final exam

(Q028) The objective of Gabriel's rebellion of 1800 was to

take over the city of Richmond and hold whites as hostages.

(Q017) John C. Calhoun of South Carolina considered this idea "the most false and dangerous of all political errors."

that all men are created equal and entitled to liberty

(Q035) Free blacks drew upon what political office to justify "birthright citizenship"?

the President

(Q031) The War of 1812 was ended by what treaty?

the Treaty of Ghent

(Q015) The population rush into California in 1848 was a result of

the discovery of gold

(Q008) Which of the following was a mounting source of concern over the effects of the market revolution?

the increasing dependence of workers upon wage labor

(Q005) The Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819 negotiated

the sale of parts of Florida from Spain to the United States.

(Q009) The Second Middle Passage was

the slave trade from the older states to the Lower South.

(Q035) What two southern cities witnessed relatively prosperous free black communities develop in the 1800s?

Charleston and New Orleans

(Q001) Northern Republicans labeled those opposed to the war

Copperheads

(Q031) Southern planters felt a community of interest with

Cuban and British slaveowners.

(Q031) In Johnson v. M'Intosh, the Supreme Court proclaimed that

Indians were not in fact owners of their land, but merely had a "right of occupancy."

(Q014) Chicago's spectacular growth between 1830 and 1860 was principally due to

Railroads

(Q020) Which of the following was part of the Missouri Compromise of 1820?

Slavery was prohibited in the remaining Louisiana Territory north of 36°30'.

(Q032) Why did slave owners in the 1850s begin to sell their city slaves to the countryside?

They thought their slaves had too much independence, which negatively influenced the relation between master and slave.

(Q030) The largest effort at educational institution building before the Civil War came in the movement to establish

common schools

(Q008) Robert Owen's utopian society promoted this idea to allow workers to receive the full value of their labor.

communitarianism

(Q004) Which of the following groups was a major target of the New York City draft riots?

conscription officers

(Q016) The Second Confiscation Act

liberated slaves of disloyal owners in Union-occupied territory, as well as slaves who escaped to Union lines.

(Q007) Which of the following was an area of public activism open to women during the 1830s and 1840s?

public meetings

(Q014) In 1860, the largest economic investment in the United States was in

slaves

(Q013) Population in the North was 22 million in 1860, while the white population of the South in 1860 was

5.5 MILLION

(Q026) Democracy in America was written by

Alexis de Tocqueville.

(Q018) In the XYZ affair of 1797,

French officials presented American diplomats with a demand for bribes.

(Q033) Between 1840 and 1860, most immigrants entering the United States were from what two countries?

Germany and Ireland

(Q015) Which of the following is a true statement about Jackson's political beliefs?

He felt African-Americans should either remain as slaves or be freed and sent abroad.

(Q025) How did the Panic of 1819 shape American views of banks?

It fostered a major backlash of anti-bank sentiment.

(Q024) The case that established judicial review was

Marbury v. Madison.

(Q063) During the market revolution, the emergence of organized political parties spurred newspaper publication.

True

(Q007) Compared to Brazil and the West Indies, involving hundreds or even thousands of slaves, revolts in the United States were

smaller and less frequent.

(Q016) What effect did the Embargo of 1807 have on manufacturing in the United States?

stimulated it's growth

(Q011) Most of the labor in building the public buildings of the national government in Washington, D.C., was done by

African-American slaves.

(Q019) America's first black newspaper was called

Freedom's Journal.

(Q011) Which of the following was an element in the 1841 Dorr War?

Supporters of democratic reform organized a People's Convention, which drafted a new constitution for the state of Rhode Island.

(Q016) President James Madison favored a system of national economic incentives for manufacturers, a protective tariff, a new national bank, and federal financing of roads and canals that came to be known as

The American System

(Q005) There were calls by some expansionists for the United States to annex all of Mexico, yet the movement failed because

of the fear that the nation could not assimilate the large non-white Catholic population.

(Q027) Which of the following was a Confederate advantage in fighting the Civil War?

