Exam 3 EAQs

In which settings would the nurse perform developmental assessments for pediatric clients? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Home b. School c. Hospital d. Daycare center e. Assisted living center

-home -school -hospital -daycare center Pediatric developmental assessments are performed in many settings, including the home, school, hospital, and daycare center environments. It is unlikely that a pediatric developmental assessment would be performed in an assisted living center.

According to Piaget's theory, which of these statements about the period of concrete operations is true? a. A child develops a scheme for dealing with the environment. b. A child is able to describe a process without actually doing it. c. A child has the capacity to reason with respect to possibilities. d. A child believes that everyone experiences the world exactly as he or she does.

b

According to Erikson, which behavior would the nurse anticipate when assessing an adolescent? a. Being engaged in tasks b. Questioning their identity c. Having highly imaginative thoughts d. Wanting to participate in organized activities

b.

Which infant reflex would the nurse recognize as being present indefinitely? a. Landau b. Parachute c. Body righting d. Neck righting

b.

According to the Piaget's theory, which behavior would be expected in a 9-year-old child? a. Logical reasoning b. Concrete thinking c. Object permanence d. Imaginary audience

b. A child of 9 years of age will exhibit concrete thinking. Logical reasoning is observed in individuals starting from the age of 11 years. Object permanence is observed in children between birth and 2 years old. The idea of being constantly observed by an imaginary audience is observed in individuals starting from the age of 11 years.

Which stage of Freud' s theory includes the Oedipus complex? a. Stage 2 b. Stage 3 c. Stage 4 d. Stage 5

b. According to Freud's theory, there are five stages in a child's development. Stage 3 is the Oedipal stage, which is also known as the phallic stage. Stage 2 is the anal stage. Stage 4 is the latency stage. Stage 5 is the genital stage.

By which age should an infant develop binocularity? a. 8 to 9 weeks b. 3 to 4 months c. 7 to 8 months d. 9 to 12 months

b. Children develop binocularity (the ability to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously) by 3 to 4 months. Children are not able to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously as early as 8 to 9 weeks. Children learn to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously earlier than 7 to 8 months or 9 to 12 months.

Which component of the human personality, according to Freud, allows an individual to judge reality accurately? a. Id b. Ego c. Superego d. Oedipus complex

b. Rationale According to Freud, the ego allows an individual to judge reality accurately. The id is basic instinctual impulses driven to achieve pleasure. The superego is often referred to as the conscience. The Oedipus complex entails a child subconsciously having a love interest in their parent of the opposite sex.

Attainment of which skills would be expected in a 7-month-old child? a. The child pulls themself to stand or sit. b. The child is able to pick up small objects. c. The child can sit alone without support. d. The child can place objects into containers.

c

Which period of Piaget's theory covers the prevalence of egocentrism in adolescents? a. sensorimotor b. preoperational c. formal operations d. concrete operation

c Formal operations is the fourth period of Piaget's theory. During this period, there is a prevalence of egocentric thought. This egocentricity leads adolescents to demonstrate feelings and behaviors characterized by self-consciousness. The sensorimotor period is the first period of Piaget's theory. In this period, infants develop a schema or action pattern for dealing with the environment. The preoperational period is the second period. During this time, children learn to think with the use of symbols and mental images. Concrete operations is the third period of Piaget's theory. During this period, children are able to coordinate two concrete perspectives in social and scientific thinking.

The nurse is providing care to the family of a preschool-age child who is diagnosed with sickle cell disease. Which sibling statement indicates to the nurse that parental education regarding discipline may be indicated? a. "I really wish my brother wasn't sick all the time." b. "I am afraid that I caused my brother to get sick again because I was mad at him." c. "When I lied to my parents, I was punished for a week and my brother never gets punished." d. "I never get to go over to my friends' houses because we are always taking my brother to the hospital."

c.

According to Erikson ' s developmental stages, which characteristic would the nurse anticipate when assessing a preschool-age child? a. Being engaged in tasks b. Questioning sexual identity c. Having highly imaginative thoughts d. Wanting to participate in organized activities

c. The nurse would anticipate that a preschool-age child would have highly imaginative thoughts, according to Erikson. Being engaged in tasks and wanting to participate in organized activities is expected for the school-age child. Questioning sexual identity is expected for the adolescent.

According to Piaget, during which developmental stage is the pediatric client egocentric? a. Infancy b. Adolescence c. Early childhood d. Middle childhood

c. According to Piaget, the early childhood (toddler) and preschool-age child are both egocentric. Infancy, adolescence, and middle childhood are not characterized as being egocentric, according to Piaget.

Ay which age would a infant be expected to begin to crawl? a. 3 months b. 5 months c. 7 months d. 9 months

d

During which stage of development would the nurse anticipate sibling relationships that fluctuate between open bickering and supportive? a. Preschool b. Early school-age c. Late adolescence d. Middle school-age

d

The parents of a preschooler tell the nurse that they try to instill good eating habits by asking the child to be at the table until their "plate is clean." Which condition is the child at risk for? a. Anorexia b. Depression c. Aggression d. Poor eating habits

d

Which characteristic occurs after the transition from infancy to toddlerhood? a. Reduced activity levels b. Increased need for fats c. Decreased food choices d. Reduced need for sleep

d

Which client may have concerns related to sexuality when hospitalized with a chronic illness? a. An 8 year old b. A 10 year old c. A 12 year old d. An 18 year old

d

According to Erikson's stages of life, which is the stage of development when a child begins walking, feeding, and using the toilet? a. Trust versus mistrust b. Initiative versus guilt c. Identity versus role confusion d. Autonomy versus sense of shame and doubt

d.

Which action would the nurse encourage for an adolescent diagnosed with a chronic illness to achieve independence from his or her family? a. Using coping skills b. Wearing makeup c. buying stylish clothes d. socializing w/ peers

d.

