Exam 3 - Chs 12, 15, 17, 18

George gets along well with most people in the team. He is good at his job but needs to be reassured once in a while. Another of George's traits is that he is always trying to keep everyone happy. George can be described as a(n) __________ personality. A. Feeling B. Sensing C. Introverted D. Intuitive

A. Feeling

Benchmarks for a company must be created based on the previous performance of the company. A. True B. False

B. False

Charisma is the ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, attractive vision of the future for any organization or organizational unit that grows out of and improves on the present. A. True B. False

B. False

Derek heads a team of ten research analysts in Deutsche Bank. even though he is least impressed with Cara among all his subordinates, when asked about her work he chose to focus on her strengths rather than her weaknesses. Derek can be described as a task-oriented leader. A. True B. False

B. False

Feedforward control takes place while a work activity is in progress. A. True B. False

B. False

Organizational behavior is concerned only with group interactions. A. True B. False

B. False

The dimension of trust that is used to describe honesty and truthfulness is __________. A. Loyalty B. Competence C. Integrity D. Consistency

C. Integrity

Which of the following steps in the human resource management process identifies and selects competent employees? A. Compensation and benefits B. Planning and performance management C. Orientation and training D. Human resource planning and recruitment

D. Human resource planning and recruitment

__________ is measured by the costs of acquiring and transforming organizational resources into outputs. A. Profit B. Quality C. Leverage D. Input

D. Input

The ________ ratios measure an organization's ability to meet its current debt obligations. A. Leverage B. Activity C. Profitability D. Liquidity

D. Liquidity

Because Quentin is the only male worker in a group of women, other male employees have made jokes about his gender identity. The jokes have affected Quentin's motivation to work and he is absent from often. This situation may constitute _________. A. Protected free speech B. Hostile environment sexual harassment C. Normal workplace activity D. Unwelcome sexual advances

B. Hostile environment sexual harassment

Which of the following is a technology-based training method? A. Videoconferencing/teleconferencing B. Workbooks/manuals C. Experiential exercises D. Classroom lectures

A. Videoconferencing/teleconferencing

_________ are groups of nominated or elected employees who must be consulted when management makes decisions involving personnel. A. Work councils B. Advisory boards C. Labor unions D. Board representatives

A. Work councils

Fiedler's dimension termed _________ is the degree of confidence, trust, and respect subordinates have for their leader. A. Positive power B. Leader-member relations C. Task structure D. Leader-member exchange

B. Leader-member relations

At the end of every month, the accounting department submits a balance sheet, statement of profit and loss, and cash flow statement to the senior management team. These are all _____________. A. Written reports B. Personal observations C. Statistical reports D. Oral reports

A. Written reports

Alex was classified as an achievement oriented leader by his team. Which of the following would describe Alex's leadership style best? A. He shows concern for the needs of his subordinate and is friendly B. He sets challenging goals and expects subordinates to perform at their highest level C. He consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions before making a decision D. He lets subordinates know what's expected of them, schedules work to be done, and gives specific guidance on how to accomplish tasks

B. He sets challenging goals and expects subordinates to perform at their highest level

John received a raise as a result of his last performance appraisal. He is active on three teams and is given authority to make decisions regarding his job responsibilities. John's employer is using ____________. A. Human resource planning B. High-performance work practices C. Realistic job previews D. High-performance recruiting practices

B. High-performance work practices

The most dominant component of credibility is __________. A. Authority B. Honesty C. Status D. Expertise

B. Honesty

Kay is the supervisor that the employees go to for general decisions. Kay holds _________ power. A. Reward B. Legitimate C. Expert D. Coercive

B. Legitimate

Which of the following is the type of power a person has because of his or her position in the formal organizational hierarchy? A. Expert power B. Legitimate power C. Coercive power D. Reward power

B. Legitimate power

Which of the following ratios examines the organization's use of debt to finance its assets and its ability to meet the interest payments on the debt? A. Profitability B. Leverage ratios C. Activity ratios D. Liquidity ratios

B. Leverage ratios

Countours, Inc., knows each drill bit can cut approximately 100,000 holes before the hole size is smaller than the print specification so it changes drill bits after 95,000 uses. Countours, Inc., is using _________ control. A. Preventive B. Feedforward C. Concurrent D. Predictive

B. Feedforward

Bernard expects his employees to "check their brains at the door." He does all the thinking, makes all the decisions, and issues commands to his subordinates. Bernard uses the _____ style of leadership. A. Laissez-faire B. Democratic C. Autocratic D. Authoritarian

C. Autocratic

The _______ model proposed that effective group performance depended upon the proper match between the leader's style of interacting with his or her followers and the degree to which the situation allowed the leader to control and influence. A. Situational leadership B. Fiedler contingency C. University of Michigan D. Path-goal

B. Fiedler contingency

Fiedler assumed a person's leadership style was ________. A. Democratic B. Fixed C. Relatively flexible D. Contingent upon the situation

B. Fixed

Which of the following managerial styles will Gen Y workers approve of and respond to? A. Paternal B. Flexible C. Dictatorial D. Authoritarian

B. Flexible

Underestimating the influence of external factors and overestimating the influence of internal factors when making judgments about others is known as the ___________. A. Locus of control error B. Fundamental attribution error C. Self-serving bias D. Halo effect

