Exam 2: Study Set for Chapter 4

What does culture mean?

A system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living

What is Confucianism?

A set of beliefs that improve your way of life that improves society and the government. Practiced mainly in china.

low uncertainty avoidance

According to Geert Hofstede's study, which of the following cultural dimensions would be characterized by a greater readiness to take risks and less emotional resistance to change?

Symbolic Behavior

An act as simple as shaking hands when meeting new people is an example of

Uncertainty Avoidance

Extent to which cultures socialize members to accept ambiguous situations and to tolerate uncertainty

Which of the following statements about the use of spoken language is true?

Most people prefer to converse in their own language rather than English.

Power Distance

The _____ dimension of Hofstede's study explores how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities.

Society

The term _____ refers to a group of people sharing a common set of values and norms.

Social Mobility

Which of the following refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born?

Folkways

_____ are social conventions concerning things such as the appropriate dress code in a particular situation, good social manners, eating with the correct utensils, neighborly behavior, and the like.

society

a group of people who share a common set of values and norms

What is a cross-cultural literacy?

an understanding of how cultural differences across and within nations can affect the way in which business is practiced

Cross-cultural literacy refers to

an understanding of how cultural differences can affect business.

Values

are abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable

Norms

are the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations

Ethnocentrism

belief in the superiority of one's own culture

Caste System

closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born; change is not usually possible during an individual's lifetime.

Class System

form of open social stratification; position a person has by birth can be changed through achievement or luck

A caste system differs from a class system because:

it is not possible for an individual to change his or her caste, while a class system allows people to change their class through individual achievement.

Under the mudarabah banking system, when an Islamic bank lends money to a business

it takes a share in the profits that are derived from the investment.

Mores

norms that are seen as central to the functioning of a society and to its social life

Folkways

the routine conventions of everyday life