Exam 3 - Cultural Diversity, Illness/Wellness

A baby is born with Down syndrome, which influences his health-illness status. This is an example of which of the following human dimensions? A) Physical B) Emotional C) Environmental D) Sociocultural

a

A camp nurse is teaching a group of adolescent girls about the importance of monthly breast self-examination. What level of preventive care does this activity represent? A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary D) Restorative

a

A client visits the clinic with a fever and a rash. Which stage of illness is the client experiencing? A) Experiencing symptoms - Stage 1 B) Assuming the sick role - Stage 2 C) Assuming a dependent role - Stage 3 D) Achieving recovery and rehabilitation - Stage 4

a

A nurse educator uses models of health and illness when teaching. Which model of health and illness places high-level health and death on opposite ends of a graduated scale? A) Health-Illness Continuum B) Agent-Host-Environment Model C) Health Belief Model D) Health Promotion Model

a

A nurse is educating women on the need for calcium to prevent bone loss. What level of prevention does this represent? A) Primary prevention B) Secondary prevention C) Tertiary prevention D) Residual prevention

a

A nurse is providing an educational event to a local group of disabled citizens. What would be important for the nurse to be aware of when planning this event? A) The health promotion needs of the group the nurse is speaking to B) What the disability of each person is C) Wellness needs of each individual person D) What the families want you to talk about

a

A nurse walks by a client's room and observes a Shaman performing a healing ritual for the client. The nurse then remarks to a coworker that the ritual is a waste of time and disruptive to the other clients on the floor. What feelings is this nurse displaying? A) Culture conflict B) Cultural blindness C) Stereotyping D) Cultural shock

a

A nursing instructor has assigned a student to care for a client of Asian descent. The instructor reminds the student that personal space considerations vary among cultures. What personal space preferences are important for the student to consider when caring for this client? A) People of Asian descent prefer some distance between themselves and others. B) People of Asian descent commonly stand close to one another when talking. C) People of Asian descent touch one another when sitting next to a familiar person. D) People of Asian descent prefer direct eye contact when communicating.

a

All of the following are factors to consider when caring for clients with limited income. Which one is the most important? A) Basic human needs may go unmet B) Limited access to reliable transportation C) Decreased access to health care services D) Risk for increased incidence of disease

a

Personal space and distance is a cultural perspective that can impact nurse-client interactions. What is the best way for the nurse to interact physically with a client who has a different cultural perspective on space and distance? A) Know the client's cultural personal space preferences. B) Realize that sitting close to the client is an indication of warmth and caring. C) Sit three to six feet away from the patient in an attempt to not offend. D) Remember not to intrude into the personal space of the elderly.

a

The mother of a toddler with asthma seeks support from the parents of other children with asthma. The nurse recognizes that seeking and utilizing support systems is an example of which human dimension? A) Sociocultural dimension B) Physical dimension C) Environmental dimension D) Intellectual and spiritual dimension

a

The nurse is admitting a client from China to the medical-surgical unit with a diagnosis of cancer. While doing the client's assessments, the client speaks of her naturalistic beliefs related to health care and the importance of the yin/yang theory. Based on her cancer diagnoses, the idea that cancer is considered a cold illness in the culture, and her yin/yang beliefs, which meal will the patient most likely order for lunch? A) Chicken noodle soup with crackers, fruit crisp, and hot tea B) Turkey sandwich, small tossed salad, and iced tea C) Chef's salad, bread, and water D) Fruit smoothie and granola bar

a

The nurse is performing a routine assessment of a male client who has an artificial arm as a result of a small plane crash many years earlier. How should the nurse best understand this client's health? A) Despite the loss of his limb, the client may consider himself to be healthy. B) The client may be well, but his loss of limb means that he is unhealthy. C) The loss of his limb prevents the client from achieving wellness, though he may be healthy. D) Because the client's injury is far in the past, it does not have a bearing on his health or wellness.

