Federalist Papers: Federalist 10 and Federalist 51

What are factions, according to Madison and where dos he write of them?

A number of citizens united by a common political or social interest; paragraph 2

What is the most common and durable source of faction, according to Madison?

Various and unequal distribution of property

Give two examples of the 'checks and balances' in the US constitutional system.

President can veto; Senate must approve Supreme Court judges

How could we cure the 'mischiefs of faction', according to Madison? Why are these remedies worse than the disease, according to Madison?

Removing its causes-- but removing liberty hurts government and political life and it is impossible and immoral to remove personal differences

What is Madison's solution for controlling the effects of factions?

Republican government -- ensures small factions cannot be widespread, just contained

What is federalism?

Sovereignty is divided between central and constituent governments

What is a republic, what is a pure democracy, and how do they differ?

The differences lie in that a republic's power lies in a small number of representatives elected by the whole, meaning it can be instituted over a greater amount of people

Where do the rights of property originate, according to Madison?

'The diversity in the faculties of men'

Which methods does Madison suggest to check the powers of government?

Division into departments and arrangement of government offices so that they might check one another

Which branch did Madison think would be weakest?

Executive

What are the three branches of government?

Executive, legislative, and judiciary

What is the 'end' (supreme goal) of government, according to Madison?

Justice

What are the causes of faction, according to Madison?

Liberty, difference of opinion, and inequality

Which branch appears as an exception to the separation of powers norm? Why is this exception not dangerous?

The judicial branch-- all they can do is uphold the people's rights

What is the primary object of government, according to Madison?

The protection of our inherent differences

What are the two great advantages of federalism, according to Madison?

The state/federal cooperation is a double safeguard and control of functions

How does a republic inhibit the effects of factions, according to Madison?

There is enough representation to provide various opinions, but not so many as to cause chaos and confusion

How is the separation of powers between the three branches assured?

Through the Constitution, that each may police the other