The southern commander, General Lee, was a skilled tactician who hoped that a series of defeats would weaken the North's resolve.

(Q005) A major hindrance during the outbreak of war included this railroad situation.

There was no national railroad gauge so trains built for one line could not run on another.

(Q066) In the Lower South, fugitive slaves tended to head for rural plantations to hide in plain sight.

False

(Q071) The Louisiana Purchase stalled Thomas Jefferson's plan to remove Indian tribes beyond the Mississippi River that refused to cooperate in "civilizing" themselves.

False

(Q056) The 1828 "tariff of abominations" led to the nullification crisis.

True

(Q056) The Barbary Wars were the United States' first contact with the Islamic World.

True

(Q057) Henry David Thoreau held the view that people were being stifled by modern society, and trapped in boring, dead-end jobs by their obsessive desire to earn money.

True

(Q002) The American Colonization Society called for

a gradual end to slavery and the resettlement of blacks outside the United States.

(Q025) Ralph Waldo Emerson was which of the following?

a transcendentalist

(Q021) In the mid-1800s, few plantations had dedicated buildings for slave worship so most slaves

worshipped in secret or in biracial churches with white ministers.

(Q042) Lincoln was initially not concerned with the issue of slavery as his paramount concerns were to keep the border slave states in the Union and to build the broadest base of support in the North for the war effort.

TRUE

(Q047) By the 1840s, southern leaders were convinced that slavery must expand or die.

TRUE

(Q051) By 1860, New York City had become the nation's financial, commercial, and manufacturing center.

TRUE

(Q049) During the 1820s and 1830s, an emergent labor movement began voicing concerns about harsh working conditions, economic insecurity, and growing inequalities of wealth.

True

(Q051) In 1792, Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Women in response to Thomas Paine's Rights of Man.

True

(Q030) During the first two years of the Civil War, most of the fighting took place in

Virginia and Maryland.

(Q006) The Hartford Convention

affirmed the right of a state to interpose its authority if the federal government violated the Constitution.

(Q021) The Fugitive Slave Act

allowed federal commissioners to determine the fate of fugitives without the benefit of a trial or testimony by the accused individual.

(Q020) The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

established the principal of popular sovereignty to decide the status of slavery.

(Q015) "Slave patrols" were

farmers who kept a lookout for runawterm-88ay slaves.

(Q040) The Alien Act of 1798 reflected fear of immigrants possessing

radical political views.

(Q017) Abraham Lincoln's January 1, 1863, Emancipation Proclamation freed

some slaves, but exempted those in areas under Union control.

(Q024) The first American conflict to be fought primarily on foreign soil and the first in which American troops occupied a foreign capital was

the Mexican War

(Q029) The "Second War of Independence" was

the War of 1812.

(Q020) "Manifest destiny" was

the belief that the United States had a divinely appointed mission to expand westward.

(Q018) The Free Soil Party's platform called for

the government to bar slavery from the western territories and provide land free in the territories to people who wanted to homestead there.

(Q019) In the Compromise of 1850,

the slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia.

(Q029) Between 1800 and 1860, around 1 million slaves moved from older slave states to the Deep South, traveling

to the Deep South to work in cotton fields.

(Q006) Between 1848 and 1860, American trade with China

tripled

(Q028) In response to the nomination of Stephen Douglas's Democratic candidacy, seven of the southern delegates

walked out of the convention, causing it to recess in confusion.

(Q023) The Republican Party, founded in 1854,

was a coalition of antislavery Democrats, northern Whigs, Know-Nothings, and Free Soilers.

(Q053) Lincoln shared many of the racial prejudices of his day, including opposing Illinois blacks the right to vote or serve on juries.

TRUE

(Q054) Abby Kelley was one of the foremost female abolitionist orators in the country during her time.

TRUE

(Q056) Many Americans saw the reform impulse as an attack on their own freedom, particularly the temperance movement.

