Final

George and Janet have been married for 60 years. When asked to share their secret to a long marriage, George MOST likely replied: "She depends on me for money." "We spend ample time apart." "We have learned how to disagree." "We each have our own friends instead of a combined social circle."

"We have learned how to disagree."

Maxine's father just died. She was very close to him, and simply cannot face the reality of his death. To those around her, it appears that Maxine is not grieving at all. Maxine is experiencing _____ grief. disenfranchised complicated absent incomplete

absent

Alisha learned from their science teacher that their height resulted from about 700 genes, each contributing a tiny amount of genetic information. This means that their height is due to: nonadditive genes. additive genes. recessive genes. dominant genes.

additive genes.

After about a year of trying for a baby, Tom and Selma see their physician. The couple finds out that Tom has a low sperm count, which may explain the difficulty they are having. What should Tom avoid in order to improve his sperm count? alcohol outside exercise carbohydrates sitting for more than 20 minutes at a time

alcohol

Wayne has inherited genes that put them at risk for developing diabetes, but they never develop diabetes due to a healthy diet and exercise. This example demonstrates that human characteristics, including diabetes, are: epigenetic. continuous. nonadditive. polygenic.

epigenetic.

Baby Keri enjoys playing with their dad's keys, but when their dad takes them away, Keri does not search for them. Piaget would say that is because Keri does not understand: conservation. affordances. egocentrism. object permanence.

object permanence.

Alicia has just entered a hospice and can expect: to be resuscitated if they step breathing on their own. pain management. being placed on an artificial life-support system. restricted visiting hours for family and close friends.

pain management.

Wayne is in late adulthood and has fond memories of childhood and early adulthood but seems to have forgotten negative experiences. This can BEST be explained by: happiness paradox. stratification. positivity effect. race crossover.

positivity effect.

Juanita needs to have surgery, and wants to make sure that the surgeon they choose is the most skilled. Which of these questions should Juanita ask potential surgeons? "How many years have you been a surgeon?" "What was your undergraduate GPA (grade point average)?" "How often have you performed this operation?" "Where did you go to medical school?"

"How often have you performed this operation?"

Which belief might a typical preschooler hold following the death of their grandfather? "I'm glad my grandfather died, because he was boring." "I will say a prayer." "I caused my grandfather to die because I told him he was boring." "I should bring flowers to my grandmother because my grandfather died."

"I caused my grandfather to die because I told him he was boring."

Abran is a typically developing toddler. By age _____ months, Abran should be able to combine two words, such as, "Daddy bye-bye." 15 9 12 18

18

Who is MOST likely to experience few psychological problems during middle childhood? Alberto, who is being raised by both biological mother and father Gareth, who is being raised by their biological mother and a romantic partner Bobby, who is being raised by a single dad Ron, who is being raised by a single mom

Alberto, who is being raised by both biological mother and father

Which is the BEST example of an adult using selective optimization with compensation? Rick, who wears reading glasses due to astigmatism Giovanni, who always buys and drives a standard transmission vehicle so they will not forget how to do so Bettie, who uses sticky-note reminders in their home, office, and car Dorothy, who is learning to play the piano in retirement

Bettie, who uses sticky-note reminders in their home, office, and car

Which individual is MOST at risk for significant brain loss by age 65? Bill, who drinks five beers per day Mark, who jogs 3 miles five days a week Jerome, who watches three hours of TV a day Oswald, who has normal blood pressure

Bill, who drinks five beers per day

Chris is 8 months old, and settles down quickly and listens raptly while their mom sings "The Itsy Bitsy Spider." What factor BEST accounts for Chris's interest in this song? Chris loves the rhymes and repetition. Chris remembers the story and loves how it ends. Chris doesn't remember the story, so the end is always exciting. Chris loves the simple plot line.

Chris loves the rhymes and repetition.

Claire suffered a transient ischemic attack, or ministroke. The symptoms disappeared shortly thereafter and the ministroke went unnoticed by friends and family. What is likely to happen next? Claire will develop Parkinson's disease. Claire will continue to lead a full, active life, because ministrokes are isolated events that do not often happen again. Claire will need physical therapy to prevent future problems. Claire will most likely have other strokes; the first one was a warning.

Claire will most likely have other strokes; the first one was a warning.

