extremities exam 1 questions
A physical sign known as "winged scapula" suggests loss of function to which of the following muscles? A. Rhomboid major B. Levator scapulae C. Latissimus dorsi D. Serratus anterior E. Trapezius
D. Serratus anterior
The inferior trunk of the brachial plexus is formed by anterior rami of which spinal cord segments: A. C5 B. C6 C. C7 D. C8 E. T1
D. C8 E. T1
All of the following bony landmarks are visible on a skeleton when viewed directly from behind (posterior view), EXCEPT: A. Medial epicondyle B. Greater tubercle C. Spiral groove D. Lesser tubercle E. Olecranon process
D. Lesser tubercle
After a time, when a motor nerve to a muscle is sectioned, the muscles will atrophy (get smaller). If you notice that the thenar muscles are atrophied, which nerve would you suppose has been injured? A. Musculocutaneous B. Ulnar C. Radial D. Median E. Thoracodorsal
D. Median
Which muscle acts as a synergist to the serrates anterior? A. Rhomboid major B. Levator scapulae C. Both D. Neither
D. Neither
Damage to the Coracobrachialis muscle would impair which motion of the forearm A. Extension B. Flexiono C. Pronation D. None
D. None
The posterior cord of the brachial plexus is formed by A. The anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks B. Cervical nerve roots C5-C7 C. The anterior divisions of the upper, middle, and lower trunks D. Posterior divisions of the upper, middle, and lower trunks
D. Posterior divisions of the upper, middle, and lower trunks
Which artery accompanies the radial nerve to supply the posterior compartment of the arm? A. Axillary B. Brachial C. Ulnar D. Profunda brachii E. Radial
D. Profunda brachii
The artery that may be palpated deep in the "anatomical snuff box" is the: A. Superficial ulnar B. Posterior interosseous C. Cephalico D. Radial E. Deep ulnar
D. Radial
A 52-year-old man was brought to the emergency room after being found in the park where he had apparently lain overnight after a fall. He complained of severe pain in the left arm. Physical examination suggested a broken humerus, which was confirmed radiologically. The patient was able to extend the forearm at the elbow, but supination appeared somewhat weak; the hand grasp was very weak when compared with the uninjured arm. Neurologic examination revealed an inability to extend the wrist ("wrist drop"). Since these findings pointed to apparent nerve damage, the patient was scheduled for a surgical reduction of the fracture. The observations that extension at the elbow appeared normal, but supination of the forearm weak, warrants localization of the nerve to the: A. posterior division of the brachial plexus B. posterior cord of the brachial plexus in the axilla C. radial nerve at the distal third of the humerus D. radial nerve injury in the vicinity of the head of the radius E. radial nerve in the mid-forearm
E. radial nerve in the mid-forearm
The uppermost part of the rotator cuff of the shoulder is the tendon of the: A. deltoid B. teres minor C. teres major D. subscapularis E. supraspinatus
E. supraspinatus
You are to perform a venipuncture of the median cubital vein. Which of the following structures is most suitably located to afford protection against your inadvertently entering the brachial artery rather than the veins? A. the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle B. the tendon of the brachialis C. the brachioradialis muscle D. the medial epicondyle of the humerus E. the bicipital aponeurosis
E. the bicipital aponeurosis
Which of the following structures pass between the middle and posterior scalene muscles? Choose all that apply. A: Brachial plexus B: Subclavian artery C: Subclavian vein D: All of the above E: None of the above
E: None of the above
The levator scapulae is innervated by: a. C3 & C4 nerve roots b. The dorsal scapular nerve c. Both d. Neither
c. Both
The most powerful forearm flexor starting from an extended position is the: A. Brachialis B. Biceps brachii C. Coracobrachialis D. Brachioradialis
A. Brachialis
A structure found in the deltopectoral groove is the A. Cephalic vein B. Basilica vein C. Radial veino Brachial vein D. Musculocutaneous nerve
A. Cephalic vein
The levator scapulae muscle A. Innervated by C3 and C4 cervical nerves B. Inserts on medial scapula angle C. Depresses scapula D. All of the above
