exam practice

A nurse is caring for a client receiving and IV amphotericin B infusion, which of the following serum lab values should the nurse monitor? SATA

CDE. magnesium, Hematocrit, Creatine.

A nurse is reviewing prescriptions for a cerebrospinal fluid infection with gram-negative bacteria. Which of the following cephalosporin antibiotics should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe IV to treat this infection?

Cefepime

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ritonavr, a protease inhibitor, to treat HIV infection/ The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Hyperlipidema

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about taking tetracycline to treat a GI infection due to Helicobacter pylori. Which of the following statements indicates understanding?

I will let my doctor know if i start having diarrhea

A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who is to receive imipenem-cilastain IV to treat an infection. Which of the following medications puts the client at risk for a medication interaction?

Valproic acid

When giving a cephalosporin by the IM route, the nurse tells the client that _______.

a stinging or burning sensation and soreness at the site may be experienced

When administering a drug, the nurse ______.

ask the client to identify him- or herself

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new proscription for enfuvirtide to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions of this medication? SATA

b. Pneumonia,d. localized erythema, e.hypotension.

A nurse is caring o a client who has a urinary tract infection and a history of recurrence of this type of infection. The nurse should expect the provider to wait for the results of which of the following laboratory tests to identify which antibiotic to prescribe?

Sensitivity

Mycotic infections are caused by:

fungi

A nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client who has a new prescription for trimethoprim-dulfsmetoxazole. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Take it on an empty stomach.

The nurse correctly documents administration of a drug

immediately after giving the drug

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about ways to prevent medication resistance wen taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Takes medication at the same times daily without missing doses minimize resistance.

A client asks how antimalarial drugs prevent or treat malaria. The nurse correctly responds that this group of drugs:

interferes with the life cycle of the protozoa causing the malaria

Identify which items you can use for client identification before giving a medication. Select all that apply.

medical record number date of birth

When preparing a client for pentamidine administration, the correct position is:

reclining position

Identify selected items the nurse uses as part of the "five rights" of medication administration. Select all that apply.

right route, right patient, right time.

How do a virus and a retrovirus differ?

they attack the host cell RNA instead of DNA

Identify the household precautions to prevent spread of parasitic infections. Select all that apply.

1. wash all bedding in the home 2. provide separate towels for bathing 3. wash hands after using the bathroom or changing diapers

*When a client is instructed not to take a drug with dairy products, what can the client drink when swallowing the medication? Select all that apply.

1. water 3. iced tea 4. cranberry juicE

When taking levofloxacin the client is taught to _______.

1. wear sun protection whenever outside

On an overcast day, the nurse instructs the client taking sulfonamides to _______

1. wear sunscreen

The nurse is to administer 100 mg of zidovudine orally. The drug is available as syrup 50 mg/5 mL. The nurse administers _______.

10 mL

A nurse is preparing to administer penicillin v to a client who has a streptococcal infection. The client tells the nurse that she ha difficulty swallowing tablets and doesn't tolerate liquid or chew able medications because the taste gags her, even when mixed with food. The nurse should request a prescription for which of the following medications?

Nafcillin

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing preparation for extensive colorectal surgery. Which of the following oral antibiotics should the nurse expect to administer specifically to suppress normal flora in the GI tract?

Neomycin

A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has a wound infection. which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?

Obtain a wound specimen for culture

A new long-term care center is being built and the nurse is requested to help in planning the medication administration system. Which is the most cost-effective system to use to prevent errors in this facility?

"Do Not Disturb" apparel

A nurse is monitoring the administration of gentamicin by IV infusion at 0900. The medication will take 1 hour to infuse. Which of the following times should the nurse plan to obtain a blood sample for a peak serum level of gentamicin?

1030

The primary health care provider prescribed sulfasalazine oral suspension 500 mg every 8 hours. The nurse has sulfasalazine oral suspension 250 mg/5 mL on hand. What dosage should the nurse give?