B. Fundamental attribution error

The earthquake/tsunami which hit Japan in March of 2011 highlights the contemporary need to design organizational controls for __________. A. Workplace safety B. Global turmoil and disasters C. Workplace privacy D. Cross-cultural differences

B. Global turmoil and disasters

The ________ method of performance appraisal allows the evaluator to rate employees on an incremental scale. A. Multiperson comparison B. Graphic rating scale C. Behaviorally anchored rating scale D. Management by objective

B. Graphic rating scale

To help survivors of downsizing cope with the stress, managers provide __________. A. Employee counseling B. Job search assistance C. Outplacement assistance D. Severance pay

A. Employee counseling

Juan is the person employees go to when knowledge of a topic was needed. Juan holds ________ power. A. Expert B. Referent C. Reward D. Legitimate

A. Expert

Summer day camps and job sharing are types of family-friendly benefits that organizations are offering today. A. True B. False

A. True

The balanced scorecard approach evaluates organizational performance from more than just the financial perspective. A. True B. False

A. True

The least-preferred coworker questionnaire measure whether a leader is task or relationship oriented. A. True B. False

A. True

The managerial grid only provides a framework for conceptualizing leadership style A. True B. False

A. True

The toddler knew if he held his breath his parents would yield to his demands. But this time they returned to their newspapers and gave the child no further notice. These parents were engaging in __________. A. Extinction B. Positive reinforcement C. Negative reinforcement D. Punishment

A. Extinction

Helen investigates an incident involving a shooting in her workplace. She wants to take measures to control its effects. By doing this she is exerting _________ control over the incident. A. Feedback B. Concurrent C. Feedforward D. Reactive

A. Feedback

Which of the following is considered the most desirable type of control to prevent anticipated problems? A. Feedforward control B. Feedback control C. Reactive control D. Concurrent control

A. Feedforward control

Trust is the belief in the integrity, character, and ability of a leader. A. True B. False

A. True

Sam, a human resources manager, who wants to let potential candidates know about the minimum qualifications that they should possess in order to successfully perform the jobs they have applied for. What should he do? A. He should create a job specification B. He should perform a job satisfaction survey C. He should create a job description D. He should perform a job analysis

A. He should create a job specification

Written essay and critical incident are performance appraisal methods. A. True B. False

A. True

People in the accounting department generally arrive 15 minutes early. So does Valerie, who is late today. This situation shows __________. A. High consensus B. Low consistency C. High consistency D. Low consensus

A. High consensus

If you like yourself, then your personality would be described as having __________. A. High self-esteem B. A high Machiavellianism score C. An internal locus of control D. An external locus of control

A. High self-esteem

The goals of organizational behavioral can be stated as: If you can explain it, you can predict it. If you can predict it, you can influence it. A. True B. False

A. True

According to the University of Iowa behavioral studies, group members' satisfaction levels were generally _________. A. Higher under a democratic leader than under an autocratic one B. Improved when the leader was production oriented C. Higher under a supportive leader in the long run D. Maintained when the leader was directive in the short run

A. Higher under a democratic leader than under an autocratic one

Corporate governance ___________. A. Is a system used to govern a corporation so that the interests of corporate owners are protected B. Refers to the compliance of the company to applicable laws and regulations C. Refers to executive governance practices in companies D. Is a term that refers to legal agreements made between two or more partner firms

A. Is a system used to govern a corporation so that the interests of corporate owners are protected

The influence that models have on an individual is partially determined by attentional processes. A. True B. False

A. True

High-performance work practices involve a commitment by management to improve the knowledge, skills, and abilities of the organization's employees, increasing employee motivation, and enhancing the retention of quality employees. A. True B. False

A. True

Individuals with low self-esteem are more susceptible to external influence than are people with high self-esteem. A. True B. False

A. True

Job uncertainties and employee stress are factors that contribute to workplace violence. A. True B. False

A. True

Sarah, the floor supervisor, seems to be a different person depending on whom she is with and what the situation demands. She has the ability to adjust her behavior as and when required. This indicates that she ____________. A. Is high in self-monitoring B. Has a high need for affiliation C. Is low on Machiavellianism D. Has low self-esteem

A. Is high in self-monitoring

Downsizing is the planned elimination of __________ in an organization. A. Jobs B. Departments C. Cross-functional teams D. Managerial hierarchy

A. Jobs

Managers should do nothing if the variance observed from the standard is acceptable. A. True B. False

A. True

Joan needs to eliminate some employees for a short while. She and her managers identify those employees who are not meeting performance expectations and explain that this termination is temporary but they are encouraged to seek other positions elsewhere. How is Jane trying to reduce the size of the workforce here? A. Layoffs B. Early retirements C. Reduced workweeks D. Firing

A. Layoffs

Wayne hosts are his first regional sales meeting. During which he meets individually with his employees and shows them a chart of their sales numbers for each month compared to their budgeted quota for the year to date. Additionally, Wayne and each employee set mutually agreed-upon budget goals for the remaining six months of the fiscal year. Wade is utilizing the ___________ method of performance appraisal. A. MBO B. BARS C. Multiperson comparison D. Critical incident