a

The nurse is preparing a care plan for an African American man age 68 years who was recently diagnosed with hypertension. Age, race, gender, and genetic inheritance are examples of what human dimension? A) Physical B) Emotional C) Environmental D) Sociocultural

a

The staff at a long-term care facility have made minimal effort to secure a shared room for a couple in their late 80s, who have been married for several decades. The manager states, "I'm sure that bedroom activity is the last thing on their mind these days." How should the nurse best respond to the manager's characterization of sexuality in older adults? A) "They might not be as active as in years past, but sexuality is still important for older people." B) "It's actually a myth that older adults have sex less often than younger adults." C) "There's no reason that we should assume they're less interested than when they first got married." D) "Their sexual activity has probably stopped by now, but they still need companionship."

a

What phrase best describes health? A) Individually defined by each person B) Experienced by each person in exactly the same way C) The opposite of illness D) The absence of disease

a

When providing care on an Indian reservation, the nurse has prioritized assessments for diabetes and fetal alcohol syndrome when working with residents of the reservation. How should this nurse's practice be best understood? A) The nurse is correct in assessing for health problems that have a higher incidence and prevalence among this population. B) The nurse is stereotyping American Indians as leading unhealthy lifestyles and abusing alcohol. C) The nurse is performing cultural imposition of the majority American culture, and the accompanying beliefs around diabetes and alcohol use. D) The nurse should seek specific permission from each client before proceeding with these assessments

a

When providing nursing care to an African American individual, which of the following cultural factors should the nurse consider? A) Values and beliefs are often present oriented. B) Families are usually patriarchal. C) They possess weak religious affiliations. D) Families are highly competitive.

a

Which of the following is not one of the six general types of risk factors in regard to increasing an individual's chances for illness and injury? A) Gender B) Age C) Environment D) Lifestyle

a

Which of the following models of health promotion and illness prevention was developed to illustrate how people interact with their environment as they pursue health? A) The health promotion model B) The health belief model C) The health-illness continuum D) The agent-host-environment model

a

Which of the following nursing interventions is an example of health promotion and preventive care on the primary level? Select all that apply. A) A nurse counsels a teenager to stop smoking. B) A nurse conducts a health fair for high blood pressure screening. C) A nurse counsels the family of a client diagnosed with lung cancer. D) A home health care nurse arranges for rehabilitation services for a patient. E) A school nurse arranges for a career seminar for graduating seniors

a

Which of the following statements illustrates the effect of the sociocultural dimension on health and illness? A) "Why shouldn't I drink and drive? Everyone else does." B) "My mother has sickle cell anemia, and so do I." C) "I know I have heart problems, so I have changed my diet." D) "I used biofeedback to lower my blood pressure."

a

While caring for an older adult male, the nurse observes that his skin is dry and wrinkled, his hair is gray, and he needs glasses to read. Based on these observations, what would the nurse conclude? A) These are normal physiologic changes of aging. B) The observations are not typically found in older adults. C) These are abnormal observations and must be reported. D) Extra education will be necessary to prevent complications.

a

An older adult male client is admitted to the cardiac ICU after suffering a heart attack. Upon taking a history after the client is stable, the nurse charts that he weighs over 275 pounds, has a history of heart disease in his family, suffers frequent stress at work, drinks alcohol daily, and smokes two packs of cigarettes daily. What are some modifiable risks factors for this client that has attributed to his heart attack? Select all that apply. A) Alcohol intake B) Smoking C) Stress D) Age E) Family history F) Sex

a b c

Which of the following statements explains why models of health promotion and illness prevention are useful when planning health care? Select all that apply. A) They help health care providers understand health-related behaviors. B) They are useful for adapting care to people from diverse backgrounds. C) They help overcome barriers related to increased number of people without health care. D) They overcome barriers to care for the predicted downward trend in minority populations. E) They overcome barriers to care for low-income and rural populations.

a b c e

A nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on health promotion and illness prevention. The nurse explains the different levels of promotion. Which of the following does the nurse include when talking about primary promotion? Select all that apply. A) Immunization clinics B) Poison control information C) Screenings for blood pressure D) Recommending mammograms for women E) Teaching about a healthy diet

a b e

On which of the following components is Rosenstock's health belief model based? Select all that apply. A) Perceived susceptibility to a disease B) Perceived consequences of treating disease C) Perceived seriousness of a disease D) Perceived benefits of action E) Perceived immunity to disease

a c d

A 40-year-old nurse is taking a health history from a Hispanic man aged 20 years. The nurse notes that he looks down at the floor when he answers questions. What should the nurse understand about this behavior? A) The client is embarrassed by the questions. B) This is culturally appropriate behavior. C) The client dislikes the nurse. D) The client does not understand what is being asked.