Statistically, which woman is at the greatest risk for having a low-birthweight baby? Amber, who is 27 years old and middle class Cloie, who regularly misses meals Delfina, who is a Hispanic immigrant Jody, who has been diagnosed with diabetes

Cloie, who regularly misses meals

Peter's mother is a native Spanish speaker, and his father is a native English speaker. He hears both languages equally often and is addressed in Spanish by his mother and in English by his father. If Peter is a typical toddler, how will his language skills be affected by this early experience? He will often mix the two languages together and be unable to differentiate them. His cognitive skills will lag behind those of similar-aged monolingual children. He will be able to differentiate between both languages. He will be able to understand one language but not the other.

He will be able to differentiate between both languages.

Janet is reading a storybook aloud to her 2-year-old daughter, Abigail. Abigail's father says, "Why are you bothering? It's not like she's going to learn to read from that." What would you tell Abigail's father about reading to preschoolers? He's wrong; children whose parents read to them as preschoolers tend to be better readers in elementary school. He's wrong; children whose parents read to them by age 2 are skilled readers by age 4. He's right; it doesn't matter whether parents read to their preschoolers. He's right; children whose parents read aloud to them too early lose interest in books.

He's wrong; children whose parents read to them as preschoolers tend to be better readers in elementary school.

Helo, who is 55, could not understand why he kept slowly gaining weight. He was eating the same amount of food that he had each day since he was 20, and they got regular exercise. What could explain his weight gain? He overate due to regular exercise. His metabolism had slowed down. He is likely very ill; this situation is very unusual. He really was not gaining weight; his height was decreasing.

His metabolism had slowed down.

James, 16, invites a group of his high-school friends to swim in a neighbor's pool late at night while that neighbor is away. They climb the fence and jump in, playing wildly and loudly in the water. A few minutes later, the police arrive. How does adolescent brain development help explain James's poor decision-making? His prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped. His limbic system is underdeveloped. His amygdala is underdeveloped. The regions regulating his emotions are overdeveloped.

His prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped.

Who is MOST likely to be the healthiest and happiest at age 70? Kimm, who lives with their husband of 50 years Marla, who never married and lives alone Sorren, who has been divorced for 23 years and lives with their daughter Judith, who has been a widow for 16 years and did not remarry

Kimm, who lives with their husband of 50 years

Which example is common for the industry versus inferiority stage? Amanda decides to stop taking piano lessons. Juan is having difficulty in learning math, but they continue to practice. Trevor says, "My parents never let me do anything!" Clayton says that their girlfriend, Claire, doesn't understand them.

Juan is having difficulty in learning math, but they continue to practice.

Since Dwayne's wife died, he has been eating the exact same thing—and a very small amount of it—for breakfast and lunch every day. Most nights, he skips dinner. Sometimes he seems confused when his granddaughter calls to check in on him. Based solely on this information, which diagnosis is MOST likely? He must have had a ministroke. Malnutrition is causing symptoms that mimic dementia. He is likely in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Lewy body dementia is the most likely cause of his symptoms.

Malnutrition is causing symptoms that mimic dementia.

Maurice is a middle-aged doctor who is an expert at laser eye surgery for the correction of myopia. They graduated from medical school 35 years ago. Juan is a young doctor who also does the surgery; they graduated from medical school five years ago. According to the text, who would likely be the better choice for operating on your eyes? Maurice; they will probably complete the operation more quickly than Juan. Juan; because they are younger, they think faster and can adjust to problems that arise. Juan; they graduated more recently and know the most recent techniques. Maurice; they have done the operation so often that they are more strategic and flexible.

Maurice; they have done the operation so often that they are more strategic and flexible.

Which is an example of scaffolding? Bryce buys a do-it-yourself kite kit for their 6-year-old daughter Angela. They lay all of the pieces out for them and then allow them to read the instructions and follow them their self. Miriam helps their son David to make cookies. They measure all of the ingredients out and place them on the counter in small bowls. They read the recipe aloud as David places the ingredients in the bowl and mixes them together with a spoon. Josie and Priscilla buy an Xbox game system for their 5-year-old daughter Rebecca. They set it up for them and then allow them to figure out how to turn it on and use it. Jason helps their son build a model airplane by assembling it while their son watches.