TRUE

(Q038) What was General Grant's strategy in 1864 that became a turning point in the war for ultimate Union victory?

to use as many Union troops on the battlefield as possible in a war of attrition

(Q012) What 1793 invention spurred the rise of the Cotton Kingdom and fueled demand for slaves?

cotton gin

(Q018) Early U.S. textile mills relied largely on the labor of

women and children

(Q032) In her 1845 work Woman in the Nineteenth Century, this writer sought to apply to women the transcendentalist idea that freedom meant a quest for personal development.

Margaret Fuller

(Q001) In the early decades of the 1800s, the population living in Texas who were non-Indian and of Spanish origin were called

Tejanos

(Q025) The Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in December 1865,

abolished slavery throughout the Union.

(Q019) The Era of Good Feelings was so-called because

they were years of one-party government.

(Q059) The 1836 Specie Circular declared that the federal government would accept only specie (gold and silver) in payment for public land.

True

(Q059) The common nineteenth-century view was that men are naturally aggressive, rational, and domineering, while women are naturally nurturing, selfless, and ruled by emotions.

True

(Q032) Which of the following statements is true regarding the Trail of Tears?

At least one-quarter of the Indians perished during the winter of 1838-1839.

(Q011) This first martyr of the antislavery movement was killed by a mob in Illinois while defending his press.

Elijah P. Lovejoy

(Q002) A significant theme of the Monroe Doctrine was that

European powers should refrain from further colonization in the Americas.

(Q039) The Know-Nothing Party was founded as a crusade against slavery.

FALSE

(Q041) The American Temperance Society, founded in 1826, directed its efforts to redeeming habitual drunkards, not the occasional social drinker.

FALSE

(Q043) Horace Mann argued that it was not a school's responsibility to reinforce social stability by rescuing students from the influence of parents who failed to instill the proper discipline in their children.

FALSE

(Q045) Over the course of the war, Confederate troops were better supplied than Union troops.

FALSE

(Q049) During the Civil War, the North instituted a draft, but the South never did.

FALSE

(Q036) This religion started after its leader claimed to have been led by an angel to a set of golden plates covered with strange writing, which he translated and later published.

Mormonism

(Q015) Which of the following was a characteristic of Robert Owen's early-nineteenth-century utopian communities?

Owen promoted communitarianism as a way of making sure workers received the full value of their labor.

(Q019) Which of the following statements accurately reflects Fries's Rebellion of 1799?

President John Adams dispatched federal troops to the area.

(Q014) Which is true of Martin Van Buren's campaign for president?

Rather than being dangerous and divisive, he believed political parties were a necessary and desirable element of political life.

(Q013) The two political parties of the mid-1790s were the

Republicans and Federalists.

(Q026) On their journey of exploration from Missouri to Oregon, Lewis and Clark were accompanied by the American Indian interpreter

Sacajawea.

(Q004) Which of the following was a trend in American democracy during the 1820s and 1830s?

Selling candidates and their images was as important as the positions for which they stood.

(Q004) Stretching from Maine to Kentucky, this was the most successful of the religious communities in the mid-1800s.

Shakers

(Q038) Free blacks were regularly excluded from

Steamships

(Q036) What was the meaning of the Civil War for poet Bret Harte?

The war led to the sacrifice of individual soldiers.

(Q037) The prevalence of plantation slavery kept the South from matching northern rates of immigration, industrial development, and urban growth.

True

(Q041) Although denied the ballot, women found a voice in the public sphere during the 1820s and 1830s.

True

(Q069) The same American leaders of democracy who hailed the French Revolution as a step in the universal progress of liberty reacted in horror against the Haitian Revolution.

True

(Q029) Which of the following is part of the generally accepted account of the 1822 conspiracy led by Denmark Vesey?

Vesey had purchased his freedom after winning the lottery.

(Q022) The Second Great Awakening was

a popular religious revival that swept the country in the early 1800s

(Q037) New York City and Philadelphia experienced what type of violent events in the 1840s and 1850s?

anti-immigrant riots

(Q018) The idea of "perfectionism" was the view that

both individuals and society at large can be capable of indefinite improvement.

