Exam 2 Review

The resting potential of a neuron is

-70mV

Lamellated corpuscles (Pacinian corpuscles) are

Tactile receptors

A person suffering from ________ can see distant objects more clearly than those that are close.

Hyperopia

Which muscle(s) would produce a twisting of the upper body?

external and internal oblique muscles

Damage to the hypothalamus can result in

fluctuations in body temp

After death, rigor mortis lasts until

myofilaments are broken down

Nearsightedness is more properly called

myopia

The myelin sheaths that surround the axons of some of the neurons in the CNS are formed by

oligodendrocytes

Receptors in the ________ provide sensations of gravity and linear acceleration.

one of these: internal acoustic meatus vestibule cochlea auditory ossicles

Which of the following extrinsic eye muscles is responsible for enabling the eye to roll, look up, and look laterally?

one of these: superior oblique medial rectus inferior oblique inferior rectus

Nociceptors are sensitive to

pain

Opening of voltage-gated sodium channels in the membrane of a neuron results in

depolarization

Sensory receptors that monitor the position of joints are called

proprioceptors

The perception of pain coming from parts of the body that are not actually stimulated is called

referred pain

The ossicles connect the

tympanic membrane to the oval window

Place these steps of muscle contraction in the correct order.1. Action potential is generated along the sarcolemma2. Nerve impulse arrives at synapse3. Calcium is released into muscle cell cytoplasm4. Acetylcholine is produced5. Actin and myosin molecules continuously cross-link, with actin molecules being pulled inward

2,4,1,3,5

Identify the correct sequence of steps in the generation of an action potential.1. Activation of sodium channels and rapid depolarization2. Inactivation of sodium channels and activation of potassium channels3. Depolarization to threshold4. Closing of potassium channels

3,1,2,4

The difference in the action when comparing the biceps brachii to the flexor carpi radialis, is

One of these -one muscle flexes the hand at the wrist and the other flexes the entire forearm. -one muscle flexes the arm and the other extends the arm. -one moves the ulna and the other moves the radius. -one of these muscles is voluntary while the other is involuntary.

Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of slow fibers?

Resting slow muscle fibers contain oxygen reserves, bound to myoglobin.

The glial cells responsible for maintaining the blood-brain barrier are the

astrocytes

The brain and spinal cord comprise the

central nervous system

Structural Components of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber

identify the parts

Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during the ________ phase of contraction.

latent

The fading of a dominant odor sometime after one enters a room is an example of experiencing

sensory adaptation

Looking at the muscle name sternocleidomastoid, you would identify that this muscle is located in the area of the

neck

Which structure secretes melatonin?

pineal gland

Which of the following is a function of the efferent division of the nervous system?

sending signals to muscles

Which of the following is a primary taste sensation?

sweet

Which muscle extends the elbow during the action of push-ups?

triceps brachii

The branch of the cranial nerve that is responsible for monitoring changes in equilibrium is the ________ branch.

vestibular

Which of the following is part of the inner layer of the wall of the eye?

retina

The photoreceptors of the retina are called

rods and cones

The heart has to be able to regulate its contractions. Heart muscle, unlike skeletal muscle, cannot go into a tetanus. This is because

the heart muscle has to be able to consistently contract and pump blood in a controlled fashion

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is

smooth

Small phagocytic glial cells, which are derived from white blood cells, are called

microglia

The region of the brain that is involved in conscious thought and intellectual function as well as processing somatic sensory and motor information is the

cerebrum

The abducens nerve innervates which extrinsic eye muscle?

lateral rectus

The skeletal muscles store calcium ions in the terminal cisternae of the

sarcoplasmic reticulum

saltatory conduction

Rapid transmission of a nerve impulse along an axon, resulting from the action potential jumping from one node of Ranvier to another, skipping the myelin-sheathed regions of membrane.

The cranial nerve that has three branches is the

Trigeminal

Motor innervation of the muscles of facial expression is transmitted through which cranial nerve?

VII

Which neuroglial cells produce CSF in some regions of the brain?

ependymal

A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called

epimysium

The area between Z lines is the

sarcomere

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from

sarcoplasmic reticulum