A. MBO

Conner interacts directly with the employees in the work area to identify problem areas. He works with various departments to obtain a holistic idea of the business. This type of direct supervision is an example of ________ control. A. Management by walking around B. Feedback C. Preventive D. Proactive

A. Management by walking around

Most employees do their jobs well and never require disciplinary action. A. True B. False

A. True

Every March, Bill, who owns and operates a small retail shop, takes a large box of receipts and invoices to his accountant so the accountant can file Bill's taxes in April. Only then does Bill know if his business has been profitable. Bill could benefit from a(n) ________. A. Management information system B. Concurrent control system C. Balanced scorecard system D. Inventory control system

A. Management information system

Each day Ted's smartphone receives a training video about another aspect of his job. Ted can access these at his leisure and is required to take a quiz to confirm he has watched them. This system of delivering training content is called _________. A. Mobile learning B. Experiential exercises C. Videoconferencing D. E-learning

A. Mobile learning

During an economic recession, ___________. A. More qualified candidates are available to fill fewer open positions B. Candidates expect better benefits and pensions C. Candidates face less competition for open positions D. Human resources managers find it more difficult to replace employees

A. More qualified candidates are available to fill fewer open positions

Robert House assumed that leaders can change leadership styles depending on the situation. A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following is true of the government legislations related to human resource management in different countries? A. Canadian laws prohibit discrimination on the basis of language in all parts of the country except Quebec B. Unlike the rest of Europe, legislation in Germany does not require companies to practice representative participation C. Australian anti-discrimination laws were passed before those in the United States D. Under Mexican law, managers must review new employees' performance after 60 days

A. Canadian laws prohibit discrimination on the basis of language in all parts of the country except Quebec

Tamera is the person employees go to when disciplinary action is necessary. Tamera holds ________ power. A. Coercive B. Reward C. Legitimate D. Expert

A. Coercive

The three components that make up an attitude are __________ components. A. Cognitive, affective, and behavioral B. Active, behavioral, and adjustable C. Intentional, reactive, and adjustable D. Emotional, creative, and environmental

A. Cognitive, affective, and behavioral

___________ as a source of recruitment is limited to entry-level positions. A. College recruiting B. The Internet C. Professional recruiting organizations D. Employee referrals

A. College recruiting

According to the path-goal theory, a leader who lets subordinates know what's expected of them, schedules work to be done, and gives specific guidance as to how to accomplish tasks is termed __________. A. Directive B. Participative C. Supportive D. Achievement oriented

A. Directive

Deviations that exceed the acceptable range of variation become significant and need a manager's attention. A. True B. False

A. True

The ___________ method utilizes feedback from supervisors, employees, and coworkers. A. 360-degree appraisal B. Critical incident C. Graphic rating scale D. Multiperson comparison

A. 360-degree appraisal

According to the path-goal model, when Hannah meets with the employees to establish challenging goals and expectations for the next financial year, she displays which of the following leadership styles? A. Achievement-oriented B. Democratic C. Task-oriented D. Production-oriented

A. Achievement-oriented

Lately, Farrah has been setting challenging goals and expecting subordinates to perform at their highest level. According to the path-goal model, she is acting as a _____ leader. A. Achievement-oriented B. High task C. Production-oriented D. High structure

A. Achievement-oriented

People with high self-esteem ________. A. Are more likely to take unpopular stands B. Are more prone to conform to the beliefs of those they respect C. Are more likely to seek approval from others D. Are more susceptible to external influence

A. Are more likely to take unpopular stands

James is a very hard-working person and has just been promoted to the managerial ranks. His managerial style is to be flexible and understanding and not boss over his employees too much. He believes that people who are hardworking will always make sure that the work gets done on time. Even when he is out of office, he supposes that his subordinates are working diligently because he works diligently most of the time. James's perceptions of his employees are based on __________. A. Assumed similarity B. Stereotyping C. Halo effect D. Selective perception

A. Assumed similarity

The ________ approach to performance measurement was introduced as a way to evaluate organization performance from more than just the financial perspective. A. Balanced scorecard B. Market value C. Income statement D. Balance sheet

A. Balanced scorecard

Which of the following is a feedforward control measure to prevent employee theft? A. Employee assistance programs to help employees with behavioral problems B. Use of quick and decisive managerial intervention during the incident C. Open communication about incidences about what's being done D. Thorough investigation of the incident by an external agency

A. Employee assistance programs to help employees with behavioral problems

What is a key point of Holland's theory? A. People in job environments compatible with their personality types should be more satisfied B. There are no intrinsic differences in personality among individuals C. All jobs are relatively the same, it is personality types that differ D. Employee turnover is highest when personality and occupation are compatible

A. People in job environments compatible with their personality types should be more satisfied

If your boss could be described as flexible, adaptable, and tolerant, he or she would probably score high on which of the following aspects of the MBTI? A. Perceiving B. Feeling C. Sensing D. Extraversion

A. Perceiving

If Victoria asks some employees to share jobs or perform their jobs on a part-time basis, she would be ____________. A. Reducing the workweeks B. Encouraging early retirements C. Firing employees D. Encouraging layoffs