A. Innervated by C3 and C4 cervical nerves
All of the following muscles are involved in arm flexion except: A. Biceps brachii B. Deltoid C. Coracobrachialis D. Brachialis
D. Brachialis
The supraglenoid tubercle serves as an attachment for the: A. Long head of biceps brachii B. Long head of triceps brachii C. Medial head of the triceps D. Coracobrachialis E. Subscapularis
A. Long head of biceps brachii
The ulnar nerve is a branch of which cord of the brachial plexus? A. Medial B. Lateral C. Posterior D. Anterior
A. Medial
At the front of the elbow, which of the following lies superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis? A. Median cubital vein B. Brachial artery C. Median nerve D. Ulnar nerve E. Cephalic vein
A. Median cubital vein
The circumflex scapular artery passes through which axillary space? A. Quadrangular space B. Triangular space C. Suprascapular notch D. Triangular interval
B. Triangular space
Loss of pronation of the hand suggests a lesion of the: A. Median nerve b. Radial nerve C. Ulnar nerve D. Intercostobrachial nerve E. Musculocutaneous nerve
A. Median nerve
What structure below is involved in forming the anterior wall of the axilla? A. Pectoralis major B. Intertubercular groove of humerus C. Subscapularis D. Axillary fascia
A. Pectoralis major
If a tumor grows in the quadrangular space of the axillary region which structure would be in danger? A. Posterior humeral circumflex artery and axillary nerve B. Posterior humeral circumflex artery and radial nerve C. Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery D. Circumflex scapular artery and radial artery E. Axillary artery and posterior humeral circumflex artery
A. Posterior humeral circumflex artery and axillary nerve
Which nerve is probably damaged if a patient cannot abduct the arm beyond 25 degrees? A. Axillary B. Radial C. Musculocutaneous D. Median E. Ulnar
A. Axillary
Which of the following muscles lacks a direct attachment to the humerus? A. Biceps brachii B. Coracobrachialis C. Brachialis D. Anconeus E. Deltoid F. Supraspinatus G. Teres minor
A. Biceps brachii
With the elbow flexed at 90 degrees the majority of supination is performed by the: A. Biceps brachii B. Supinator C. Brachialis D. Pectoralis minor E. Pectoralis major
A. Biceps brachii
The lateral cord of the brachial plexus is formed by the: A. Anterior division of the superior trunk B. Posterior division of middle trunk C. Anterior division of the lower trunk D. Posterior trunk
A. Anterior division of the superior trunk
What structure below is involved in forming the posterior wall of the axilla? A. Teres major B. Intertubercular groove of the humerus C. Axillary fascia D. Pectoralis major
A. Teres major
Which nerve-artery pair does not run together? A. Ulnar artery and inferior ulnar collateral artery B. Ulnar nerve and superior ulnar collateral artery C. Median nerve and brachial artery D. Anterior interosseous nerve and anterior interosseous artery
A. Ulnar artery and inferior ulnar collateral artery
What is the most common site for breast cancer? A. Upper outer quadrant B. Upper inner quadrant C. Lower outer quadrant D. Lower inner quadrant
A. Upper outer quadrant
The thoracodorsal nerve innervates the__________muscle and allows for__________rotation of the humerus. A. latissimus dorsi; medial B. deltoid; medial C. serrates anterior; lateral D. pectoralis major; medial E. subscapularis; medial
A. latissimus dorsi; medial
Mid-shaft humeral fracture A. radial nerve B. axillary nerve C. ulnar nerve D. median nerve E. medial brachial cutaneous nerve
A. radial nerve
The initiation of arm abduction requires an intact: A. suprascapular nerve B. axillary nerve C. upper and lower subscapular nerve D. nerve to the subclavius
A. suprascapular nerve
Most of the muscles that act on the shoulder girdle and upper limb joints are supplied by branches of the brachial plexus. Which of the following is not? A. trapezius B. teres minor C. latissimus dorsi D. rhomboid major E. levator scapulae
A. trapezius
The origin of the Cephalic vein is the: A: Dorsal venous plexus of the hand. B: Axillary vein. C: Brachial vein. D: Basilic vein.
A: Dorsal venous plexus of the hand
The rhomboid muscle complex (major & minor) is innervated by: A: The dorsal scapular nerve. B: C3 & C4 nerve roots. C: Both. D: Neither.