10ml

*Which of the following statements if made by the client would indicate that he or she understands to take the entire course of an antibacterial medication?

"Take all the medicine in the bottle.

*As a nurse on a pediatric unit, you are making the assignment to care for an infant receiving aerosol ribavirin for RSV. Which of the following nurses should be assigned to care for this patient?

. Brad, a 26-year-old licensed practical nurse

*Which of the following best describes DOT in the care of TB clients?

. The nurse observes the client swallow the TB drugs

The nurse explains to the client that to prevent multidrug resistance to the antitubercular drugs, the primary health care provider may prescribe _______. 1

. at least three antitubercular drugs

Administration of antiretrovirals can result in _______.

. body fat redistribution

*Mr. Park is to begin acyclovir treatment for his outbreak of shingles. As the nurse initiating care for him, you will check the medication administration record (MAR) to see which drug he is taking for potential interactions?

. cimetidine

Which of the following is a dose-related adverse reaction to ethambutol? 2. optic neuritis

. optic neuritis

When preparing a drug for subcutaneous administration, the nurse should be aware that the usual volume of a drug injected by the subcutaneous route is _______.

0.5 TO 1 mL

A client is prescribed 500 mg of ciprofloxacin orally every 12 hours for an acute sinus infection. The drug is available in 500-mg tablets. The nurse teaches the client to administer _______.

1 EVERY 12 HOURS

The health care provider at the Sexual Assault Clinic prescribes 1 g of cefoxitin (Mefoxin) for parenteral administration. Cefoxitin is available in a solution of 250 mg/1 mL. What amount of cefoxitin would the nurse prepare? Could this be given in one IM injection?

1 g cefoxitin = 4 mL of solution; this would require two IM injections.

A client is prescribed amoxicillin in oral suspension. The drug is reconstituted to a solution of 250 mg/5 mL. The primary health care provider prescribes 500 mg of the amoxicillin. The caregiver insists on using a spoon to administer the drug. Answer the following questions: How much amoxicillin will 1 teaspoon contain? How many milliliters (mL) were ordered, and what is the conversion to teaspoons (how much should the nurse teach the caregiver to administer)?

1 teaspoon (t) = 5 mL, then 1 teaspoon = 250 mg of amoxicillin. The nurse will teach the caregiver to administer 2 teaspoons (t) or 10 mL of amoxicillin.

The nurse correctly administers penicillin V:

1. 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals

Hansen disease (leprosy) is caused by which of the following bacteria?

1. Mycobacterium leprae

Which of the following would the nurse report immediately in a 3-month-old client receiving ribavirin?

1. any worsening of the respiratory status

*Arrange the following steps of caring for a burn with Silvadene correctly:

1. apply dressing material 2. cleanse and remove debris on surface 3. apply drug according to directions 4. remove dressing 4231

Identify which drugs are included in primary (first-line) treatment for TB. Select all that apply.

1. ethambutol 2. isoniazid 4. pyrazinamide 5. rifampin

*A client is receiving amphotericin B for a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following would most likely indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to amphotericin B?.

1. fever and chills

When monitoring the IV infusion of levofloxacin, the nurse makes sure the needle is in the vein because if not it can result in _______.

1. irritation of the surrounding tissue

Which of the following adverse reactions would the nurse expect in a client receiving acyclovir by the oral route?

1. nausea and vomiting

*A client is prescribed moxifloxacin. The nurse notes that the client is also taking an antacid. The nurse correctly administers moxifloxacin _______.

1. once daily orally, 4 hours before the antacid

When giving one of the macrolide antibiotics, the nurse assesses the client for the most common adverse reactions, which are _______.

1. related to the GI tract

When giving one of the topical antifungals, the nurse assesses the client for the most common adverse reactions, which are _______.

1. related to the GI tract

When giving doxycline for gonorrhea, the nurse advises the client to _______.