A. Reducing the workweeks

Errors made by eliminating candidates who would have performed successfully on the job are known as __________. A. Reject errors B. Admission errors C. Accept errors D. Omission errors

A. Reject errors

The _________ selection device indicates that the device measures the same thing consistently. A. Reliable B. Valid C. Potent D. Subjective

A. Reliable

The influence of models depends on how well an individual remembers the model's behavior. This refers to the individual's __________. A. Retention process B. Attentional process C. Motor reproduction process D. Reinforcement process

A. Retention process

Sam is the manager at a department store. He has 20 employees working under him who are mostly unhappy and discontented with the way he threatens them for even minor errors. Which of the following statements is likely to be true to Sam? A. Sam is using coercive power to get the job done B. Sam is using referent power to get the job done C. Sam is a telling leader D. Sam is a transactional leader

A. Sam is using coercive power to get the job done

___________ is a personality trait that measures an individual's ability to adjust his or her behavior according to external situational factors. A. Self-monitoring B. Self-management C. Self-awareness D. Self-esteem

A. Self-monitoring

___________ is the tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors such as ability or effort while putting the blame for personal failure on external factors such as luck. A. Self-serving bias B. Stereotyping C. Locus of control error D. Fundamental attribution error

A. Self-serving bias

Sandy is very good at precise work. He does not tire of repetitive work as easily as some of the others. However, when faced with a new problem that requires an innovative solution, his performance is not satisfactory. Sandy's personality is likely to be classified as a(n) __________ type. A. Sensing B. Feeling C. Intuitive D. Introvert

A. Sensing

When a manager molds an individual's behavior by guiding his or her learning in graduated steps, he is using _________. A. Shaping processes B. Retention processes C. Programmed learning D. Motor reproduction processes

A. Shaping processes

Chuck manages the front-end crew at a fast food restaurant. For most of his crew, this is their first job so they have very few job skills but also seem reluctant to perform. In this situation, chuck should use the _________ style. A. Telling B. Selling C. Participating D. Delegating

A. Telling

According to the path-goal theory, employee performance and leadership style are likely to be positively related when _________. A. The leadership style compensates for shortcomings in either the employee or the work setting B. The leader adopts a directive style when the tasks are clear and the employee has the experience and the ability to handle them C. The leader adopts a directive style of leadership with followers who have an internal locus of control D. The leader displays directive behavior at all times

A. The leadership style compensates for shortcomings in either the employee or the work setting

In which of the following traditional training methods are employees made to work to different jobs in a particular area in order to get exposure to a variety of tasks? A. Training by job rotation B. Mentoring C. Coaching D. On-the-job training

A. Training by job rotation

A leader, such as Bill Gates of Microsoft, who can inspire followers above their own self-interests and can have a profound effect on their performance, is known as a(n) _________. A. Transformational leader B. Directive leader C. Informational leader D. Transactional leader

A. Transformational leader

A charismatic leader is likely seen as being self-confident and influential. A. True B. False

A. True

A person who rates as being high in Machiavellianism would use any means to accomplish a task. A. True B. False

A. True

A service profit chain is the service sequence from employees to customers to profit. A. True B. False

A. True

A vision should offer clear and compelling imagery that taps into people's emotions and inspires enthusiasm to pursue the organization's goals. A. True B. False

A. True

According to Fiedler's research, task-oriented leaders tended to perform better in situations that are very favorable to them and in situations that were very unfavorable. A. True B. False

A. True

Affirmative action programs help ensure that decisions and practices enhance the employment, upgrading, and retention of members from protected groups such as minorities and females. A. True B. False

A. True

Both positive and negative reinforcement result in learning. A. True B. False

A. True

Controlling is the process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance. A. True B. False

A. True

Credibility is the degree to which followers perceive someone as honest, competent, and able to inspire. A. True B. False

A. True

Despite the best efforts of researchers, it proved impossible to identify one set of traits that would always differentiate leaders from nonleaders. A. True B. False

A. True

An organization communicates openly to its employees about violent incidences in the workplace and what's being done to handle them. This is an example of a ___________ control strategy. A. Reactive B. Feedback C. Feedforward D. Concurrent

B. Feedback

Basic corrective action corrects problems at once to get performance back on track. A. True B. False

B. False

Giving negative information about the organization to prospective candidates is not a good idea because it puts the company in bad light. A. True B. False

B. False

In the Big Five Model, emotional security was found to be positively related to job performance. A. True B. False

B. False

Managers should not consider the standards when measuring the actual performance of employees. A. True B. False

B. False

People who prefer integration are more likely to respond positively to options such as flextime and part-time hours. A. True B. False

B. False

Productivity decreases when an organization raises the prices of its products. A. True B. False

B. False

Reward power is the power that arises because of a person's desirable resources or personal traits. A. True B. False

B. False

Variable pay systems reward employees for the job skills and competencies they can demonstrate. A. True B. False

B. False

When we make judgments about the behavior of other people, we tend to underestimate the influence fo external factors and to overestimate the influence of internal factors. This tendency is called the self-serving bias. A. True B. False

B. False

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 p.m. and is scary to drive on, so I'll wait until 7 p.m. to go home," the word "scary" represents which component of an attitude? A. Cognitive B. Affective C. Practical D. Behavioral

