Fed Gov ch. 7

Besides registration, which of the following is usually cited as a reason for low voter turnout? -Location of polling places -Compulsory voting -Lack of effective voter mobilization -Poll taxes -Literacy tests

Lack of effective voter mobilization

Researchers have found that political apathy is which of the following in the United States compared to almost all other nations? -Much lower -Slightly lower -About the same -Slightly higher -Much higher

Much lower

Which of the following is a statewide election of delegates to a party's national convention, where the delegates will choose the party's presidential nominee? -Primary election -Party primary -Presidential primary -Delegation primary -General election

Presidential primary

Which of the following qualifications for voting was virtually eliminated in all states by the 1850s? -Property ownership -Age requirements -Grandfather clauses -Poll taxes -Literacy tests

Property ownership

With respect to political participation, what is the "great equalizer"? -Protesting -Voting -Contacting political elites -Educating voters -Party activism

Protesting

Compared to whites, African Americans today tend to have political participation rates that are which of the following? -Far lower -Slightly lower -About the same -Slightly higher -Far higher

About the same

Which of the following was the first known act of unconventional participation in America? -Revolutionary War -Declaration of Independence -Civil rights marches of the 1960s -Mayflower Compact -Boston Tea Party

Boston Tea Party

An example of a citizen using "contacting behavior" is which of the following? -Calling the county animal control office to remove a raccoon from a garage -Reciting the Pledge of Allegiance -Pressuring an alderman to vote against an increase in school taxes -Flying the American flag on July 4 -Standing during a parade when the American flag passes by

Calling the county animal control office to remove a raccoon from a garage

A practical test of whether or not a government is democratic is which of the following? -People can operate outside government institutions to influence policymaking. -Citizens can affect its policies by acting through its institutions. -Direct action is necessary for government to hear citizens' views. -Conventional political action consists largely of influencing behaviors and not supportive behaviors. -There is only one political party.

Citizens can affect its policies by acting through its institutions.

The march from Selma demonstrated to the nation the seriousness of which of the following? -Health care coverage -Civil rights movement -Union rights -Gun violence -The constitutional amendment process

Civil rights movement

A legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in similar circumstances is known as which of the following? -Class action suit -Initiative -Supportive politics -Public act -Referendum

Class action suit

Relatively routine participatory behaviors that use the established institutions of representative government such as voting in an election are called which of the following? Process Conventional Social Gatekeeper Formula

Conventional

To maintain order, the government has a stake in doing which of the following whenever possible? -Converting education into voting behavior -Converting wealth into participation -Converting unconventional participation into conventional participation -Converting voters into advocates -Converting foreign policy issues into domestic policy issues

Converting unconventional participation into conventional participation

When individuals petition a local government to demand a hearing related to a policy, they are engaging in which of the following? -Direct democracy -Apathy -Democracy -Civil rights -Direct action

Direct action

The standard socioeconomic model of participation chiefly refers to which of the following? -Age, race, and education -Gender, ethnicity, and income -Race, income, and religion -Age, education, and political interest -Education, income, and occupation

Education, income, and occupation

Which of the following amendments to the Constitution prohibits states from denying the right to vote "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude"? -Tenth -Fourteenth -Fifteenth -Thirteenth -Nineteenth

Fifteenth

Which of the following amendments extended voting rights to African American males? -Thirteenth Amendment -Fourteenth Amendment -Fifteenth Amendment -Nineteenth Amendment -Twenty-First Amendment

Fifteenth Amendment

Which of the following is a criterion that must be met for a country to be considered democratic? -Having a two-party system -Being politically divided along traditional liberal/conservative lines -Having more than one political party -Allowing initiative and referendum -Preventing interest groups from unduly influencing elections

Having more than one political party

In general, which of the following factors contributes to higher voting rates? -Greater geographic mobility -Higher education levels -Minority status -Living in the South -Less competitive races

Higher education levels

Which of the following best describes the relationship between income and voting? -Individuals with lower incomes are more likely to vote than individuals with higher incomes. -Individuals with lower incomes are likely to have higher levels of political knowledge. -Income has no effect on voter participation. -Individuals with higher incomes are more likely to vote than individuals with lower incomes. -Individuals with higher incomes have lower levels of political knowledge.

Individuals with higher incomes are more likely to vote than individuals with lower incomes.

When citizens contribute money to a candidate's campaign, they are engaging in which of the following? -Unconventional participation -Supportive behavior -Influencing behavior -Competitive behavior -Elite behavior

Influencing behavior

In what way does pluralism benefit citizens? -It allows them to be treated as individuals. -It lowers the cost of participation. -It ensures that the best decision will be reached. -It speeds up the decision-making process. -It minimizes corruption and undue influence.

It allows them to be treated as individuals.

Which of the following best describes the right to vote? -It has been expanded since the writing of the Constitution. -It has not been extended to those without property. -It has been given to foreign nationals as long as they are in the United States legally. -It can never be taken away. -It is taken away if one does not vote in five elections.