1. return for a follow-up examination

*Which of the following are signs and symptoms of a drug hypersensitivity reaction? Select all that apply.

1. skin rash 2. wheezing 3. hypertension

The nurse is administering didanosine properly when _______.

1. the antacid is not separated in the liquid

. The primary care provider has prescribed fluconazole 200 mg orally initially, followed by 100 mg orally daily. On hand are fluconazole 100-mg tablets. What should the nurse administer as the initial dose? _______

2

A client is prescribed 600 mg of lincomycin every 12 hours IM. The drug is available as 300 mg/mL. How many milliliters does the nurse administer?

2

Pyrantel 360 mg is prescribed. The drug is available in 180-mg capsules. The nurse teaches the caregiver to administer _______.

2

. The client is prescribed amantadine 200 mg. The drug is available in 100-mg tablets. The nurse administers _______.

2 TABS

A client is prescribed one inhalation of zanamivir every 12 hours. The drug is available as one 5-mg blister per inhalation and is to be given with a "Diskhaler" device. How many milligrams will the nurse administer in a 24-hour period?

2 dose inhalations total in 24 hours, which is 10 mg of zanamivir in 24 hours

The primary health care provider orders sulfamethoxazole 2 g orally initially, followed by 1 g orally two times a day. The nurse has 1000-mg tablets on hand. How many tablets should the nurse give for the initial dose?

2 tabs

Which of the following urinary output measurements should be reported to the primary health care provider immediately?

2. 30 mL in 1 hour

A client taking oral penicillin reports he has a sore mouth. On inspection, the nurse notes a black, furry tongue and bright red oral mucous membranes. The primary care provider is notified immediately, because these symptoms may be caused by:

2. a superinfection

When discussing the adverse reactions of an anthelmintic, the nurse correctly states that:

2. adverse reactions are usually mild when recommended doses are used

*A client reports orange stains on paper tissues when she urinates. Which of the following interventions should the nurse do first? 2. ask the client what she thinks is happening

2. ask the client what she thinks is happening

. A client is receiving erythromycin for an infection. The patient's response to therapy is best evaluated by _______.

2. comparing initial and current signs and symptoms

The nurse instructs Mrs. Moore to drink at least 2000 mL of fluid while taking a sulfa drug. The client states she cannot drink that much. The nurse should ask questions to assess which body system?

2. genitourinary

Which of the following complaints by a man taking tetracycline would be most indicative that he is experiencing ototoxicity? 2. he is unable to hear the television

2. he is unable to hear the television

The nurse can evaluate the client's response to therapy by asking him if _______.

2. his symptoms have been relieved

A nurse working in the clinic asks how the sulfonamides control an infection. The most accurate answer is that these drugs _______.

2. inhibit folic acid metabolism

The nurse observes a client taking a cephalosporin for common adverse reactions, which include _______.

2. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

*When reviewing a client's culture and sensitivity test results, the nurse learns that the bacteria causing the infection are sensitive to penicillin. The nurse interprets this result to mean that:

2. penicillin will be effective in treating the infection

The nurse is teaching preschool mothers about pyrantel treatment for pinworm infection. Which adverse reaction should the mothers report immediately to the primary health care provider?

2. rash

Identify the correct properties of sulfonamide drugs. Select all that apply.

2. reduces inflammation in colon 3. inhibits folic acid in bacterial cells 4. antibacterial

Which of the following statements about a virus is true?

2. reproduction occurs by invading a host cell

The client taking a fluoroquinolone plans to enter a marathon after treatment. The nurse is concerned about _______.

2. spontaneous tendon rupture

Identify the interventions to use when taking drugs with photosensitive reactions. Select all that apply.

2. use high SPF value sunscreen 3. wear head coverings on overcast days 4. clothing should be long sleeved

A client is prescribed 200 mg of minocycline oral suspension now, followed by 100 mg orally every 12 hours. The minocycline is available as an oral suspension of 50 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters does the nurse administer as the initial dose?