B. Affective

In the Big Five Model of personality, ___________ refers to the degree to which someone is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting. A. Conscientiousness B. Agreeableness C. Extraversion D. Emotional stability

B. Agreeableness

When someone chooses to act in a certain way, she is demonstrating the _______ component of her attitude. A. Practices B. Behavioral C. Affective D. Cognitive

B. Behavioral

The top management of the company asks Earl to make use of a rating scale that will rate the employees' actual job behaviors. The managers are asking Steve to use a _________. A. Graphic rating scale B. Behaviorally anchored rating scale C. Management by objective method D. 360-degree feedback

B. Behaviorally anchored rating scale

If everyone who's faced with a similar situation responds in the same way, we can say the behavior shows ___________. A. Reliability B. Concensus C. Internal attribution D. Consistency

B. Concensus

Raw, unanalyzed facts are called ______________. A. Database B. Data C. Factoids D. Information

B. Data

Eliminating any reinforcement that's maintaining an undesirable behavior is called ___________. A. Extraction B. Extinction C. Penalizing D. Punishment

B. Extinction

The Big Five Model of personality includes________. A. Judgement B. Extraversion C. Intuition D. Perception

B. Extraversion The Big Five Model: openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism

According to the University of Michigan studies, leaders who are production oriented are described as emphasizing interpersonal relationships and as taking a personal interest in the needs of their followers. A. True B. False

B. False

Activity ratios measure an organization's ability to meet its current debt obligations. A. True B. False

B. False

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act called for _____________. A. Increased pollution control measures from the government B. More disclosure and transparency of corporate financial information C. More social contribution from companies in the United States D. Limited accountability of directors and executives of corporates

B. More disclosure and transparency of corporate financial information

After watching a behavior in a social learning situation, a person can demonstrate learning by performing the behavior. This is known as learning by _________. A. Attention B. Motor reproduction C. Reinforcement D. Retention

B. Motor reproduction

"Any additional violations of company policy will result in escalating disciplinary action up to and including termination." This statement found on many corrective action forms, is an example of ___________. A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement C. Extinction D. Punishment

B. Negative reinforcement

__________ is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory impressions to give meaning to the environment. A. Cognition B. Perception C. Attribution D. Selection

B. Perception

Statco, Inc., has struggled to meet projected revenues for each of the past ten quarters. The firm hired Mark Adams to design a control system and offer suggestions to improve the firm's performance. Which of the following is a key activity that the proposed control system should perform? A. Organizational structuring B. Performance measurement C. Corporate governance D. Organizational planning

B. Performance measurement

The control process assumes that ____________. A. Managers will be aware of the actions and activities of their employees B. Performance standards are already in place C. Employee monitoring costs are part and parcel of doing business D. Feedback is the only way to improve performance

B. Performance standards are already in place

The plant superintendent wants to know the value of products per man hour. She is concerned with _________. A. Profits B. Productivity C. Waste D. Costs

B. Productivity

She was only three but already had a temper. Her favorite outburst was to stomp her foot. So her mother made her stomp and stomp and stomp until there was no more stomping left in her. This mother was using ________ to alter her daughter's behavior. A. Negative reinforcement B. Punishment C. Extinction D. Positive reinforcement

B. Punishment

Marsha is the manager at a bank, with 30 employees reporting to her. Many of her staff are extremely impressed with the way she handles her work and the people at the bank. They take pride in being associated with her team. She is not only fair and understanding, but ensures that the deserving employees are compensated well. Which two sources of power does Marsha use in this example? A. Referent and coercive power B. Reward and referent power C. Expert and reward power D. Referent and expert power

B. Reward and referent power

Which of the following leadership styles describes a leader who provides both directive and supportive behavior? A. Telling B. Selling C. Participating D. Delegating

B. Selling

Larry is in charge of recruitment for entry-level positions at Merlin Infosystems. He believes that job interviews should include a realistic job preview. Which of the following is Larry likely to do during job interviews? A. Explain all the positive points, including the flexible nature of work B. Tell the employee about possible overtime C. Promise a vibrant, fun work culture at the office D. Over-embellish the growth opportunities for employees

B. Tell the employee about possible overtime

According to Hersey and Blanchard, a high task-low relationship situation calls for the __________ leadership style. A. Selling B. Telling C. Participating D. Delegating

B. Telling

Which of the following Acts prohibits discrimination on the basis of physical or mental disabilities? A. Occupational Safety and Health Act B. Vocational Rehabilitation Act C. Civil Rights Act, Title VII D. Equal Pay Act

B. Vocational Rehabilitation Act

The managerial grid used the behavioral dimensions "concern for people" and ___________ and evaluated a leader's use of these behaviors, ranking them on a scale from 1 (low) to 9 (high). A. "concern for profit" B. "concern for environment" C. "concern for production" D. "concern for integrity"

C. "concern for production"

Which of the following is a trend that will affect HRM practices in the future? A. Working women will represent a shrinking segment of the workforce B. Asians will represent 24% of the workforce C. Baby boomers will represent the largest segment of the workforce D. Hispanics are the fastest-growing segment of the workforce

