the household temperature should have the most profound impact on his body temperature.

The nurse is teaching older adults about maintaining health and wellness. Which recommendation should the nurse include in the teaching to maintain optimal vision? a. Take 50,000 units of vitamin A daily. b. Wear sunglasses that block sun rays. c. Read in good light to avoid eye strain. d. Visit the ophthalmologist every 5 years.

b. Wear sunglasses that block sun rays.

A nurse in a provider's office is obtaining a history from a client who is undergoing an evaluation for BPH. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings are indicative of this condition? (Select all the apply) a. backache b. frequent UTIs c. weight loss d. hematuria e. urinary incontinence

b. frequent UTIs d. hematuria e. urinary incontinence

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is postoperative following a TURP. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include (Select all that apply) a. avoid sexual intercourse for 3 months after surgery b. if urine appears bloody, stop activity and rest c. avoid drinking caffeinated beverages d. take a stool softener once a day e. treat pain with ibuprofen

b. if urine appears bloody, stop activity and rest c. avoid drinking caffeinated beverages (*and other bladder stimulants) d. take a stool softener once a day (*prevents bleeding during BMs) *Avoid sexual intercourse for 2-6 weeks *Avoid NSAIDs as these can cause bleeding

A home health nurse is caring for an older adult client who states he does not like to leave his home. Which of the following is the priority factor the nurse should identify? a. bladder incontinence b. potential for falling c. memory loss d. lack of transportation

b. potential for falling

The overall temperature in your gerontological unit is 62° F during the evening shift. In documenting this concern to the administration, which factor is the most important for the health and well-being of older adults? a. It is not fair for older adults to have to deal with an uncomfortable environment. b. Some of the residents are wearing blankets around their shoulders to keep warm. c. An ambient temperature of 62° F is unsuitable for older people because they have impaired thermoregulation. d. It feels much warmer in the administration wing than out in the patient care areas.

c. An ambient temperature of 62° F is unsuitable for older people because they have impaired thermoregulation. *Under no circumstances should the temperature drop below 65° F because older adults are at risk for hypothermia.

The nurse understands that stress incontinence occurs: a. With a urinary tract infection (UTI) b. Because of emotional strain c. As a result of increased intraabdominal pressure d. With a specific amount of urine in the bladder

c. As a result of increased intraabdominal pressure

The nurse assesses the quality of which of the following patient characteristics when applying the Get-Up-and-Go test from the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model? a. Stride b. Speed c. Balance d. Flexibility

c. Balance (assess gait and balance)

Which of the following is used to treat the most common cause of impairment to an older person's hearing? a. Hearing aids b. Cochlear implants c. Ear canal irrigation d. Sign language

c. Ear canal irrigation impacted cerumen is most common cause of hearing impairment in older adults

The nurse plans the care of an older female resident of a nursing home who has experienced a sudden deterioration in visual acuity. Which intervention should the nurse complete first? a. Prevent behavioral and social decline. b. Tell her to hold onto the rails during ambulation. c. Examine her mood and functional status. d. Use problem solving involving the resident.

c. Examine her mood and functional status. *Assess first to determine how sudden deterioration in visual acuity is affecting her quality of life

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled to start taking finasteride. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. I will see improvement in my symptoms within a week b. I can expect increased libido with this medication c. I should see a decrease in my PSA levels d. I must take this medication within 60 min of sexual activity

c. I should see a decrease in my PSA levels *Finasteride is a med for BPH

An older woman maintains an active lifestyle playing various games with friends. She reports to the nurse that she experiences wakefulness during the night and an inability to fall asleep after waking up at night. Which intervention should the nurse implement to improve the quality of this woman's sleep? a. Recommend preparation for sleep. b. Suggest trying a cup of warm milk at bedtime. c. Inquire about her nightly sleep rituals. d. Propose volunteer work at a thrift shop.

c. Inquire about her nightly sleep rituals. (first step - assessment before implementing A or B)