(Q016) In 1853-1854, President Millard Fillmore dispatched American warships to Japan under the command of Commodore Matthew Perry to

force a trade treaty with an outright demand that the Japanese deal with the United States.

(Q033) According to Pauline Davis in 1853, to emancipate women from "bondage," women must

go to work outside the home.

(Q029) The government-sponsored construction of roads and canals in the early 1800s later deemed unconstitutional was called

internal improvements.

(Q012) "Impressment" as practiced by the British was

kidnapping sailors.

(Q030) Nat Turner

led an 1831 slave uprising in Virginia, killing about sixty whites.

(Q008) The expansionist spirit of the early nineteenth century that God intended the American nation to reach all the way to the Pacific Ocean was called

manifest destiny.

(Q027) Dorothea Dix, a Massachusetts school teacher, was the leading proponent of

more humane treatment of the insane.

(Q004) Thomas Jefferson brokered an agreement to assuage southerners to accept Alexander Hamilton's economic plans in exchange for

the building of a new and permanent national capital in the South.

(Q001) The "peculiar institution" of the South was

the issue of slavery

(Q017) The Panic of 1819 was caused by

the land bubble burst and fallen prices.

(Q008) Paternalism meant

the master was the head of the system, including providing his slaves with protection and the right of care.

(Q021) The "Revolution of 1800" was

the peaceful transfer of the office of the presidency between political parties.

(Q025) With the Louisiana Purchase,

the size of the nation was doubled.

(Q053) Government involvement in the economy decreased during the Civil War.

FALSE

(Q044) The Shawnee brothers Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa led the way in promoting Indian adoption of white customs.

False

(Q046) The Supreme Court did little to promote the entrepreneurial agenda of the market revolution.

False

(Q053) Florida was victoriously delivered to American hands with the assistance of local Indians and Spain's suggestion to sell the area.

False

(Q053) Free blacks gained the right to vote in every state in the Union after 1800.

False

(Q065) The nineteenth century's "cult of domesticity" applied to slave women as well as white women.

False

(Q010) What was the result of the Missouri court case involving the "crime" of Celia?

She was sentenced to death.

(Q011) As Lincoln withdrew forces in the West to protect areas in the East, tensions flared between the Indians and settlers, leading to

Sioux Indians killing hundreds of white farmers.

(Q039) More Americans died in the Civil War than in any other war in U.S. history.

TRUE

(Q042) In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court ruled that African-Americans had no rights that whites were compelled to recognize.

TRUE

(Q046) In the absence of a strong national government, American social and political activity was organized through voluntary associations such as churches, fraternal societies, and political clubs.

TRUE

(Q046) By 1860, the economic investment represented by the slave population exceeded the value of the nation's factories, railroads, and banks combined.

True

(Q051) A small number of African-Americans owned slaves in the Old South.

True

(Q021) The Homestead Act

offered 160 acres of free public land to settlers in the West.

(Q012) By the eve of the Civil War, free blacks in the South were allowed to own

property.

(Q013) When Texas declared itself independent of Mexico, its new constitution

protected slavery even though Mexico had earlier abolished slavery.

(Q010) "Gentlemen of property and standing" were

merchants with close commercial ties to the South.

(Q016) In the aftermath of the War of 1812, Americans tended to view Canadians as

monarchial and lacking in an understanding of liberty.

(Q010) In the mid-1800s, this concept had replaced class as the boundary between those American men who were entitled to enjoy political freedom and those who were not.

race

(Q014) The Civil War is sometimes called "the first modern war" because it used weapons and other technological advances of the industrial revolution. Which of the following was one of these advances?

railroads

(Q007) Which of the following was a difference between the Democrats and the Whigs during the Jackson years?

The Whigs favored public measures and other policies to regulate personal morality; the Democrats did not.

(Q012) The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in February 1848

ended the Mexican War

(Q031) What did Frederick Douglass encourage African-Americans in the North to do as part of the war effort after 1863?

enlist in the United States Army