C. Baby boomers will represent the largest segment of the workforce

Shaun is the manager of a warehouse operated by a department store. He is trusted by his subordinates because he shares information freely, is reliable, and shows extremely good judgment while handling any type of crisis. Shaun is also known to be very protective of his staff. Which dimensions of trust is he exhibiting? A. Loyalty, consistency, and competence B. Integrity and loyalty C. Consistency, loyalty, and openness D. Competence and openness

C. Consistency, loyalty, and openness

Which of the following is a type of general training provided by organizations? A. Basic life-work skills B. Managing change C. Customer service D. Customer education

C. Customer service

One general conclusion that surfaces from leadership research is that ___________. A. National culture is one situational variable which in reality has a limited impact on leadership style B. Women usually make better transactional leaders than men C. Effective leaders do not use any single style D. Managers always make good team leaders

C. Effective leaders do not use any single style

Fraudulent filing of expense reports is an example of __________. A. Privacy intrusion B. Workplace violence C. Employee theft D. Workplace piracy

C. Employee theft

Which of the following training methods involves employees participating in role-playing, simulations, or other face-to-face types of training? A. Job rotation B. On-the-job training C. Experiential exercises D. Mentoring and coaching

C. Experiential exercises

Your firm's attorney has _________ power when giving legal advice. A. Coercive B. Status C. Expert D. Legitimate

C. Expert

A person who believes that what happens to him is due to luck or chance is said to have a(n) __________. A. Self-monitoring personality B. Machiavellian personality C. External locus of control D. Internal locus of control

C. External locus of control

Donald discovers major flaws in the packaging department. He consults the production manager and formulates control measures to improve packaging. Here, Donald is using the ________ control. A. Concurrent B. Reactive C. Feedback D. Feedforward

C. Feedback

An organization hires additional personnel as soon as they get a major contract. The organization is using __________ control. A. Concurrent B. Feedback C. Feedforward D. Management

C. Feedforward

As a manager, if you prefer to have a harmonious work environment and dislike reprimanding your subordinates, you would probably score high on the _________ aspect of the MBTI. A. Thinking B. Perception C. Feeling D. Intuition

C. Feeling

Early research on leadership traits ___________. A. Focused on behavioral traits rather than physical traits of a leader B. Found consistent and unique traits that would apply to all effective leaders C. Focused on characteristics that might differentiate leaders from nonleaders D. Sought to prove that charisma was an essential trait of leadership

C. Focused on characteristics that might differentiate leaders from nonleaders

"No, James, you must start the timer after you lower the French fry basket into the fryer, not before." This supervisor is using __________. A. Disciplinary action B. Delayed corrective action C. Immediate corrective action D. Basic corrective action

C. Immediate corrective action

According to the Ohio State studies, _________ refers to the extent to which a leader is likely to define and shape his or her role and the roles of group members in the search for goal attainment. A. Consideration B. People orientation C. Initiating structure D. Production orientation

C. Initiating structure

If you believe that you control your own destiny, which of the following personality traits are you likely to possess? A. High self-esteem B. Risk aversion C. Internal locus of control D. External locus of control

C. Internal locus of control

Which of the following is true of high-performance work practices? A. It involves well-structured job responsibilities as opposed to flexible assignments B. In spite of its many benefits, research indicated that there is no direct link between high-performance work practices and a firm's market value C. It encourages extensive employee involvement and greater employee control on decision making D. It is easier to implement in organizations with centralized structures

C. It encourages extensive employee involvement and greater employee control on decision making

For which of the following is a subjective measure most appropriate? A. Reduction of waste in a manufacturing process B. Degree of improvement in closing sales in a real estate brokerage C. Level of satisfaction fo patient care in a hospital D. Quality of a water supply

C. Level of satisfaction fo patient care in a hospital

An individual who is high in __________ is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means. A. Self-monitoring B. Self-esteem C. Machiavellianism D. Risk taking

C. Machiavellianism

__________ is when a manager in the work area interacts directly with employees to maintain supervision. A. Feedforward control B. Preventive maintenance C. Management by walking around D. Reactive control

C. Management by walking around

Frank believes organizational effectiveness is more important to the organization than organizational productivity. What could be the rationale behind this belief? A. Organizational effectiveness is a quantitative measure of the input-output relationship B. Organizational productivity is not a measure of organizational performance C. Organizational effectiveness is a measure of how well the organizational goals are met D. Organizational productivity is not directly related to organizational output

C. Organizational effectiveness is a measure of how well the organizational goals are met

Jeremy is not in the habit of deciding everything on his own. He involves his team in the decision-making process as much as possible. He believes in communicating clearly and is always ready to help his team to get the best out of them. Jeremy's leadership style will be classified as which of the following? A. Telling B. Selling C. Participating D. Delegating

C. Participating

Annette is watching her new employee as he executes the steps in making French fries. Her purpose is to make sure he follows the instructions exactly as given. Annette is suing __________. A. Nonverbal feedback B. Mentoring C. Personal observation D. Statistical reports

C. Personal observation

The essence of affirmative action is to ____________. A. Prevent employees from behaving unethically B. Provide experiential exercises and on-the-job coaching fro employees C. Prevent discrimination and enhance the status of members from protected groups D. Provide positive reinforcements to encourage desirable behavior