Miriam helps their son David to make cookies. They measure all of the ingredients out and place them on the counter in small bowls. They read the recipe aloud as David places the ingredients in the bowl and mixes them together with a spoon.

Which situation is NOT an example of a healthy approach to sexuality in older adulthood? Recently, Tony read an article that said that elderly couples can have sexual lives that are just as active as they did in earlier adulthood. They have been pressuring their wife, Margaret, to have sex with them every night since then. Claire and Sam, married 45 years, have sexual intercourse three times a month and feel completely satisfied with hugs and kisses in between. After the death of their husband of 35 years, Beverly invited their new romantic partner to live with them. They sleep in the guest bedroom, and they live apart together. After the divorce, Virginia has relegated sexual intercourse to their past and doesn't seek sexual connections with new partners.

Recently, Tony read an article that said that elderly couples can have sexual lives that are just as active as they did in earlier adulthood. They have been pressuring their wife, Margaret, to have sex with them every night since then.

Brianna returned to full-time employment six weeks after her baby's birth. She exclusively breast-fed during her maternity leave, and then pumped her breast milk when she returned to work. Now her baby is 3 months old and drinks some formula when at daycare. Brianna wants to stop breast-feeding. If you were a pediatric nurse, what would you say to her? She should keep breast-feeding until the baby begins to eat solid foods, which is the point at which breast milk loses its nutritional value. She can quit breast-feeding since all of its benefits are achieved within the first three months. She should quit breast-feeding since it is only beneficial if the baby doesn't drink any formula. She should keep breast-feeding as long as possible since breast-fed babies are less likely to get sick.

She should keep breast-feeding as long as possible since breast-fed babies are less likely to get sick.

Veronica is concerned because their child is 12 months old and is starting to walk before learning to crawl. What advice would a pediatrician give to Veronica? The child needs to be tested because this may be a sign of a serious learning disability. They should not let their child continue to walk until they have learned to crawl. They should wait another month or so to see if the child crawls and walks at the same time. They should not be worried since some babies do not crawl.

They should not be worried since some babies do not crawl.

Which child is MOST likely to have the best-developed theory of mind? Ivy, age 5, who is the oldest of three children Brianna, age 4, who is an only child Thomas, age 3½, who has two older siblings Boris, age 3½, who has a twin sister

Thomas, age 3½, who has two older siblings

Cora has begun keeping a detailed journal that includes stories of their childhood, early adulthood, and adult life. Cora plans to pass the journal down to their grandchildren as a family history so that they can know them in a more intimate way. The journal is known as: a cathartic evaluation. confessional psychotherapy. an aesthetic summary. a life review.

a life review.

Krishna has heard from their parents about the dangers of smoking and agrees with their parents about the potential dangers. At a party Krishna is offered a cigarette but declines it even though the person who offered the cigarette is one of the most popular students at school. In this situation, what type of thinking is MOST likely dominating Krishna's decision to decline the cigarette? concrete reasoning inductive reasoning intuitive thought analytic thought

analytic thought

Joe was playing under the dining room table when they stood up suddenly and bumped their head. Joe pointed at the table and sternly said, "Mean table!" Joe is demonstrating Piaget's concept of: animism. centration. operational thinking. egocentrism.

animism.

"Doctor, if you can find a new treatment that will cure me, I will buy the hospital a new cancer wing," Wanda promises. Which of Kübler-Ross's stages is Wanda in? denial bargaining anger depression

bargaining

Josie's father recently died after a long illness. Though Josie has not attended religious services since they were a child, it is likely that they will: become more spiritual after being confronted with this death. refuse to attend the funeral. not believe in any sort of life after death. never move past their grief because they do not practice a religion.

become more spiritual after being confronted with this death.

Once a week, Erica locks herself in her bedroom and gorges on cookies, cakes, ice cream, and other snack foods. She eats until her stomach hurts, and this has been going on for five months. Erica is very private about her eating splurges and is embarrassed and depressed over her out-of-control eating. Erica is demonstrating characteristics of: anorexia nervosa. anxiety-based eating disorder. binge-eating disorder. BMI (body mass index) dysfunction.

binge-eating disorder.

While working on a coloring worksheet, 5-year-old Alma can be heard whispering, "Color this one blue. Stay in the lines. Oh, yellow would be pretty." According to Vygotsky, Alma's utterances are: indicative of emotional problems. egocentric. undermining her learning. called private speech.

called private speech.

