Exam 3

Methane versus carbon dioxide are very important greenhouse gases. However, methane can retain and release about ____ times more heat than carbon dioxide.

30

Which of the following describes the aerobic pathway?

Cellular respiration is an aerobic pathway.

Who was the first person to introduce a type of fitness tracker in the United States?

Thomas Jefferson

Negative feedback is

a mechanism used to maintain homeostasis, a response that brings the body back to a set point, and composed of a stimulus, sensor, control center, and an effect.

Fires and volcanic activity are natural events that produce _____.

carbon dioxide

Coal is a fossil fuel that results from pressure being exerted on plant and animal decay for millions of years. Oil and natural gas are also fossil fuels except they

formed from microscopic plants and animals

A carbon atom can form a max of up to _______ bonds with other atoms.

four

The respiratory system plays a major role in homeostasis by regulating

gas exchange between the internal body and the external environment

Carbon cycles naturally between

geologic and atmospheric reservoirs and living organisms

Which source of alternative energy relies on heated water close the Earth's surface and is used to supply 90% of the electricity needs in Iceland?

geothermal

On the underside of the Fitbit smartwatch, there are two green lights that blink when the watch is moved. What are these green lights designed to measure?

heart rate

One way to remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

is through reforestation

Which of the following is a vector for malaria?

mosquitos

Which of the following sources of alternative energy involves using uranium or other materials to split the nucleus of an atom?

nuclear energy

In America, less than half of the adults are getting the minimal amount of physical activity recommended per day. Due to the lack of exercise, these individuals are increasing their chances of developing __________.

obesity, heart disease, and certain forms of cancer

Carbon sinks are reservoirs that hold large amounts of carbon. Which of the following are considered to be carbon sinks?

oceans, fossil fuels underground, and the atmosphere

Which of the following is an alternative energy source?

solar power

In homeostasis, which organ system's central role is to remove liquid wastes and detoxification of chemicals?

urinary system

The use of fertilizers contributes to which greenhouse gas to the atmosphere?

nitrous oxides

Lionfish have been introduced to the Caribbean where they are not native and have impacted the natural food chain. This is an example of a negative impact at the

community level

In the carbon cycle, the process of photosynthesis ______ atmospheric CO2, and cellular respiration ______ atmospheric CO2.

consumes; produces

Which of the following is not a fundamental characteristic of life?

contain chloroplasts

Which sleep waves are present during deep sleep?

delta

Which of the following digestive system organs absorbs nutrients into the blood?

small intestine

The skeletal system

stores calcium, protects organs, and aids movement.

Different types of exercise affect the muscular system differently. Weight lifting promotes ______, while long-distance running promotes ______.

strength, stamina

The light reactions of photosynthesis occur within the ______ of the chloroplast and the Calvin cycle reactions occur within the ______ of the chloroplast.

thylakoid; stroma

The categories epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous describe the four types of __________.

tissues

For a blood pressure reading of 119/78, what category would it fall under?

healthy

Even though there are alternate energy sources, fossil fuels are used for approximately ______ of the United States energy needs.

80%

When it comes to the carbon footprint, because of its required usage of land, ______ is the most costly food source.

beef

The worldwide increase in average surface temperatures of Earth is called __________.

global warming

______ is a product of photosynthesis and is a carbon-based molecule that is the chief source of energy for most organisms.

glucose (sugar)

During deep sleep

metabolic waste is removed from the brain.

Water is an important component of _______, which is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body.

metabolism

If an adult consistently has less than 7 hours of sleep a night, they may experience

moodiness, memory issues, and a lack of coordination

Which of the following describes an investigation performed by ecologists interested in studying the biosphere?

A study measuring the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace gases in the atmosphere over different seasons

Which of the following statements correctly explains the greenhouse effect?

Greenhouse gases absorb infrared radiation emitted by the planet's surface. This trapped heat energy is released slowly back into the atmosphere.

Which of the following are basic sensors found on a Fitbit smart watch?

Pure Pulse, Barometer, and Smart Track

There are three stages of sleep. Which stage corresponds with most dreaming?

REM

Scientists studying global warming have noted an unusual trend in carbon dioxide level. Which of the following statements explains the trend of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

The rise in carbon dioxide levels have occurred relatively rapidly.

Which part of solar energy is important in photosynthesis?

The visible light spectrum

If a person increases their exercise to 150 minutes per week, they would expect to experience a(n)

increase in deep sleep, a lower resting heart rate, and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease

As climate change continues, which of the following is likely to occur?

vectors will expand their ranges, the number of invasive species will increase, and more plants and animals will go extinct.

The most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is

water vapor

Which of the following terms, encompasses all the others?

climate change

The recommended amount of exercise is __________.

150 minutes per week

Which of the following correctly describes the body mass index (BMI)?

An estimate of body fat based on height and weight

As global temperatures increase, which of the following scenarios are most likely to happen?

Glaciers and snow coverage decrease

Which statement below best summarizes the overall purpose of the light-dependent reactions?

The light-dependent reactions capture the energy from the sun and transfer it to high-energy molecules

Which of the following is controlled by a negative feedback mechanism in the body?

blood pH, body temperature, and blood glucose

In a blood pressure reading of 119/78, which number would represent the pressure in the arteries during the time the ventricles are relaxed?

bottom number (78)

Which of the following is a stimulant and would cause a delay of drowsiness?

caffine

__________ is a unit of energy used in nutrition to determine the amount of energy needed to raise one gram of water one degree Celsius.

calorie

The measure of the impact on climate change by a person or a company is known as their

carbon footprint

Which of the following can function as an individual unit, but when combined can form complex structures?

cells

There are two different paths for blood to travel throughout the body. The ______ circuit carries blood to and away from organ systems, and the ______ circuit carries blood to and from the lungs.

systemic, pulmonary

In which of the following BMI ranges would you place a person of healthy weight?

18.5 - 24.9

On average, a person with heart disease loses ______ years of their life

16