EXSC 327 Chapter 21 Quizzes

Blood volume expansion early in exercise training is due to increased plasma volume. A. True B. False

A

Initial values reveal that individuals with lower fitness deliver the greatest training improvement. A. True B. False

A

Sufficient weekly caloric expenditure reflecting training volume is the most important strategy for weight loss. A. True B. False

A

The LT represents the exercise intensity marking the start of an imbalance between the formation of reducing equivalents NADH H+ and FADH2 and the ability of the final common pathway to aerobically oxidize these reducing equivalents. A. True B. False

A

Which of the following statements is correct? A. The ventilatory threshold (VT) noninvasively estimates the lactate threshold (LT). B. The LT and onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) occur at the same exercise intensity. C. LT and OBLA shift to the left (occur at lower exercise intensity) following endurance training D. OBLA is the intensity of exercise that increases blood [HLa] 1 mmol·liter-1 above pre-exercise baseline

A

Duration of exercise is the key component to maintaining gains in VO2max. A. True B. False

B

Endurance training results in all of the following adaptations in muscle physiology except: A. Increased capillary:fiber ratio B. Increased concentration and activity of lactate dehydrogenase M4 isoform C. Increased concentration and activity of β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase D. Increased cross-sectional area of Type I fibers and Type II fiber oxidative potential E. Increased concentration and activity of glycogen phosphorylase

B

Optimal training benefits are obtained when training programs follow textbook predetermined specifics for frequency, intensity, and duration for every individual. A. True B. False

B

Pulmonary adaptations to submaximal exercise at a standard work rate following endurance training include all of the following except: A. Less production of and greater use of lactate as an energy substrate by respiratory muscles B. Higher VE/VO2 C. Greater tidal volume and lower breathing frequency D. Lower use of oxygen by respiratory muscles, allowing greater use of oxygen by exercising skeletal muscles

B

Studies of identical twins reveal that genotype has little effect on adaptations to aerobic and anaerobic training. A. True B. False

B

The rate-limiting factor to maximal rate of cellular respiration in skeletal muscle is the ability of the final common pathway to use oxygen and not oxygen transport by the cardiovascular system.. A. True B. False

B

Aerobic training increases blood flow to skeletal muscles during maximal exercise because of all of the following except: A. larger Qmax B. greater capillarization of muscle C. conversion of Type IIb fibers to Type I fibers D. reduced flow to nonactive tissues

C

All of the following are correct regarding training-related vascular modifications in cardiac tissue except: A. increased cross-sectional area of large proximal coronary arteries B. arteriolar proliferation and longitudinal growth C. greater adaptations in eccentric hypertrophy observed following high intensity resistance training D. collateral vessel recruitment E. increased capillary density.

C

Metabolic adaptations to aerobic training include all of the following except: A. larger mitochondria and greater [mitochondria] B. enhancements in central cardiovascular function C. decreased fat catabolism during submaximal exercise D. increased extraction of oxygen from arterial blood E. more oxidative-like fibers

C

Select the incorrect statement about overtraining. A. Symptoms reflect an imbalance between training volume and recovery B. Increased secretion of growth hormone and decreased secretions of insulin and cortisol are related to a decrease in tissue glucose and amino acid uptake. C. The symnpathetic form of overtraining is more common than the parasympathetic form. D. Endocrine effects include impairment in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axes

C

According to the position statement of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, regular moderate exercise during an uncomplicated pregnancy has the following effects except: A. decreases labor, delivery and post-partum recovery time B. increases orientation/alertness to environment, motor coordination, and response to maternal attention in infants of exercising mothers compared to infants of sedentary mothers C. decreases fetal resting heart rate D. decreases placental blood flow (causing fetal hypoxia) and decreases pH E. decreases maternal weight gain during pregnancy

D

All of the following are correct except: A. heart rates at rest and at standard submaximal workrates are lower in trained compared to sedentary individuals. B. greater left ventricular end-diastolic volume and intrinsic inotropic response (greater contractility) account for greater resting and exercise stroke volume trained compared to sedentary individuals. C. maximal cardiac output is greater in trained than untrained individuals, primarily due to enhanced stroke volume. D. cardiac output at a standard submaximal workrate may be higher in the trained individual due to enhanced avO2diff and ability to generate ATP at lower tissue PO2.

D

Select the incorrect information regarding the training-sensitive zone for a 60 year old female with a resting heart rate of 60 beats·min-1 A. 70% HRMax is lower than 70% of HRReserve. B. The modified HRMax method (207-{0.67·age}) estimates a HRMax than the traditional method (220-age). C. As aerobic fitness improves, exercise intensity must increase periodically to achieve the desired exercise HR. D. Upper-body and lower-body exercise will elicit the same HR response if performed at the same absolute power output or percent of mode-specific VO2max

D

The "athlete's heart" is characterized by all of the following except: A. increases in both chamber size and wall thickness B. increased sensitivity of cardiac fibers to trans-membrane Ca++ influx resulting in a greater inotropic effect C. differs from the enlarged heart pathology observed in severe chronic hypertension, congestive heart failure, and cardiomyopathy D. decreased cardiac myofilament expression and myofibril size E. adaptations to endurance training are primarily eccentric (increased chamber volume) whereas resistance training adaptations are primarily concentric (increased wall thickness).

D

Declines in VO2max with detraining track closely with declines in: A. Qmax B. SVmax C. capillary/fiber density D. oxidative and lipolytic enzyme activity E. all of the above

E

Which of the following affects the intensity of an interval workout? A. Work interval intensity B. Work interval duration C. Rest interval duration D. Number of work-recovery intervals E. All of the above

E

Which of the following represent expressions of exercise intensity? A. kilocalories·min-1 B. Absolute rate of power output C. %VO2max D. METs E. All of the above

E

Training adaptations which lower lactate production or increase lactate clearance include: A. Increased slow glycolysis B. Increased shuttling of cytosolic NADH H+ across the mitochondrial membrane C. Increased use of fatty acids as energy substrate D. Increased oxidation of lactate by the heart, liver, and adjacent less active tissue E. Increased oxidative capacity F. All of the above

F