Sam wants to wear only name-brand clothes to school and is concerned with having the latest smartphone. This is related to the development of _____ during middle childhood. inferiority concrete thinking preoperational thinking industry

concrete thinking

Babu has always been very organized and self-disciplined. They conform easily to standards set for their performance at work. They are high on which of the Big Five traits? extroversion conscientiousness agreeableness openness

conscientiousness

Chad steals food to feed themself and their little brother because they are starving. If another child hears about this and states, "Chad shouldn't steal because stealing is against the law," that child is MOST likely in Lawrence Kohlberg's _____ stage of moral development. premoral conventional preconventional postconventional

conventional

Dr. Smith is studying intellectual development in adulthood. In order to generate the MOST accurate view of intellectual development, Dr. Smith should use a _____ research design. cross-sectional longitudinal cross-sequential case study

cross-sequential

Cora is asked by their son to help with making a list of all the presidents of the United States for a school project. In order for Cora to help their son, they will need to rely on _____ intelligence. practical creative crystallized fluid

crystallized

Abigail's mother has been reluctant to tell her that Grandpa Bo is dead. After keeping Abigail home with a babysitter during the funeral, her mother has said things like, "Grandpa Bo had to go away." But Abigail, who has heard adults talking about the death, senses that her mother is avoiding the topic and has come to the conclusion that: there are some things kids just shouldn't know. death is a terrifying topic that even adults can't discuss. adults just want to protect their children. the conversations were probably false and Grandpa Bo is just away for a while.

death is a terrifying topic that even adults can't discuss.

Brenda and her mother were shopping for a birthday gift for Brenda's father. "How about this? Daddy would love it!" Brenda exclaimed, showing her mother a pink and purple toy horse with flowing mane and tail. Brenda's belief that her father would enjoy a toy that she herself would enjoy is an example of: irreversibility. egocentrism. static reasoning. conservatism.

egocentrism.

After a recent breakup, Michelle is entering the workforce for the first time in over seven years. As a single parent with three children, they need a livable wage, good benefits, and a retirement plan. Michelle is focused on the _____ of work. self-fulfilling prophecy intrinsic rewards extrinsic rewards secondary gains

extrinsic rewards

Edu grew up in several different foster homes and never knew their parents. When they started working with Kent, they became close to Kent's family, to the point where they fondly referred to them as "our newfound son." The family "adopted" Edu as: a kindred brother. a foster son. a surrogate sibling. fictive kin.

fictive kin.

Brad is an adopted child who lives with three siblings, all biological children of his adoptive parents. Brad's math skills are far better than those of his adoptive parents or his adoptive siblings. This provides evidence that: genes may have a stronger effect on talents than familial environment. Brad's own initiative to excel is greater than that of his adoptive family. shared familial influences play a stronger role than was previously believed. few environmental effects on personality come from outside the family.

genes may have a stronger effect on talents than familial environment.

George uses the word "more" to mean "I want another cookie." In this case, "more" is a(n): reflexive communication. overextension. preverbal communication. holophrase.

holophrase.

Deandre is 15 years old. Their parents are often annoyed because Deandre tends to ask critical questions such as, "I don't understand why I'll be able to vote when I'm 18, but I have to wait until I'm 21 to buy alcohol!" This demonstrates Deandre's: hypothetical thinking. deductive reasoning. inductive reasoning. perceptual thinking.

hypothetical thinking.

Sven and Rosa have been married for nearly 30 years. Their youngest child left home six months ago. If they are typical, the quality of their marriage should: be tumultuous, because they have grown apart over the years. improve, because they have more time to spend together. worsen, because there are no children to act as buffers. remain constant, no different than earlier years.

improve, because they have more time to spend together.

Newborn Kendra received an Apgar score of 4. This score indicates that Kendra is: in need of emergency care. hungry, cold, and irritable. healthy and responsive. slightly lethargic but in good condition.

in need of emergency care.

Three different girls tell David that The Notebook is their all-time favorite movie. David concludes that all girls love that movie. David has just used: adolescent egocentrism. hypothetical reasoning. inductive reasoning. deductive reasoning.

inductive reasoning.

