final
What is the secretion of eccrine sweat composed of?
99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of waste, vitamin C
DNA replication takes place during what phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Which of the following shows the correct order of phases of the cell cycle?
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
which organelle produces most of the atp?
Mitochondria
What are the steps in tissue repair?
Restoration of blood supply, regeneration, an inflammation
What cell is responsible for fuel storage?
adipocytes
The subdural space lies between what two meninges?
arachnoid and pia
excitation-contraction requires what substance
calcium and atp
what is an accurate description of the cellular level of organization?
cells are composed of different molecules that interact to form larger structures, each type of which has a specific function
where are the cells with microvilli commonly found?
cells that are actively engaged in absorption
which primary tissue type has an extensive cellular matrix?
connective tissue
What cells arise from the bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis and protect action of immune cells?
dendritic cells
Where is the primary ossification center of long bone?
diaphysis
what part of each spinal nerve innervates the skin and muscles of back
dorsal ramus
Whats the most abundant and widespread type of sweat gland?
eccrine
what ciliated neuroglia cells play an active roll in moving cerebral spinal fluid
ependymal cells
Which structures make up the diencephalon?
epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus
what are the primary tissue types?
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Which choice includes only structures enclosed within the superior mediastinum?
esophagus, trachea, thymus
what type of membrane transport requires a protein helper?
facilitated transport, primary active transport, secondary active transport
which cellular organelle is responsible for packaging and transporting proteins destined for export from the cell?
golgi apparatus
What type of cartilage forms the embryonic skeleton?
hyaline
What are the most abundant cells in the epidermis?
keratinocytes
what is considered an inclusion not an organelle?
lipids
which cellular function requires centrioles?
moves chromosomes during cell division
What are the only important unicellular glands?
mucous cells and goblet cells
How is a gene best defined?
noncoding segments of DNA up to a hundred thousand nucleotides long
which choice includes items that are survival needs of the body?
nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, oxygen
What cells in the CNS form myelin?
oligodendrocytes
what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve
opthalmic branch, maxillary branch, mandibular branch
In the bone matrix, osteoblasts become trapped by the matrix and become what type of cells?
osteocytes
Which molecule is made during translation ?
polypetide chains
where do pre ganglionic fibers synapse
post ganglionic neurons
what are receptors that monitor muscle tension and joint position
proprioceptors
Which cellular organelle consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes?
rough endoplasmic reticulum
which plexus arise from L4-S4
sacral plexus
what is the epithelium tissue found in the lining of kidney tubules?
simple cuboidal epithelial
Which single celled layer of epithelia forms a lining of serous membrane?
simple squamous
What type of cells are related to diffusion and filtration
simple squamous cells
what organelle would be present in a lipid based concentration?
smooth endoplasmic reticulumn
What type of muscle fiber has caveolae but no t-tubules?
smooth muscle cells
What is happening when a skeletal muscle cell contracts and the muscle cell shortens?
some myosin heads are forming cross bridges while others are releasing them.
What type of tissue makes up the epidermis?
stratified squamous epithelium
What are the layers of the epidermis?
stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum
what are clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons on the spinal cord called
sympathetic trunk ganglion
what are the cells that are associated with sensory receptors?
tactile cells
How is the mechanism of contraction in smooth muscle different than skeletal muscle?
the molecule that calcium binds to is different
what waves are active in sleep
theta waves
What is the fate of the chondrocytes that are present when the bone is forming?
they die and they replace stem cells
What glands produce hormones that decrease blood calcium levels?
thyroid gland
Which type of membrane junction prevents the leakage of fluids between cells into deeper layers of tissue
tight junctions
Whats the function of t-tubules
transmitting electrical signal through entire muscle
what are the mixed function cranial nerves
trigeminal , facial, glossopharyngeal , vagus