C. Prevent discrimination and enhance the status of members from protected groups

A _________ includes both positive and negative aspects about the job and the company. A. Behavioral preview B. Structured interview C. Realistic job preview D. Job analysis

C. Realistic job preview

__________ is the power that arises because of a person's desirable resources or personal traits. A. Legitimate power B. Reward power C. Referent power D. Expert power

C. Referent power

Jill has tried to build a good rapport with her employees and knows each of their families. She encourages her employees to work hard, but to be certain to take her time out for themselves and their families. Fiedler's contingency model would classify Jill as _____oriented. A. Production B. Task C. Relationship D. Consideration

C. Relationship

Andrew prefers to get his performance data in the form of charts and graphs. Andrew prefers ___________. A. Oral reports B. Written reports C. Statistical reports D. Personal observations

C. Statistical reports

When people judge someone on the basis of the perception of a group to which they belong, they are using the shortcut called _________. A. Assumed similarity B. The halo effect C. Stereotyping D. Self-serving bias

C. Stereotyping

According to the path-goal theory, directive leadership will lead to higher employee satisfaction when there is ________ within a work group. A. High structure B. Cohesiveness C. Substantial conflict D. Internal locus of control

C. Substantial conflict

A disadvantage of using professional recruiting organizations is ___________. A. That they generate many unqualified candidates B. That they do not increase the diversity and mix of employees C. Their limited commitment to specific companies D. That they can only be used for entry-level positions

C. Their limited commitment to specific companies

Which of the following is most likely to be included in family-friendly benefits provided by organizations? A. Retirement benefits B. Insurance programs C. Time off for school functions D. Savings accounts

C. Time off for school functions

Rachel's colleagues and subordinates have a very high regard for her. They know that no one can get high-quality work done the way Rachel can. She inspires her team to excel in their work, even exceeding their own expectations. What her subordinates like best about Rachel is that they are free to discuss her decisions with her, even question her once in while if they are not sure about her strategy. Which of the following best describes Rachel's leadership style? A. Transactional B. Charismatic C. Transoformational D. Trait

C. Transoformational

Which of the following observations best explains why the control function is important? A. An effective control system assures that the organization will meet or exceed its goals B. Organizational strategies are formed during the controlling stage C. An effective control system includes employee empowerment D. An effective control system is the only way managers know whether organizational goals are being met

D. An effective control system is the only way managers know whether organizational goals are being met

In __________, the observer's perception of others is influenced more by the observer's own characteristics than by those of the person observed. A. Stereotyping B. Self-serving bias C. The halo effect D. Assumed similarity

D. Assumed similarity

Anne prefers one-page memos with only the main points of the issue. As a manager, she has limited amounts of time to read about internal problems. So when she prepares memos for her boss, she provides a brief outline of the sitation to spare her boss the agony of having to read the boring details. Anne has succumbed to __________. A. The halo effect B. Stereotyping C. The liking effect D. Assumed similarly

D. Assumed similarly

Individual behavior in organizations includes ___________. A. Policies and procedures B. Structure, culture, and team building C. Strategies, norms, and roles D. Attitudes, learning, and motivation

D. Attitudes, learning, and motivation

If a manager investigates how and why performance has deviated beyond the acceptable range of variation, and then corrects the source of the deviation, she is using ________. A. Concurrent control B. Immediate corrective action C. Feedback control D. Basic corrective action

D. Basic corrective action

Which of the following is an example of a feedforward control measure used to control possible workplace violence? A. Investigate incidences and take appropriate action B. Use corporate hotlines for reporting and investing incidences C. Review company policies and change, in necessary D. Clearly communicate the security policies to employees

D. Clearly communicate the security policies to employees

The component of attitude that includes beliefs and opinions is the ________ component. A. Behavioral B. Affective C. Mental D. Cognitive

D. Cognitive

Which component of attitude is reflected in the sentence, "This is the best way to reach the place"? A. Emotive B. Behavioral C. Affective D. Cognitive

D. Cognitive

Labor unions use ________ to protect the right of their members. A. Commercial arbitration B. Labor disputes C. Work stops D. Collective bargaining

D. Collective bargaining

The management control that takes place while a work activity is in progress is known as ___________. A. Feedback control B. Reactive control C. Feedforward control D. Concurrent control

D. Concurrent control

When Fletcher lost his job as a result of a downsizing, his health coverage was discontinued even though he was willing to pay for it. Which of the following Acts can Fletcher cite in his efforts to have his health coverage benefits restored? A. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act B. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) C. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) D. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)

D. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)

The path-goal theory is a(n) _________ model of leadership that extracts key elements from the expectancy theory of motivation. A. Untested B. Fixed C. Alternative D. Contingency

D. Contingency

_____________ refers to the process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance. A. Checking B. Measuring C. Verifying D. Controlling

D. Controlling

Two areas in which corporate governance is being reformed are the role of boards of directors and _________. A. Executive bonus systems B. Reporting to government agencies C. Reports to stockholders D. Financial reporting

D. Financial reporting

Clinical psychologists suggest that employe theft __________. A. Occurs primarily when there are poor management-labor relations B. Reflects deep cultural problems in the society C. Is a symptom of poor planning and management control D. Happens because people find ways to rationalize this behavior as correct