Which type of play would the nurse encourage when providing ageappropriate care to a preschool-age child who is hospitalized? a. Team b. Parallel c. Solitary d. Associative

d. The nurse would encourage the hospitalized preschool-age client to participate in associative play. Team play is appropriate for the school-age child. Parallel play is appropriate for the toddler-age client. Solitary play is appropriate for the infant.

Which fifine motor skill would the nurse assess in an infant? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Crawling b. Creeping c. Sitting erect d. Holding a rattle e. Picking up objects f. Holding a baby bottle

-Holding a rattle -Picking up objects -Holding a baby bottle

Which is the minimum number of hours of sleep the nurse would recommend for an 11-year-old client? a. 8 b. 9 c. 10 d. 11

9

Which developmental skills does a preschooler exhibit? Select all that apply. a. personality identity b. specific reasoning c. increased curiosity d. magical thinking e. understanding of others

Specific reasoning Increased curiosity Magical thinking

By which age does the anterior fontanel of the skull close? a. 12 to 18 months b. 20 to 24 months c. 26 to 30 months d. 32 to 36 months

a

In which stage of Piaget's theory of growth and development does an infant develop an action pattern to deal with the environment? a. Sensorimotor b. Preoperational c. Formal operations d. Concrete operations

a

Which is the expected monthly increase in head circumference from 4 to 6 months of age? a. 1 cm (0.4 inch) b. 2 cm (0.75 inch) c. 0.5 cm (0.2 inch) d. 3.5 cm (1.38 inch)

a

During which stage of Piaget's theory would a child demonstrate animism? a. Sensorimotor b. Preoperational c. Concrete operational d. Formal operational

b

Which age group has the highest incidence of lead poisoning? a. Adult b. Toddler c. Adolescent d. School-age child

b.

In which way does an adolescent establish group identity during psychosocial development? a. By evaluating their own health with a feeling of well-being b. By fostering their independence with balanced family structure c. By building close peer relationships to achieve acceptance in the society d. By achieving marked physical changes with masculine and feminine behaviors

c

To which client would the nurse provide education regarding the pubertal growth spurt? a. An 8-year-old school-age male client b. A 16-year-old adolescent male client c. A 12-year-old school-age female d. client An 18-year-old adolescent female client

c

Which stage of development classifies boys and girls as differing very little in terms of size? a. Toddler b. Preschool c. School-age d. Adolescence

c

Which statement is true about Piaget's theory of cognitive development? a. Piaget's theory includes five periods that are related to age. b. In the late preoperational stage, the children experience animism. c. In the preoperational stage, children are able to perform mental operations. d. During the sensorimotor stage, infants develop an action pattern for dealing with their environment.

d. Rationale According to Piaget's theory, during the sensorimotor stage, infants develop a schema or action pattern for dealing with the environment. Piaget's theory includes four periods that are related to age. In the early preoperational stage, children experience animism. During the concrete operations stage, children are able to perform mental operations.

Placenta Developmen occurs at:

third week of pregnancy

The nurse is providing care to an infant who is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which parental statement indicates the need for further education related to the potential for poor growth? A. "My child's diagnosis causes delayed bone growth." B. "My child will have a poor appetite, which will lead to poor growth." C. "My child will have increased oxygen demands, which will lead to poor growth." D. "My child will have a decreased ability to absorb nutrients, which will cause poor growth."

B.

Which is an inborn error of metabolism that affects growth and development?

Hunter syndrome

Which school-age client would the nurse anticipate will experience sibling rivalry as a source of stress? a. A 6-year-old b. A 7-year-old c. An 8-year-old d. A 9-year-old

a

By which age does an infant typically achieve permanent eye color?

between 6 to 12 months

Gross Motor skills for 2-4 month old:

bear weight in forearms when prone

Children's patterns of play change as they grow from infancy through school age. Rank the order of appearance of each type of play, starting with infant play. 1. Associative 2. Cooperative 3. Parallel 4. Solitary

1. Solitary 2. Parallel 3. Associative 4. Cooperative The infant plays alone, with others initiating the play activity. Toddlers' play activity is described as parallel; they play beside other children but not with them. Preschoolers' play is associative in loose groups, with activities involving interaction among players. The school-age child is capable of cooperative play, which includes organized play such as sports, board games, and card games.

During testing of the neurological reflexes of an infant, which reflex would the nurse expect to appear at 3 months and persist until 24 to 36 months of age? a. Neck righting b. Body righting c. Otolith righting d. Labyrinth righting

a.

Which type of relationship do school-age children prioritize? a. Same-sex peer relationships b. Opposite-sex peer relationship c. Same-sex parental relationship d. Opposite-sex parental relationship

a.

Which fine motor skill would the nurse expect when assessing the development of an infant between 10 and 12 months of age? a. Holds a crayon b. Walks with assistance c. Stands independently d. Sits from a standing position

a. The ability to hold a crayon is a fine motor skill that the nurse should expect when conducting a developmental assessment for an infant between 10 to 12 months of age. Walking with assistance, standing alone, and sitting from a standing position are all gross motor skills the nurse would anticipate for this infant.

According to the Erikson's theory, during which stage does a young adult develop the sense of caring for others? a. Initiative versus guilt b. Integrity versus despair c. Intimacy versus isolation d. Identity versus role confusion

c

Which type of prehension (grasp) is exhibited by a 5-month old infant?

palmar A 5-month-old infant is able to voluntarily grasp an object using the whole hand; this is called a palmar grasp. At 3 months of age, the hands are mostly open. By 8 to 9 months of age the infant uses a crude pincer grasp, using the thumb and index finger. At 1 month of age the hands are predominantly closed.