A: The dorsal scapular nerve
The nerve most likely to be traumatized with a fracture to the surgical neck of the humerus is the? A. Median B. Axillary C. Radial D. Ulnar E. Profunda brachii
B. Axillary
The dermatome of the thumb is innervated by various elements arising from which spinal cord segments? A. C5 B. C6 C. C7 D. C8 E. T1
B. C6
The lateral cord of the brachial plexus is: A. Formed by the anterior divisions of the middle and lower trunks of the brachial plexus B. Innervates the anterior compartment muscles of the arm C. Contains nerves from cervical roots 7 and 8 D.All of the above
B. Innervates the anterior compartment muscles of the arm
The triangle of auscultation is: A. Formed by the margins of the latissimus dorsi, teres major, and trapezius muscles B. Is useful in identifying the T6 level C. Is found immediately medial to the lateral margin of the scapula D. All of the above
B. Is useful in identifying the T6 level
The true statement about the posterior compartment of the arm is: A. It receives its motor supply from the median nerve B. It contains the profunda brachii artery and radial nerve C. It contains a single elbow flexor D. Its major artery is the brachial E. It contains the ulnar nerve in its distal part F. It receives motor supply from lateral cord of brachial plexus
B. It contains the profunda brachii artery and radial nerve
The infraglenoid tubercle serves as an attachment for the: A. Long head of the biceps B. Long head of the triceps C. Coracobrachialis D. Subscapularis
B. Long head of the triceps
Identify the muscle(s) involved in arm extension. A. Medial head of the triceps brachii muscle B. Long head of the triceps brachii muscle C. Lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle D. All of the above
B. Long head of the triceps brachii muscle
The distal attachment (insertion) of the triceps brachii muscle is A. Coronoid process of the ulna B. Olecranon process of the ulna C. Styloid process of the ulna D. Radial notch of the ulna E. Ulnar tuberosity
B. Olecranon process of the ulna
The muscle that forms the bulk of the anterior axillary fold is the: A. Latissimus dorsi B. Pectoralis major C. Subscapularis D. Teres minor E. Teres major
B. Pectoralis major
All of these arteries may contribute to the anastomoses around the scapula EXCEPT the: A. Transverse cervical B. Profunda Brachii C. Intercostal D. All contribute
B. Profunda Brachii
Which carpal bone articulates with the radius? A. Trapezoid B. Scaphoid C. Hamate D. Capitate
B. Scaphoid
The medial wall of the axilla is formed by which of the following muscles? A. Teres major B. Serratus anterior C. Pectoralis major D. Subscapulariso E. Pectoralis minor
B. Serratus anterior
Which of the following muscles does NOT rotate the arm medially (or internally)? A. Subscapularis B. Supraspinatus C. Latissimus Dorsi D. Pectoralis Majoro Anterior fibers of the Deltoid
B. Supraspinatus
Which of the following anatomic landmarks/structures is not associated with the pathway taken by the profound brachii artery in the arm? A. Lateral head triceps muscle B. Teres minor muscle C. Radial nerve D. All are associated pathways
B. Teres minor muscle
In the cubital fossa, which structure contributes to the lateral border? A: Pronator teres B: Brachioradialis C: Biceps brachii tendon D: Supinator muscle
B: Brachioradialis
Structures at particular risk with this fracture include but are not limited to the: A: Radial nerve, B: Circumflex humeral artery. C: Axillary artery D: A & B E: A & C F: B& C
B: Circumflex humeral artery
Ole Olafson, a 57year old white male, develops a neurofibroma of the musculocutaneous nerve located between the brachalis and biceps brachii muscle of this left arm. Because he is unable to seek medical care the mass grows to a 3 cm diameter mass. You would expect this mass to produce a deficit in: A: Arm flexion. B: Hand supination. C: Both. D: Neither.
B: Hand supination.
This muscle inserts on the floor of the intertubercular groove? A: Teres major B: Latissimus dorsi C: Pectoralis major D: Corachobrachialis
B: Latissimus dorsi
Identify the muscle(s) involved in arm extension. A: Medial head of the triceps brachii muscle. B: Long head of the triceps brachi muscle. C: Lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle. D: All of the above.