20

Metronidazole is available in 250-mg tablets. The client is instructed to take 750 mg once daily. How many tablets will the client take with each dose? _______

3 TAB

Clients taking a fluoroquinolone are encouraged to _______.

3. increase their fluid intake

The nurse observes a client receiving a sulfonamide for Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The signs and symptoms that might indicate this syndrome include ______.

3. lesions on the skin or mucous membranes

A client with diabetes who takes oral medications is receiving a sulfonamide for a UTI. The client is taught that compared to what the usual reading has been, the blood glucose level will be:

3. lower

To avoid a superinfection when taking fluoroquinolones, instruct the client to _______.

3. monitor for diarrhea

Which of the following laboratory tests would the nurse monitor in clients receiving flucytosine?

3. renal functions tests

A client asks the nurse why the primary health care provider prescribed an antibiotic when she was told that she has a viral infection. The correct response by the nurse is that the antibiotic may be used for a suspected _______.

3. secondary bacterial infection

*When mafenide (Sulfamylon) is applied to a burned area, the nurse _______.

3. warns the client that stinging or burning may be felt

Levofloxacin 500 mg IV is ordered for a client hospitalized with pneumonia. The drug is mixed in a syringe for an IV pump as a solution of 250 mg/15 mL. How many mL should be in the syringe? _______

30 ml

Oral rifampin 600 mg is prescribed. The drug is available in 150-mg tablets. The nurse should administer _______.

4 tabs

After administering penicillin in an outpatient setting, the nurse:

4. asks the client to wait in the area for at least 30 minutes

When asked to describe a photosensitivity reaction, the nurse correctly states that this reaction may be described as a(n) _______.

4. exaggerated sunburn reaction when the skin is exposed to sunlight

*A nurse asks if the client is allergic to penicillin before the first dose of the cephalosporin is given. The rationale for this question is that persons allergic to penicillin _______.

4. have a higher incidence of allergy to the cephalosporins

Which of the following drugs is the only antitubercular drug to be prescribed alone?

4. isoniazid

The nurse monitors the client taking isoniazid for toxic symptoms. The most common symptom of toxicity is _______. 4. jaundice

4. jaundice

Clients receiving sulfasalazine for ulcerative colitis are told that the drug _______.

4. may turn the urine an orange-yellow color

Fluoroquinolones kill bacterial cells by _______.

4. prohibiting DNA synthesis

Which of the following antitubercular drugs is contraindicated in clients with gout?

4. pyrazinamide

Cephalosporins are divided into "generations" according to:

4. sensitivity to microorganisms

Which of the following medications may be taken with food?

4. tigecycline

A client is prescribed isoniazid syrup 300 mg. The isoniazid is available as 50 mg/mL. The nurse should administer _______.

6 mL

A client weighs 140 lb. If amphotericin B 1.5 mg/kg/day is prescribed, what is the total daily dosage of amphotericin B for this client?

95.4 mg (140 lb = 63.6 kg) 1.5 mg/63.6 kg/day = 95.4 mg or 95 mg if rounding to the nearest whole number

Bacterial cells are different from human cells because they

: 1. have a cell wall

A nurse is caring for a client who takes several antiretroviral medications, including NRTI zidovudine, to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of zidovudine? SATA.

A. Fatigue D. hyperventilation E. vomiting

A nurse is assisting in preparing an in-service about the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy for clients who have bacterial infections. Which of the following host factors are conditions that affect antimicrobial effectiveness? sata

ABC. A. Meningitis B. Pacemaker. C. Pyelonephritis

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitrofuratin. Which of the following information should the nurse include? SATA.

ABC. Observe for bruising on the skin. Take medication with milk or meals. Expect brown discoloration of urine.

A nurse is reviewing the records of a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse expect a prescription for prophylactic antimicrobial therapy? SATA

ABCD. A client who reports exposure to a sexually transmitted infection. B. A client who is having orthopedic surgery. C. A client who has a prosthetic heart valve and planning to have dental work. D. A client who has recurrent urinary tract infections.