b

A Mexican immigrant who migrated to the United States and lives in a Spanish-speaking community with other relatives is taken to the ER following a fall at work. He is admitted to the hospital for observation. The nurse is aware that this client is at risk for: A) Cultural assimilation B) Cultural shock C) Cultural imposition D) Cultural blindness

b

A client is admitted to the hospital with abrupt symptoms of increasing shortness of breath, fever, and a productive cough with green sputum. Upon further exam the client is diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation. The nurse identifies this as which type of illness? A) Acute B) Chronic C) Terminal D) Contagious

b

A client who has difficulty sleeping expresses to the nurse that watching television may help him relax and get sleep. The nurse disregards the client's concern and suggests drinking warm milk before going to bed. Which cultural characteristic is the nurse demonstrating? A) Stereotype B) Ethnocentrism C) Racism D) Relativity

b

A male nurse is preparing to take the vital signs of a female patient. Which ethnic group would consider this improper? A) Native American B) Arab Muslim C) White D) African American

b

A middle-aged woman is 40 pounds over her ideal weight. Which of the following statements best illustrates the effect of her self-concept on health and illness? A) "I am just too busy with my kids to bother about a diet." B) "Why should I lose weight? I'll still be fat." C) "My sister is thin, but I don't think she looks that good." D) "My husband loves me this way."

b

A nurse calls in to his unit to report he has the flu and will not be at work. What stage of illness behavior is he exhibiting? A) Experiencing symptoms - Stage 1 B) Assuming the sick role - Stage 2 C) Assuming a dependent role - Stage 3 D) Achieving recovery and rehabilitation - Stage 4

b

A nurse in a large metropolitan city enjoys working in a health clinic that primarily serves Hispanic clients. What does this statement imply about the nurse? A) The nurse's knowledge and skills are not adequate to care for clients with acute illnesses. B) The nurse respects and values providing culturally competent care. C) The nurse is attempting to overcome cultural blindness. D) This employment makes the nurse feel superior to a minority group of people.

b

A nurse is assessing a four-year-old client for growth and development. What health promotion activity is the nurse performing? A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary D) Health-Illness continuum

b

A nurse is caring for a client after internal fixation of a compound fracture in the tibia. The nurse finds that the client has not had his dinner, seems restless, and is tossing on the bed. Keeping in mind that the client is Latino, what is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A) Are you having pain in your leg? B) Tell me what you are feeling. C) Do you need pain medication? D) Are you feeling all right?

b

A nurse is caring for a client who is in the remission state of leukemia. The client expresses anxiety about the recurrence of leukemia. The client feels depressed when thinking about the outcome of leukemia. Which aspect of health is the client talking about? A) Physical health B) Emotional health C) Social health D) Spiritual health

b

An elderly resident of a long-term care facility has developed diarrhea and dehydration as a result of exposure to clostridium difficile during a recent outbreak. The resident's primary care provider has consequently prescribed the antibiotic metronidazole (Flagyl). Which model of health promotion and illness prevention is most clearly evident in these events? A) The Health-Illness Continuum B) The Agent-Host-Environment Model C) The Health Promotion Model D) The Health Belief Model

b

Despite the presence of a large number of elderly residents of Asian heritage, a long-term care facility has not integrated the Asian concepts of hot and cold into meal planning. Which of the following should the nurses at the facility recognize this as an example of? A) Stereotyping B) Cultural blindness C) Cultural assimilation D) Cultural imposition

b

The nurse caring for a Native American client plans care understanding that one belief of Native American healing practices is which of the following? A) Modern life facilitates healing agents. B) Healing takes time. C) Balancing yin and yang is important. D) Energy flows through meridians throughout the body.