After nearly 25 years with the company, Jeff's job was outsourced. They want their new job to offer not only a good wage but also job satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment. They are focused on the _____ of work. primary gains secondary gains intrinsic rewards status

intrinsic rewards

Fifteen-year-old Suan wants to be allowed to drive the family car, even though they do not yet have a driver's license. When their parents ask them why they think they should have driving privileges, Suan answers, "I know other kids who do it, and it's just stupid that I have to wait another year!" This is an example of _____ thinking. intuitive analytic logical rational

intuitive

Steven's father takes him to the barber for his first real haircut. At first, Steven is excited, but as soon as the barber makes the first cut in his hair, he becomes very upset and tells his father to make the barber stop. In spite of his father's efforts to assure Steven that his hair will grow back, Steven is exhibiting the Piagetian characteristic known as: animism. irreversibility. egocentrism. centration.

irreversibility.

Jed entered a state of deep unconsciousness after a serious automobile accident. Their cognitive functions have ceased though they are still breathing. Their family and friends notice that their eyes have occasionally opened and they have made a few irregular sounds. Jed: is in a coma. is in a vegetative state. has locked-in syndrome. has brain death.

is in a vegetative state.

Ten-year-old India caught Sheryln, their best friend, lying to their own mom. India will probably: tell their own mother about the lie. tell Sheryln's mother about the lie. no longer be friends with Sheryln. keep quiet about it.

keep quiet about it.

Wu makes sure that his children and grandchildren get together as a family several times each year. Wu can be described as a(n) _____ with his family. kinkeeper member of a skipped generation member of the sandwich generation fictive kin

kinkeeper

Janice's parents are wealthy. When Janice was a child they pressured her to excel. This may lead Janice to engage in all of these behaviors EXCEPT: delinquency. maternal care. drug abuse. poor academic performance.

maternal care.

Teraji spends almost two hours getting ready for school every day. They insist on only wearing brand-name clothes. Teraji also wears specific sunglasses to demonstrate that they are a member of the popular crowd, and participates in verbal bullying of students in the loner crowd. Teraji is MOST likely to be at what level of the education system? college middle school preschool elementary school

middle school

Dave has a ball of Silly Putty. His 6-year-old son, Mason, watches as Dave flattens the Silly Putty into a thin "pancake." When Dave asks Mason if there is now more Silly Putty, Mason replies "Yes" because he has: an understanding of object permanence. demonstrated fast-mapping. an understanding of scaffolding. not mastered the concept of conservation.

not mastered the concept of conservation.

Francis is a retired registered nurse who fills in at the local hospital when the staff is in need of nurses. Francis is frequently called in without advance notice and must take over without any time to get oriented. Frances must rely on what Robert Sternberg calls "_____ intelligence" in order to grasp the expectations and needs of the situation. practical analytic flexible creative

practical

Bryson spent the first four years of life living with various family members and in various foster homes. Maggie, their second cousin, adopted Bryson about six months ago. Although Maggie provides Bryson with love, support, and stimulation, Bryson does not seem attached to Maggie. They resist any kind of affection and prefer to be alone rather than socialize with the new family. According to the DSM-5, Bryson probably has: reactive attachment disorder. oppositional defiant disorder. a severe cognitive impairment. posttraumatic stress disorder.

reactive attachment disorder.

Margaret helps take care of their grandchildren for their adult child. Margaret is also caring for their own aging parents. Margaret is part of the: sandwich generation. skipped generation. kin generation. fictive generation.

sandwich generation.

Imanu lives with her brother and both biological, married, parents. No other relatives live in the home. What type of family structure is this? skipped family standard North American family extended family stepfamily

standard North American family

Nadiene says, "There is no way I am going to school today with this pimple on my cheek. Everybody is going to laugh at me." Nadiene is demonstrating: the imaginary audience. an implicit judgment. the invincibility fable. a volatile mismatch.

the imaginary audience.

Veronica's mother often lets their 6-month-old baby watch Baby Einstein videos. According to research on language and video exposure, what is Veronica likely learning from this program? how to read very little how to count new vocabulary words

very little

Baby Danny weighed 2 pounds, 8 ounces at birth. Danny would be classified as _____ birthweight. extremely-low low average very-low

very-low

Brianna is an extremely timid and anxious 9-year-old girl. Other children seem to dislike them. They appear to be a(n): withdrawn-rejected child. controversial child. neglected child. aggressive-rejected child.

withdrawn-rejected child.