Which of the following is important to include in the initial assessment for older adults who are frail and beginning an exercise program? a. Exercise tolerance testing (ETT) b. Financial ability to pay for training sessions c. Medical history and physical examination d. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

c. Medical history and physical examination

The nurse observes that a male patient is snoring every night. Which should the nurse assess in this patient to diagnose the potential for sleep apnea? (Select all that apply.) a. Change in appetite b. Rituals for sleeping c. Number of daytime naps d. Headaches in the morning e. Irritability during the day f. Awakening during the night

c. Number of daytime naps d. Headaches in the morning e. Irritability during the day f. Awakening during the night

Before administering a drug to an older adult, the nurse should understand that the dose may be impacted which age-related physiological change? a. Older adults have increased liver metabolism b. Gastric emptying often occurs more rapidly c. Older adults have reduced glomerular filtration rates d. The sensitivity to baroreceptors is often reduced

c. Older adults have reduced glomerular filtration rates

A large residual urine volume characterizes what type of incontinence? a. Urge c. Overflow b. Stress d. Functional

c. Overflow *Urge and stress have small residual urine volume *Functional not associated w/ residual urine volume

An older woman tells the nurse practitioner that she fears her family will place her in a nursing home because she developed stress incontinence. Which recommendation should the nurse implement? a. Tell her to eliminate the use of caffeinated beverages. b. Coordinate a family conference with the older adult. c. Recommend exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor. d. Schedule voiding for every 2 hours around the clock.

c. Recommend exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor.

An older man who had a gastric resection states that he wants to ambulate but the osteoarthritis (OA) in his knees causes too much pain. Which intervention should the nurse implement to increase the amount of walking this man can perform? a. Encourage the patient to keep his leg elevated. b. Instruct him to rest until the pain disappears. c. Suggest taking pain medication before walking. d. Collaborate with the health care provider to make a walker available.

c. Suggest taking pain medication before walking.

Which of the following should the nurse recommend for a moderate-intensity exercise for older adults who are ambulatory and in good health? a. Walk 4 miles in 60 minutes. b. Work in the garden for 45 minutes. c. Swim laps in the pool for 20 minutes. d. Wash and wax the car for 75 minutes.

c. Swim laps in the pool for 20 minutes.

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving opioid analgesia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as adverse effects of opioid analgesics? (Select all that apply) a. urinary incontinence b. diarrhea c. bradypnea d. orthostatic hypotension e. nausea

c. bradypnea d. orthostatic hypotension e. nausea

A nurse is teaching a healthy older adult client who has chronic constipation about establishing a bowel-retraining program. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. limit physical activity during the day b. set a time limit of 10 min when attempting to defecate c. increase the fiber content of your diet d. increase your fluid intake to 5,000 mL per day

c. increase the fiber content of your diet -should attempt defecation for 15-20 mins -should increase fluids to 2,5000-3,000 mL per day (5,000 mL is unreasonable)

Which of the following is a true statement about assistive devices to aid older adults with impaired mobility? a. A walker can be used when climbing stairs. b. Cane tips should be smooth. c. Older adults save money by adapting assistive devices from their friends. d. A cane is most useful for unilateral disabilities but not bilateral problems.

d. A cane is most useful for unilateral disabilities but not bilateral problems.

Which of the following would be best choice for treating mild back pain in an older adult? a. Aspirin b. Ibuprofen c. Meperidine d. Acetaminophen

d. Acetaminophen (first line tx for mild pain, unless contraindicated i.e. liver problem)

Which signs and symptoms are characteristic of a urinary tract infection (UTI) in an older adult? (Select all that apply.) a. Fever b. Uremia c. Dysuria d. Anorexia e. Flank pain f. Turbid urine

d. Anorexia f. Turbid urine (cloudy) *fever not a good indicator of infection in older adults