It has been expanded since the writing of the Constitution.

Because it depends on mass participation in politics, majoritarianism tends to do which of the following? -It enhances individual freedom. -It favors the less wealthy. -It minimizes the impact of differences in socioeconomic status. -It limits individual freedom. -It disproportionately advantages politically motivated individuals.

It limits individual freedom.

What was the effect of the Twenty-Sixth Amendment that enfranchised 18- to 20-year-olds? -It boosted voter turnout in the United States above that of most -other democratic nations. -It reduced the national voter turnout rate. -It increased the national voter turnout rate. -It decreased the percentage of the population that distrusts the American political system. -It countered the increasing social mobility of this group

It reduced the national voter turnout rate.

Characteristics frequently associated with nonvoters include which of the following? -Low education, high income, and being middle-aged -Low education, low income, and being relatively young -High education, low income, and being relatively old -Low education, low income, and being middle-aged -High education, high income, and being middle-aged

Low education, low income, and being relatively young

In Oregon, everyone votes by which of the following methods? -Telephone -Internet -Electronic devices -Mail -Town meetings

Mail

Women could vote in all states with the ratification of which of the following amendments in 1920? -Fifteenth -Nineteenth -Twentieth -Twenty-First -Twenty-Second

Nineteenth

Which of the following granted women the right to vote? -Thirteenth Amendment -Fourteenth Amendment -Fifteenth Amendment -Nineteenth Amendment -Twenty-First Amendment

Nineteenth Amendment

Someone who asserts that elections "socialize political activity" is contending that elections are mechanisms that maintain which of the following? -Freedom -Majoritarianism -Equality -Order -Independence

Order

Which of the following terms can be defined as the actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or support government and politics? -Direct action -Political participation -Unconventional participation -Conventional participation -Conventional behavior

Political participation

The relationship between participation and order is complicated because of which of the following? -Order and participation are inherently contradictory. -Participation promotes order. -Order promotes participation. -Some types of participation promote disorder. -Individuals are increasingly disinterested in both order and participation.

Some types of participation promote disorder.

The 1955 Montgomery bus boycott is an example of which of the following? -Unsuccessful unconventional political participation -Indirect action -Successful conventional political participation -Successful unconventional political participation -Unsuccessful conventional political participation

Successful unconventional political participation

Which of the following is not generally considered to be a form of political participation? -Voting -Participating in a boycott -Joining a protest -Terrorism -Discussing politics

Terrorism

Which of the following groups is most likely to engage in unconventional political participation? -The disadvantaged -The wealthy -The elite -Men -Government officials

The wealthy

Which of the following groups of Americans turns out to vote at the lowest rate? -Voters with children -The wealthiest voters -The oldest voters -Middle-aged voters -The youngest voters

The youngest voters

Elections, as an institutional mechanism, do which of the following? -They have no perceptible effect on policies and actions of governments. -They diminish the power and authority of the state. -They encourage the citizenry to engage in other kinds of political participation. -They bolster the power and authority of the state. -They equalize competing factions.

They bolster the power and authority of the state.

Congress and the states moved quickly to pass the Twenty-Sixth Amendment, which lowered the voting age to 18, because of which of the following? -They recognized the justice of the student antiwar and civil rights movements. -They knew that student voter turnout would be low. -They expected the new voters to change the political balance of power drastically. -They hoped to channel student energy away from demonstrations and toward more conventional forms of participation. -They believed young voters would be predominantly Democratic.

They hoped to channel student energy away from demonstrations and toward more conventional forms of participation.

The American emphasis on freedom over equality in political participation works to the benefit of which of the following? -Union members -The poor -Those with greater resources -No particular group -Nonvoters

Those with greater resources

Which of the following amendments lowered the voting age to 18? -Eighteenth Amendment -Nineteenth Amendment -Twentieth Amendment -Twenty-Sixth Amendment -Twenty-Seventh Amendment

Twenty-Sixth Amendment

In 1965, which of the following laws was passed by Congress that effectively ended strategies that had discriminated against African Americans at the polls? -Civil Rights Act -Equal Voting law -Federal Rights Act -Motor Voter law -Voting Rights Act

Voting Rights Act

The majoritarian model of democracy favors which of the following? -Both conventional and unconventional forms of participation -Unconventional forms of participation -Resourceful individuals seeking particularized benefits -Better-educated, wealthier citizens -Voting as the primary means of participation

Voting as the primary means of participation

Compared with other nations in the world in granting suffrage to women, the United States was which of the following? -Was among the first -Ranked about in the middle -Lagged far behind -Was unique in extending that right without being pressured to do so -Was more selective in which women were extended the right

Was among the first

Which of the following groups tends to be overrepresented in the electorate? -Wealthier people -People under the age of 65 -Voters aged 18 to 24 -The working poor -Hispanics

Wealthier people

Freedom as a value in political participation tends to advantage which group? -Poor voters -Wealthy individuals -Religious voters -Racial minorities engaged in protests -Women voters

Wealthy individuals