Exam II

The current 2019 human population is about

7.8 billion

Oceans cover approximately

70% of earth's surface

The area of the world with the most rapidly growing population is

Africa

The demographic transition model seeks to explain the steps necessary for a country to move from a poor (less developed) to a richer (more developed) economy. Which of the following statements about the model is correct?

After an economy has completed the demographic transition, the birth rates are low and the death rates are low.

Many women in the world are having more children than they want. Which of the following statements about world family planning programs is correct?

Family planning programs can reduce total fertility rates and improve the health of mothers and children and one of their major goals is to provide accurate information about contraception

Deer invest a great deal of energy in a few offspring that have a good chance of living to reproduce. They are said to be

K-strategists

The population of the United States is likely to show which of the following changes over the next 50 years?

The average age of the population will increase

Which one of the following statements about population growth is correct?

The number of offspring produced per female is very important

The size of the population of an animal like a rabbit is likely to be controlled by which one of the following?

The size of the populations of owls, foxes, and coyotes

which country is nOT a member of OPEC

US

Which is an example of a stage in secondary succession?

a forest regenerating after a forest fire

for a nation to participate in the Industrial revolution, they had to have

a source of coal

Most grasslands in North america have been heavily influenced by

agriculture and the grazing of domesticated animals

from an historical perspective which of the following causes the greatest alteration in people's lifestyle?

automobile

Organisms that are attached to the bottom of the ocean are called ____ organisms

benthic

Amount of oxygen used by decomposer organisms to degrade organic molecules in aquatic ecosystems

biochemical oxygen demand

Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor limiting population size?

biotic potential

Mediterranean scrubland (chaparral) have been heavily impacted by humans because

both they are near the oceans and they have a moderate climate

Almost all electrical energy is produced as a result of

burning fossil fuels

Ecologists refer to the maximum sustainable population for an area as

carrying capacity

OPEC

control about 40% of the world's oil production

All of the following must be in the euphoric zone EXCEPT

crabs

Limiting factors that are not affected by population size are

density-independent

the first transfer of energy on earth occurs

during photosynthesis

People in low income countries

eat less animal protein than those in high income countries

The remains of plants, animals, and microorganisms is commonly referred to as

fossil fuels

the most energy-demanding activity in a typical home is

heating and cooling

The total fertility rate is

high in economically less developed regions of the world

Which one of the following government actions matches its outcome?

high taxes on motor fuels lead to increased fuel efficiency

Which of the following factors may cause a population to grow?

higher birthrate than death rate

in order to save the northern spotted owl, ___ was banned on much of the old-growth forest in the PNW where the owl lives

logging

In desert biomes, flowering usually coincides with

moisture availability

You would find a temperate rainforest along the coasts of all of the following locations except

northern New York

In addition to northern latitudes, patches of tundra-like plant communities are also found

on mountain tops

Which group of organisms forms the base of the energy pyramid in a pelagic marine ecosystem?

phytoplankton

The two major factors influencing vegetation in biomes are

precipitation and temperature

In a rainforest, most of the sunlight is captured by trees and therefore only

shade-tolerant plants live beneath the canopy

The price of fuel for vehicles is determined by

supply and demand, political events in oil producing countries, and taxes

Which biome is characterized by organisms that are inactive during the day and burrow underground?

taiga

Human population growth rates are influenced by both biological and cultural factors. Which of the following biological factors is NOT related to differences in the population growth rates countries?

the age at which girls can first become pregnant

The number of immigrants entering a country is a likely to be influenced by

the need of a country to have more workers, willingness of a country to accept immigrants, economic and political condition in neighboring countries

The environment impact of a country is determined by

the size and rate of growth of its population, the energy used by a typical person, the number of possessions of a typical person

the large difference is gasoline prices between US and most European countries is cause by a difference in

the taxes government place on gasoline

Future world population increase is likely. which of the following is likely to become an issue?

there will be a greater impact on non-human organisms

Which of the following is NOT true of climax communities

they have fewer types of interactions among organisms than successional communities

Which biome is characterized by tree frogs, large vines, and fruit-eating birds and bats?

tropical rainforest

Savannas are found in

typical parts of Africa

choose the correct historical sequence of fuel use in the US from 1800 to the present

wood, coal, oil, gas