b

What is the term that describes the inability of a person to recognize his or her own values, beliefs, and practices as well as those of others, because of strong ethnocentric tendencies? A) Acculturation B) Cultural blindness C) Cultural imposition D) Stereotyping

b

Which of the following statements accurately describes the concepts of disease and illness? A) A disease is traditionally diagnosed and treated by a nurse. B) The focus of nurses is the person with an illness. C) A person with an illness cannot be considered healthy. D) Illness is a normal process that affects level of functioning.

b

A client accepts the fact that he needs bypass surgery for a blocked artery and is admitted into the hospital. Which one of the following stages of illness is this client experiencing? A) Experiencing symptoms - Stage 1 B) Assuming the sick role - Stage 2 C) Assuming a dependent role - Stage 3 D) Achieving recovery and rehabilitation - Stage 4

c

A client states, "I must be in poor health because I am a senior citizen. That's what my neighbor says and she is older than I am." This statement is based on which of the following factors? A) Age B) Gender C) Peer influence D) Illness factors

c

A homeless client has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after being found unresponsive outside a mall. The client is known to the ED staff as having bipolar disorder, and assessment reveals likely cellulitis on his left ankle. He is febrile with a productive cough, and the care team suspects pneumonia. A sputum culture for tuberculosis has been obtained and sent to the laboratory. Which of the following aspects of the client's medical condition would be considered a chronic condition? A) Pneumonia B) Cellulitis C) Bipolar disorder D) Tuberculosis

c

A nurse engages in professional rituals as a means to standardize practice and ensure efficiency. In doing so, the nurse integrates understanding of which of the following as a characteristic? A) Preconceived and untested belief about people B) Viewing one's own culture as the only correct standard C) Common and observable expressions of culture D) Belief system held to varying degrees as absolute truth

c

A nurse in the hospital is caring for a Native American male. What person is most important to include in the care of the client? A) Family B) Physician C) Tribal medicine man D) Physical therapy aide

c

A nurse is providing care for a Cambodian client. The nurse says, "You have to get up and walk whether you want to or not." What is this statement an example of? A) Culture shock B) Stereotyping C) Cultural imposition D) Cultural competence

c

After teaching the students about health and wellness, the nursing instructor identifies a need for further instruction when one of the students makes which of the following statements? A) "Health is more than just the absence of illness." B) "Health is an active process." C) "Health means the same to every person." D) "Health is dynamic and ever-changing."

c

An older adult woman of Chinese ancestry refuses to eat at the nursing home, stating, "I'm just not hungry." What factors should the staff assess for this problem? A) The woman does not like to eat with other residents of the home. B) The woman is using this as a means of going home. C) The food served may not be culturally appropriate. D) The food served may violate religious beliefs

c

An woman 80 years of age has had a cerebrovascular accident. She has flaccidity of her right side with aphasia. For this client, which of the following activities constitutes tertiary prevention? A) Assessment of her blood pressure B) Daily bleeding and clotting times C) Gait training and speech therapy D) Education on the symptoms of a CVA

c

The nurse is admitting a new client to the unit. The nurse notes that this client would need an alternate meal choice when the menu specified pork for a meal. What cultural group would require an alternative meal choice? A) Christian B) Protestant C) Muslim D) Mormon

c

The nurse is caring for a Mexican American who is Catholic. The nurse wishes to learn more about the culture by consulting a key informant. Which of the following religious practitioners would be most knowledgeable about the beliefs held by individuals of Mexican ethnicity? A) A church mother B) A voodoo priest C) A curandera D) A peyote leader

c

The nursing instructor has given an assignment to a group of nurse practitioner students. They are to break into groups of four and complete a health-promotion teaching project, then present a report back to their fellow students. What project is the best example of health-promotion teaching? A) Demonstrating an injection technique to a client for anticoagulant therapy B) Explaining the side effects of a medication to an adult client C) Discussing the importance of preventing sexually transmitted disease to a group of 12th-grade students D) Instructing an adolescent client about safe food preparation

c

What may happen to the family when one of the family members suffers an illness? A) Alterations in values and religious beliefs B) More public displays of affection C) Changes in roles for the client and family D) Increased resistance to stress