A nurse is caring for a client who is starting a course of gentamicin IV for a serious respiratory infection. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication? SATA

ABCE. A. Pruitus. B. Hematuria. C. Muscle weakness. E Vertigo.

A nurse is reviewing a medication information sheet about ciprofloxacin with a client. Which of the following information about adverse reactions should the nurse include? SATA

ABD. observe for pain and swelling of achilles tendon. watch for a vaginal yeast infection. inspect the mouth for cottage cheese like lesions.

A nurse is preparing a clients medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take i the following legal practice guidlines? SATA

ACD. A. Maintain skill competency. C. Monitor for adverse effects. E Identify the clients diagnosis.

A nurse is collecting data from a client before administration medications. Which of he following data should the nurse be sure to collect? SATA

ACE. use of herbal teas. Current health status. Food allergies

A nurse is reviewing a clients medication history ad notes an allergy to sulfonamides. This allergy is a contraindication for taking which of he following medications? SATA

ADE. Hydrochlorothiazide . Glipizide. Forosemide.

The nurse explains to a client receiving an IV injection that the action of the drug occurs _______.

Almost immediately

A nurse is caring for a group of clients who are receiving antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to monitor for manifestations of antibiotic toxicity?

An older adult client who has pristatitis.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is beginning a course of metronidazole. The nurse should remind the client to stop taking the medication and notify the provider if which of the following manifestations occur?

Ataxia

A newly hired nurse asks another nurse about the procedure for accepting a telephone prescription. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as indicating understanding of the process?

B. Another nurse should listen to the phone call

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking olfloxacin for upper respiratory infection. Which of the following statements should the nurse report to the provider?

B. I have had a foul-smelling diarrhea.

A nurse in an outpatient facility is preparing to administer nafcillin IM to an adult client who has an infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse plain to take? SATA

BCD. B. Administer the medication deeply into the ventrogluteal muscle.C. Ask the client about an allergy to penicillin before administering the medication. D. Monitor the client for 30 minutes following the injection.

The best placement of a transdermal patch for a client with dementia is the _______.

Back

A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for prochlorperazine 25 mg pr prn for nausea and vomiting. the nurse should clarify which of the following parts of prescription with the provider?

D. Frequency

A client with limited health literacy is prescribed azithromycin for a lower respiratory tract infection. Azithromycin is available in 250-mg tablets. The primary health care provider has ordered 500 mg on the first day, followed by 250 mg on days 2 through 5. The nurse shows the client how many tablets to be taken on the first day? _______. On the last day of therapy? _______

Day 1 = 2 tablets, days 2 through 5 = 1 tablet daily

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been receiving cefotaxime IV for the past week.Which of the following findings indicates a potentially serious adverse reaction to this medication that the nurse should report to the provider?

Diarrhea

A nurse is caring for a client who has subacute bacterial endocarditis and is receiving several antibiotics including steptomycin IM. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication?

Extermity parsthesias

A nurse is reviewing discharge teaching to a client who has active tuberculosis. The client asks why he must take four different medications. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Four medications decrease the risk for severe allergic reaction

A nurse is administering IV acyclovir to a client who has varicela, Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Infuse acyclovir 1 hr.

An im injection is correctly administered by

Inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus, pulmonary tuberculosis, and a new prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following supplements should the nurse expect to administer to prevent an adverse effect to inh?

Pyridoxie

A nurse is assisting with monitoring a client receiving IV amphotericin b. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Rigors

A nurse reviewng a cients heath record notes a new script for lidinopril 10 mg PO once every day. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescriptions?

Routine

he nurse is to administer aspirin 325 mg now. This is an example of what type of order?

STAT order .

A nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client who has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs (abacavir, and zidovudine) for treatmen of hiv. Which of the following statements hould the nurse make?

These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to the prevent HIV replication.