B: Long head of the triceps brachi muscle
When the forearm is fully flexed the brachial artery is nearly occluded (blocked), which of the following vessels will provide flow beyond the elbow? A: Nutrient artery B: Profunda brachii C: Inferior ulnar collateral D: anterior interosseous artery
B: Profunda brachii C: Inferior ulnar collateral
Select all that apply - which of the following are actions of the anconeus muscle? A: forearm flexion B: abducts the ulna during pronation C: tenses elbow joint capsule to prevent entrapment D: supinates the forearm
B: abducts the ulna during pronation C: tenses elbow joint capsule to prevent entrapment
This structure allows for full extension at the elbow? A: radial fossa B: olecranon fossa C: coronoid fossa D: intertubercular groove
B: olecranon fossa
At which location will occlusion of the identified artery result in significant impairment of arterial flow to the distal upper extremity? A. Subclavian artery distal to the thyrocervical trunk B. Proximal profunda brachii artery C. Brachial artery just proximal to the profunda brachii artery D. Brachial artery just proximal to the thoracoacromial trunk (artery)
C. Brachial artery just proximal to the profunda brachii artery
Which muscle functions only to flex the forearm? A. Biceps brachii B. Coracobrachialis C. Brachialis D. All flex the forearm
C. Brachialis
Which of these muscles is not attached to the coracoid process? A. Coracobrachialis B. Pectoralis minor C. Brachialis D. Biceps brachii
C. Brachialis
Which carpal bone articulates with the greatest number of other carpal bones? A. Trapezoid B. Trapezium C. Capitate D. Pisiform
C. Capitate
When taking the blood pressure, the stethoscope is usually placed on which artery? A. Ulnar B. Profunda brachii C. Axillary D. Brachial E. Radial
D. Brachial
Long thoracic nerve injury is associated with all of the following except? A. Winging of the scapula B. Difficulty with maximum arm extension overhead C. Decreased sensation over lateral thorax D. Difficulty performing a push up (even a girly one with your knees on the ground)
C. Decreased sensation over lateral thorax
Damage to the Coracobrachialis muscle and its nerve supply would weaken which motion of the arm and forearm? A. Extension B. Rotation C. Flexion D. Supination E. Abduction
C. Flexion
Which of the following muscles is a lateral rotator of the arm? A. Subscapularis B. Latissimus dorsi C. Infraspinatus D. Teres major E. Anterior fibers of the deltoid
C. Infraspinatus
The major function of the rotator cuff muscles is to: A. Assist in shoulder abduction B. Initiate medial rotation of the arm C. Maintain the humeral head in the glenoid fossa D. Prevent lateral rotation
C. Maintain the humeral head in the glenoid fossa
A humeral shaft fracture distal to the formation of the radial groove would result in weakness of: A. Long head of triceps B. Lateral head of triceps C. Medial head of triceps D. All heads of the triceps
C. Medial head of triceps
With an injury to the right upper trunk of the brachial plexus (Erb Duchenne paralysis), the patient's right upper extremity would be: A. Abducted B. Adducted C. Medially rotated D. Laterally rotated E. Flexed
C. Medially rotated
Which of the following nerves sends branches to the muscles of the arm? A. Mediano Ulnar B. Dorsal scapular C. Musculocutaneous D. Long thoracic
C. Musculocutaneous
Which nerve-artery pair does not run together? A. Radial nerve- Profunda brachii artery B. Axillary nerve- Posterior humeral circumflex artery C. Musculocutaneous nerve- Brachial artery D. Ulnar nerve- Brachial artery
C. Musculocutaneous nerve- Brachial artery
The only rotator cuff muscle that does not contribute to rotation of the arm is the: A. Teres minor B. Infraspinatus C. Supraspinatus D. Subscapularis
C. Supraspinatus
All of the following muscles attach to the medial border of the scapula EXCEPT the: A. Levator scapulae B. Rhomboideus major C. Teres major D. Serratus anterior E. Rhomboideus minor
C. Teres major
The nerve most likely to be injured in fractures of the medial epicondyle is the: A. Radial B. Axillary C. Ulnar D. Median E. Musculocutaneous
C. Ulnar
In the cubital fossa, the median cubital vein is frequently used for venipuncture. This vein is separated from underlying neurovascular structures by the: A. investing fascia of the brachialis muscle B. crural fascia C. bicipital aponeurosis D. anconeus muscle E. tendon of the biceps brachialis muscle
C. bicipital aponeurosis
Increasing muscle mass and tone is the aim of many people who work out at the gym. This is done by contracting the muscle against resistance. If you want to increase the muscle mass of the latissimus dorsi muscle, which of the following actions would you be most likely to perform? A. depression of the scapula B. abduction of the arm C. extension of the arm D. flexion of the arm E. lateral rotation of the arm
C. extension of the arm
Numbness to the skin on the lateral half of the palm of the hand would be caused by a lesion to which nerve? A. ulnar B. radial C. median D. superficial radial E. anterior interosseous
C. median
If the dorsal rootlets of T4 are cut (dorsal rhizotomy) there will be a loss of sensation at the level of the: A. neck B. clavicle C. nipple D. umbilicus
C. nipple
Which nerve-artery pair does not run together? A: Radial nerve- Profunda brachil artery. B: Axillary nerve- Posterior humeral circumflex artery. C: Musculocutaneous nerve- Brachial artery. D: Ulnar nerve- Brachial artery.
