Exam 4

Popular wisdom is often contradictory, as with the following two sayings, "opposite attract" and " birds of a feather flock together". Research o the relationship between similarity and liking suggests that

#2 is more accurate; people tend to be more attracted to those who are similar from themselves

Many researchers maintain that there is a pose relationship between exposure to violent media and real life aggressive behavior. The claim that exposure to violence actually causes an increase in aggression would be best supported by which of the following

A study in which participants who are randomly assigned to play violent video games later administer greater levels of electric shock to a confederate then participants who are assigned to play neutral games

Renaldo is driving out of a beautiful national park that is having some financial trouble. There is a box for donations by the park exit. Which of the following would most likely encourage Renaldo to leave a donation

If he observed the person in the car in front of him leave a donation

Jerry, a devout Mets fan, stops to help a stranded motorist wearing a Mets jersey, but passes by the stranded motorists in the Yankees jersey. Which of the following could account for Jerry's behavior?

Jerry felt more empathy for the Mets fan then the yankees fan

Who if the following is likely to be lonely

John, who is an adolescent

Karen and Rob are talking to a mutual friend who soddenly breaks down and asks if one of them can stay and talk about an important problem. Who is more likely to help

Karen is more likely to help

Which of the following is true regarding gender differences in romantic relationships

Males fall in love more easily and quicker

Which of the following is consistent with the mere exposure effect

The more we see someone, the greater the attraction

Two people are placed in a room and are provoked to behave aggressively toward one another. Which of the following is most likely to happen of there is a weapon in the room

There is a greater likelihood that they will behave aggressively toward one another than if there was no weapon

All of the following are true of physically attractive individuals except

They have higher self-esteem

Diffusion of responsibility can be reduced if

a bystanders training is relevant to the emergency at hand

A psychoanalyst believes that her patients aggressive patterns of behavior are probably due to an unconscious impulse toward self destruction. The psychoanalyst's thinking is most consistent with the concept of

a death instinct

Rita has a strong desire to establish and maintain social contacts with others. Rita had a low need to belong

a high need for affiliation

Stimuli associated with a source of frustration or aggressive behavior is the definition of

agression cues

Research on the link between media violence and aggression has demonstrated that

all forms of media violence appear to increase aggressive behavior

Lorenz argued that aggression is common in most animal species because it

all of the above

Which of the following has not been offended as an explanation for the bystander effect

an individuals level of moral reasoning

In experiments, male participants who view violent erotic material

are more accepting of interpersonal violence against

All of the following have been demonstrated in research on physical attractiveness except

attractive employees earn approximately the same salaries as unattractive employees

Sears (1953) showed that children who are physically punished for aggressive behavior

become more aggressive, especially outside the home

Sid is mildly attracted to Nancy. If his parents forbid him to see Nancy, Sid is likely to

become more attracted to Nancy

Herman and Flora have been married for 40 years. They still have a strong relationships and say they are each other's best friends. Their relationship seems to be an example of

companionate love

Asuni hears her neighbors burglar alarm go off in the middle of the night, but she doesn't call the police because she assumes that one of the other neighbors will do so. Asuni's failure to call the police is the result of

diffusion of responsibility

On his way back from work, Orin nearly collided head on with another car. After swerving out of the way at the last minute, Orin could feel his heart racing and his hands shaking. A few minutes lather arrived home and, just as he walked in, received a phone call from a salesperson. Orin then became verbally abusive toward the salesperson. This outcome is most consistent with the concept of

excitation transfer

Though women are more likely than men to aggress in an intimate relationship, men's aggression in such relationships differs in that it typically

has more severe consequences

Persons who have _____ levels of moral reasoning are _____ likely to help those in need.

high;more

Research suggests that self-disclosure reciprocity is more important

in the early stages of a relationship

Both Freud and Lorenz argued that aggression is

instinctual behavior

Rex belittles Peyton's abilities in interviews with the media and spreads rumors about him in the hope that doing so will disrupt Peyton's fragile psyche an dead him to play poorly in the championship game. Rex's behavior illustrates

instrumental aggression

Of the following, the frustration aggression hypothesis would probably be least effective as an explanation for

instrumental agression

The defining characteristic of aggression is that the aggressor

intends to injure another living being

Mark refuses to give money to a beggar because he believes the beggar is lazy and refuses to work for a living. Mark is

making a dispositional attribution for the beggar's need

The finding that people often help similar others can be explained by the tendency to

more easily empathize with such individuals

Compared to passionate love, companionate love is

more likely to remain constant over time

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research

peoples attachment styles relate to the type of romantic relationships they have

Walster et al. (1966) randonly matched students for a dance. The strongest predictor of couples

physical attractiveness

One of the most important prerequisites for the development of attraction between two people is

proximity

Which of the following is not a characteristic of romantic love

raised in a culture that believes in and teaches the concept of romantic love

All of the following are considered the basic components of intimate relationships except

reproductive compatibility

Carol determines that she helps her co-worker with a report that it will take time that she was planning on using on her own project. However, she decides to offer her help because she believes her boss will be impressed and perhaps offer a raise. Carol is using the ________ helping behavior

rewards and punishment

Conchita has good relationships with her boyfriend and which her parents. She is also able to form caring and supportive friendships. Conchita probably has a

secure attachment style

Mary was routinely hit by her mother when she was a child and now she routinely hits her own children. The most consistent with the _______ theory of aggression.

social learning

One reason that people often react negatively to receiving help is

that is obligates them to the helper

Kuo's 1939 study of domestic cats demonstrated

that while aggression may be partly biological, leaning is also involved

While outside enjoying the sunshine, Claudia happily gives directions to a lost tourist. Claudia's willingness to help a stranger is most likely due to

the good mood effect

The bystander effect refers to the tendency for

the greater number of bystanders to reduce the probability that a victim will receive help

Someone who argues that the preference for a physically attractive partner is simply a function of wanting to have healthy offspring probably endorses

the theories of evolutionary psychology

Research on attractiveness and helping indicates that

we are more likely to help attractive people than unattractive people

The belief that physically attractive individuals also possesses desirable personality characteristics is called the

what is beautiful is good stereotype

Research suggests that negative moods tend to enhance helping

when helping is thought to improve a negative mood