D. Happens because people find ways to rationalize this behavior as correct

Kevin is a whirlwind as a research and development supervisor. His colleagues are surprised that even though he makes decisions very quickly and always with less information than others, his decisions are as good as anybody else's. This information implies that Kevin has ____________. A. High Machiavellianism B. Low cognitive dissonance C. High intuition D. High risk-taking ability

D. High risk-taking ability

Steve introduces in-house technical training programs for employees, as well as a provision to reimburse the tuition fees for employees who take college courses that benefit both the employee and the organization. Steve is using ___________ to motivate and retain employees. A. Affirmative action B. Performance appraisal methods C. Mentoring D. High-performance work practices

D. High-performance work practices

The process by which managers ensure that they have the right number and kinds of capable people in the right places and at the right times is known as __________. A. Human capital management B. Performance planning C. Performance management D. Human resource planning

D. Human resource planning

The cognitive dissonance theory proposed that the intensity of the desire to reduce dissonance is determined by __________. A. Awareness, status, and punishments B. Stability, position, and power C. Resources, commitment, and organizational structure D. Importance, influence, and rewards

D. Importance, influence, and rewards

Alan's temperament is not well-suited to being a researcher. He tends to dislike doing the same thing twice and has no patience to sort out information ste-by-step. As a result, he often jumps to conclusions, alan is most likely a(n) ________ type of personality. A. Introversion B. Sensing C. Feeling D. Intuition

D. Intuition

A __________ states the minimum qualifications that a person must possess to successfully perform a given job? A. Job analysis B. Job description C. Job preview D. Job specification

D. Job specification

After 75 years in business, ABC Corp. has decided it is time to overhaul its compensation system. What advice would you offer its HR manager? A. Make pay a function of the amount of education the employee has B. Pay everyone in the same pay grade the same wage regardless of seniority C. Focus on benefits rather than wages or salaries D. Make it more flexible and reduce the number of pay levels

D. Make it more flexible and reduce the number of pay levels

Which of the following management responsibilities determines if organizational goals are being achieved? A. Designing the organization's structure B. Formulating business strategy C. Motivating employees D. Measuring firm performance

D. Measuring firm performance

Which of the following sources usually provides filtered information which cannot be documented? A. Online reports B. Written reports C. Personal observations D. Oral reports

D. Oral reports

According to the path-goal theory, a manager who consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions exhibits what type of leadership behavior? A. Directive B. Supportive C. Achievement oriented D. Participative

D. Participative

Emotional intelligence has been shown to be _________. A. Negatively related to job performance at all levels B. Positively related to job performance only in mechanistic organizations C. Negatively related to job performance in middle management only D. Positively related to job performance at all levels

D. Positively related to job performance at all levels

In providing assistance to employees being downsized, many organizations offer some form of _________. A. Piece-rate pay B. Merit pay C. Overtime pay D. Severance pay

D. Severance Pay

A _________ system rewards employees for the job competencies they demonstrate. A. Variable pay B. Performance-based pay C. Piece-rate pay D. Skill-based pay

D. Skill-based pay

Steve recommends that employees should be compensated according to their competencies, rather than their designations. Employees should be financially rewarded when they gain more knowledge and learn new processes that are relevant to the job, even if the employee is at a lower level. This implies that Steve favors a ___________. A. Fixed pay system B. Variable pay system C. Profit-based pay system D. Skill-based pay system

D. Skill-based pay system

According to the path-goal model, when Ginger spends time with the employees so they can see that she is friendly and has concern for them, she displays which of the following leadership styles? A. Participative B. Considerate C. People-oriented D. Supportive

D. Supportive

Jack emphasizes to his people that the work must be done, regardless of circumstances, and encourages his employees to meet their sales quotas. He is generally liked, but because sales are unstructured, sometimes his employees resent his rather heavy-handed approach. Fiedler's contingency model would classify Jack as __________ oriented. A. Relationship B. Organization C. Employee D. Task

D. Task

Turnover is high among new hires at Stewart's company. At one exit interview, Stewart asked the departing new hire why she was leaving so soon. Which of the following statements is the most likely response? A. The company has a strong labor union so the majority of the decisions are dictated by collective bargaining B. There is a recession in the economy that has severely affected employment levels across the country C. The company does not have good decruitment policies in place D. The higher level employees repeatedly overemphasize the company's positive points while interviewing candidates

D. The higher level employees repeatedly overemphasize the company's positive points while interviewing candidates

Which of the following is true for Gen Y workers? A. They are dedicated workers and follow office rules and dress codes strictly B. They are accepting of the prevailing order and style of working and easily fit into it C. They have a deep-seated need for boundaries and structure and dislike multitasking D. They are knowledgeable and willing workers, but do not compromise on their personal lives

D. They are knowledgeable and willing workers, but do not compromise on their personal lives

Which of the following is true of written tests as a selection tool? A. They are not very popular anymore B. They cannot predict job performances C. They are almost universally used D. They are relatively good predictors for supervisory positions

D. They are relatively good predictors for supervisory positions

The two most common forms of representative participation are __________. A. Task forces and cross-functional teams B. Board representatives and cross-functional teams C. Work councils and cross-functional teams D. Work councils and board representatives

D. Work councils and board representatives