C: Musculocutaneous nerve- Brachial artery.
Which artery supplies the first two intercostal spaces? A: Lateral thoracic B: Thoracodorsal C: Superior thoracic D: Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial trunk
C: Superior thoracic
This structure is found running between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscle? A: basilic vein B: axillary artery C: cephalic vein D: brachial artery
C: cephalic vein
Identify muscles involved in arm extension A. Latissimus dorsi B. Teres major C. Deltoid D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The pectoralis minor A. Inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula B. Actual function in upper extremity innervation is generally unknown C. Organizes the contents of the axilla D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which nerve would most likely be injured by a traumatic dislocation of the humeral head? A. Radial B. Musculocutaneous C. Median D. Axillary E. Ulnar
D. Axillary
In this patient, paralysis of the supinator muscle only slightly affects the ability to supinate due to the unimpaired action of the: A. Pronator teres B. Brachioradialis C. Pronator quadratus D. Biceps brachii E. Triceps brachii
D. Biceps brachii
Which joint serves as the only bony attachment of the superior limb to the axial skeletion? A. Glenohumeral B. Acromioclavicular C. Scapulothoracic D. Sternoclavicular E. Costoclavicular
D. Sternoclavicular
All of the following muscles are arm adductors except: A. Teres major B. Pectoralis major C. Latissimus dorsi D. Supraspinatus
D. Supraspinatus
The long head of the biceps brachii muscle arises from the A. Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula B. The acromion process C. The corocoid process D. The supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula E. Short head of the triceps
D. The supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Damage to the medial pectoral nerve will disrupt functions of which muscle(s): A. Deltoid B. Pectoralis major C. Pectoralis minor D. Two of the above E. None of the above
D. Two of the above
A 52-year-old man was brought to the emergency room after being found in the park where he had apparently lain overnight after a fall. He complained of severe pain in the left arm. Physical examination suggested a broken humerus, which was confirmed radiologically. The patient was able to extend the forearm at the elbow, but supination appeared somewhat weak; the hand grasp was very weak when compared with the uninjured arm. Neurologic examination revealed an inability to extend the wrist ("wrist drop"). Since these findings pointed to apparent nerve damage, the patient was scheduled for a surgical reduction of the fracture. In this patient, paralysis of the supinator muscle only slightly affects the ability to supinate due to the unimpaired action of the: A. pronator teres B. brachioradialis C. pronator quadratus D. biceps brachii E. triceps brachii
D. biceps brachii
The lateral boundary of the cubital fossa is formed by the: A. flexor carpi radialis muscle B. tendon of the biceps muscle C. brachialis muscle D. brachioradialis muscle E. pronator teres muscle
D. brachioradialis muscle
This muscle acts to flex and adduct the arm? A: Pectoralis minor B: Brachialis C: Biceps brachii D: Coracobrachialis
D: Coracobrachialis
In the cubital fossa, which structure is found immediately lateral to the brachial artery? A: brachial artery B: median nerve C: deep radial nerve D: biceps brachii tendon
D: biceps brachii tendon
The superficial vein that runs up the ulnar side of the upper limb is the: A. Radial B. Median forearm C. Axillary D. Cephalic E. Basilic
E. Basilic
All of these arteries may contribute to the anastomoses around the scapula EXCEPT the: A. Subscapular B. Transverse cervical C. Suprascapular D. Intercostal E. Lateral thoracic
E. Lateral thoracic
A large muscle that arises from two heads, flexes and medially rotates the arm. It is innervated by nerves arising from different cords of the brachial plexus. This is the: A. Latissimus dorsi B. Trapezius C. Deltoid D. Subscapularis E. Pectoralis major F. Biceps brachii
E. Pectoralis major
A branch of the axillary artery is the: A. Costocervical B. Verterbral C. Dorsal scapular D. Suprascapular E. Subscapular
E. Subscapular
Which of the following statements is TRUE for the pectoralis major muscle? A. It arises from the humerus B. It inserts into the bony ribs C. It abducts the arm D. It is innervated by the median nerve E. There is no true statement
E. There is no true statement