c

When the South Asian client arrives 25 minutes late to her appointment at the clinic, the nurse recognizes this as a sign of which of the following? A) Disrespect B) Laziness C) Respect D) Superiority

c

Which of the following activities related to respiratory health is an example of tertiary health promotion and illness prevention? A) Assisting with lung function testing of a client to help determine a diagnosis B) Teaching a client that "light" cigarettes do not prevent lung disease C) Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a client who is short of breath D) Advocating politically for more explicit warning labels on cigarette packages

c

Which of the following most accurately defines "illness"? A) The inability to carry out normal activities of living B) A pathologic change in mind or body structure or function C) The response of a person to a disease D) Achieving maximum potential and quality of life

c

Which of the following statements accurately describes how risk factors may increase a person's chances for illness or injury? Select all that apply. A) Risk factors are unrelated to the person or event. B) All risk factors are modifiable. C) An increase in risk factors increases the possibility of illness. D) A family history of breast cancer is not a modifiable risk factor. E) School-aged children are at high risk for communicable diseases.

c d e

A child age 4 years has leukemia but is now in remission. What does it mean to be in remission when one has a chronic illness? A) The chronic disease has been cured. B) Nothing further can be done in terms of treatment. C) Severe symptoms of the chronic illness have reappeared. D) The disease is present, but symptoms are not experienced.

d

A client is ready to discharge from the hospital and resume normal activities and responsibilities at home. Which stage of illness is the client experiencing? A) Experiencing symptoms - Stage 1 B) Assuming the sick role - Stage 2 C) Assuming a dependent role - Stage 3 D) Achieving recovery and rehabilitation - Stage 4

d

A home health nurse is visiting a client 60 years of age. During the initial visit, the client's husband answers all of the questions. What would the nurse assess based on this behavior? A) The client does not want the nurse to visit. B) The husband does not trust his wife to answer questions. C) The client is not able to answer the questions. D) The husband is the dominant member of the family.

d

A nurse is caring for a client from Taiwan who constantly requests pain medication. What should the nurse consider when assessing the client's pain? A) Most people react to pain in the same way. B) Pain in adults in less intense than pain in children. C) The client has a low pain tolerance. D) Pain is what the client says it is.

d

A nurse is caring for an elderly woman from a far eastern culture. How does the nurse demonstrate awareness of culturally competent care? A) Maintaining eye contact at all times. B) Trying to speak louder than usual. C) Using touch when communicating. D) Establishing effective communication

d

An Anglo American client reports to the primary health care facility with symptoms of fever, cough, and running nose. While interviewing the client, which of the following points should the nurse keep in mind? A) Do not probe into emotional issues. B) Do not ask very personal questions. C) Sit at the other corner of the room. D) Maintain eye contact while talking.

d

Most nurses have been taught to maintain direct eye contact when communicating with clients. Some cultural groups would not value direct eye contact with the nurse. Which cultural group would consider the direct eye contact impolite? A) Americans B) British C) Canadians D) Native Americans

d

The client in a rehabilitation unit is having a difficult time adjusting to the scheduled activities on the unit, as well as being dependent on others for meals and medications. Which word best describes what the patient is experiencing? A) Anxiety B) Disparity C) Resolution D) Shock

d

The focal point of nursing is the nurse-client interaction. What must nurses consider when conducting the necessary assessment of their clients and significant others? A) Their health disparities B) Their societal beliefs C) The subgroup they belong to D) Their own cultural orientation.

d

The nurse is obtaining a health history from a patient of Puerto Rican descent. Which of the following is most likely to be a health problem that has a cultural connection for this patient? A) Tuberculosis B) Sickle cell anemia C) Suicide D) Lactose enzyme deficiency

d

When a labor and delivery nurse tells a coworker that an Asian client probably did not want any pain medication because "Asian women typically are stoic," the nurse is expressing a belief known as what? A) Stigma B) Ethnic slur C) Bias D) Stereotype

d

Which of the following statements is true of the older adult population? A) Old age begins at 65 years of age. B) Most older adults live in nursing homes. C) Older adults are not interested in sex. D) Incontinence is not a part of aging.

d