The nurse admits an older man who had abdominal surgery. Admission vital signs are heart rate (pulse) (P), 73 beats per minute (bpm); respiration rate (R), 20 breaths per minute; blood pressure (BP), 136/84 mm Hg. He is receiving intravenous (IV) fluids but has not requested pain medication since surgery. Seven hours later, his vital signs are P, 98 bpm; R, 26 breaths per minute; and BP, 164/90 mm Hg; and he denies pain. Which intervention should the nurse implement? a. Administer an opioid medication by IV route. b. Check the surgical dressing for bleeding. c. Report the vital signs to the health care provider. d. Ask if he has about discomfort at the surgical site or any other location.

d. Ask if he has about discomfort at the surgical site or any other location.

The nurse administers an opioid analgesic to an older male postoperative patient in the surgical unit. Which is the most important intervention for the nurse to implement before leaving the patient's room? a. Place side rails up x 4. b. Position the patient comfortably. c. Offer toileting and a sip of water. d. Instruct him to ask for help before getting up.

d. Instruct him to ask for help before getting up.

After assessing the older man in his bed, the nurse determines that he is at high risk for falls. The nurse leaves the room to get a fall risk sign and returns to find him on the floor pleading for help. Which of the following was the most important intervention the nurse should have implemented to prevent this event? a. Call for someone to bring the sign. b. Show the older man how to use the call bell. c. Provide a urinal and drinking water. d. Instruct the patient to call for help.

d. Instruct the patient to call for help.

Which one of the following is a true statement about mobility and safety for older adults? a. Use of restraints on older patients helps prevent injuries from falls. b. Falls that do not cause physical injury are not significant. c. The get-up-and-go test provides a measure of a patient's energy and initiative. d. Lowering the bed and fluorescent tapes are interventions to increase safety.

d. Lowering the bed and fluorescent tapes are interventions to increase safety.

Which of the following diseases affects the eyesight of an older adult by damaging the central part of the retina? a. Glaucoma b. Presbyopia c. Cataract d. Macular degeneration

d. Macular degeneration

For a cognitively impaired patient who cannot accurately report pain, which assessment tool would be most useful? a. 0 to 10 numeric pain scale b. FACE pain rating scale c. OLDCART-based assessment tool d. PAINAD scale

d. PAINAD scale

An older adult complains about experiencing dry eyes daily. Which of the following should the nurse assess to help determine the cause of the patient's complaint? a. Vitamin B deficiency b. Use of humidifier at home c. History of diabetes mellitus d. Prescription antihistamine use

d. Prescription antihistamine use *Medications can cause dry eye, especially antihistamines, diuretic agents, beta-blockers, and some sleeping pills. -Vitamin A deficiency is a risk factor, not Vitamin B deficiency. -A humidifier should help with dry eyes, not cause it. -Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder, and dry eyes are an exocrine disorder.

A nurse is completing medication reconciliation for an older adult client who is receiving multiple medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? a. clarify list of meds w/ pharmacist b. compare current list against the new prescriptions c. investigate any discrepancies on the list d. ask client about any OTC meds she is taking

d. ask client about any OTC meds she is taking

To reduce polypharmacy in an older adult, the nurse should: a. give all medications to a family member instead of the patient. b. encourage the patient to refill all of his or her medications at one time. c. transmit prescriptions to the patient's pharmacy electronically. d. obtain a complete medication assessment with each patient encounter.

d. obtain a complete medication assessment with each patient encounter.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of BPH. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications? a. oxybutynin b. diphenhydramine c. ipratropium d. tamsulosin

d. tamsulosin

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the sleep cycles of an older adult client. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? a. the client is easily awakened during stage 4 of the sleep cycle b. there are 4 stages of REM sleep c. each sleep cycle lasts for about 45 min d. the client spends more time in lighter stages of sleep

d. the client spends more time in lighter stages of sleep a- older adult easily wakened during stages 1 and 2 of sleep cycle b- 4 stages of NREM sleep c- each sleep cycle lasts approx. 90 mins