Exam 3

Which of the following maintains environment of PNS neuron?

Satellite cells

Which of the following is responsible for myelin in PNS?

Schwann cells

Which of the following is the best definition of TEMPORAL summation?

Two stimuli firing at the same time in the same location

Which of the following is the best definition of SPATIAL summation?

Two stimuli from different locations firing at the same time

Which cells line the ventricles of the brain?

Ependymal cells

Think carefully: the potential of an axonal membrane is +40mV. Which gates are NOT open?

Na+ voltages gates

Which nervous system subdivision is composed of cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia?

Peripheral nervous system

The adrenal medullae secrete

both epinephrine and norepinephrine.

What part of the brain is responsible for the control of breathing and heart rates?

brain stem

Integration takes place where on a neuron?

cell body

What part of the brain is responsible for coordination of body movements?

cerebellum

What part of the brain is responsible for tasting?

cerebrum

When ions are allowed to move across a neural membrane - down a concentration gradient - it is called:

current

You've reached question 53 and your stomach is growling to remind you that you didn't eat lunch before this exam. Which receptor is MOST LIKELY sending you this information?

interoceptors

Which brain area is considered to be the headquarters of the ANS?

hypothalamus

What makes white matter white?

myelin

Which part of the brain is responsible for your sensation of the smell of dirty gym socks?

olfactory cortex

Which of the following is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

prosencephalon

When I finally get home after an injury, I head to the freezer to get some ice. On my way I step on something and my leg flinches away from the sensation. Turns out, I had stepped on my cat! Which level(s) of sensory integration is/are responsible for the flinch (before I realized it was a cat)?

A&B only (receptor, perceptual, circuit)

Which of the following is NOT a way that neurotransmitters are removed from the synaptic cleft?

Absorption by the postsynaptic neuron

Which of the following MAY disrupt functioning of the blood brain barrier?

All of the above Under-development at birth Trauma, ischemia, inflammation, pressure Hypertension, Infection

Whenever I meet a guy named Luke, I have to consciously suppress the urge to tell him to look within himself to discover that I am his father. Which part of my brain is bringing up this awesome Star Wars reference?

Association Areas

Which receptor type would sense how cheesy your Mac 'N Cheese really is?

Chemoreceptors

____ are ridges on the surface of the brain, whereas _____ are the grooves.

Gyri; Sulci

If a presynaptic neuron's signal HYPERPOLARIZES the postsynaptic neuron, it is considered a/an:

Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential

The blood-brain barrier would stop which of the following from entering neurons?

Metabolic wastes such as urea

The brain stem consists of the ________.

Midbrain, medulla, and pons

Multiple sclerosis is a disease associated with disruption of:

Myelin sheath structure

The neural tissue is isolated from the general circulation by the

blood-brain barrier

Autonomic motor neurons

conduct impulses to smooth and cardiac muscles and glands.

Which of the following is improperly paired?

diencephalon — becomes the ventricle

The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state(s)?

digestion

Parasympathetic functions include all of the following except dilation of the airways. reduction in the rate of cardiac contraction. stimulation of urination. stimulation of defecation. constriction of the pupils.

dilation of airways

You place your hand over a fire...which neurons are responsible for telling your muscles to move your hand out of the way?

efferent fibers

Which of the following is the most likely to be ciliated?

ependymal cells

Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are perceived by ________.

exteroceptors

If the effect of one neuron on another is excitatory, but is not sufficient to trigger an action potential, the resulting excitatory state is called:

fascilitation

Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________.

ganglia

When the electrical charge outside of a neuron's membrane is different from that inside of the cell, the membrane is said to be:

hyperpolarized

Resting axons are negatively charged primarily due to the presence of:

large proteins

What part of the brain is responsible for learning and memory?

limbic system

The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system is known as the "rest and digest" division.

parasympathetic

Conscious interpretation of your surroundings is called:

perception

Which of the following visceral reflexes is not coordinated by the medulla oblongata?

pupillary reflex

An action potential conducted along a myelinated axon is moving via:

saltatory propagation

All of the following are visceral effectors except

skeletal receptors

The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles.

somatic

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the

thalamus

Which receptor type would sense the sun's warmth on your skin?

thermoreceptors

The statement "It controls the diameter of the pupil" is

true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

Which of the following contains fibers that could tell my muscles to contract?

ventral root

________ are chambers within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid.

ventricles

Neurotransmitter for release is stored in synaptic

vesicles

Which of the following is NOT a lobe of the cerebrum?

zygomatic