Final Exam Chapters 11-18

Iterations are short time frames (time boxes) that typically last from ___________.

1-4 weeks

Sally receives the following information on her project: PV = 100, AC = 75, EV = 100. How well is the project doing in terms of budget?

25 under budget

Traditional project management practices require

A high degree of predictability

When you have recovered from your sense of psychological disorientation and begin to function and communicate, you are in which of the following stages of culture shock?

Adaptation

In regard to outsourcing, the MOST effective way to avoid problems with schedules and deadlines is to

Add a penalty clause to the contract.

During which stage of team development is high performance not a top priority and attention is devoted to wrapping up the project?

Adjourning

_____________ represents a fundamental shift away from the traditional plan-driven project management approach by adopting a more experimental and adaptive approach to managing projects.

Agile project management

Project professionals assigned to foreign countries should have a minimal understanding of _________.

All of these

Individual rewards for outstanding work would NOT include

All of these are examples of individual rewards for outstanding work.

When negotiating, the tendency is to want to win! Why is this not a good approach when managing contracted relationships?

All of these are reasons a competitive approach to negotiation should not be used when managing contracted relationships.

In order to hedge against unpredictability within a project, Agile Project Management uses

An adaptive and experimental approach.

Specific features are created using Scrum methodology according to four distinct phases. Which of the following places these phases in the correct order?

Analysis, Design, Build, Test

When project managers impose a solution to dysfunctional conflict after listening to each party, they are __________ the conflict.

Arbitrating

Of the following costs, which are NOT included in baseline?

Budget Reservers

When not going through normal protocols of the parent organization becomes habit and results in rejection of policies and procedures, this is known as which of the following project pitfalls?

Bureaucratic bypass syndrome

For some agile projects, ___________ are established, which is the maximum budget that should not be exceeded in the development of a given product or service.

Ceilings

When a project starts with a high priority but it is canceled because its rank erodes or crashes during its project life cycle. This is an example of what type of project closure?

Changed Priority

The most common circumstance for project closure is simply a ________ project.

Completed

_______________ is the Agile principle that prescribes the project team learning, reflecting and adapting to change within the Project

Continuous Improvement

When considering traditional versus agile project management, all of the following are part of the traditional project management model EXCEPT

Continuous design

While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when teams reflect, learn, and adapt to change, and when project work updates the plan?

Continuous improvement

Communication difficulties due to language differences are examples of which of the following environmental factors?

Cultural

Scrum uses a series of coordinated meetings to manage the development process. During which of the following is it discussed what was done since the last meeting, what will be done before the next meeting, and if anything is limiting performance?

Daily Scrum meeting

The following are ways a project manager can manage a customer's expectations and perceptions EXCEPT

Delay communicating problems that you feel can be resolved without involving the customer.

Obtaining __________ is a major and critical closure activity for the Project Manager.

Delivery Acceptance

When considering traditional versus agile project management, all of the following are part of the agile project management model EXCEPT

Design up front.

The cost variance for a project is calculated by

EV - AC

Which of the following methods will measure the cost efficiency of the work accomplished to date?

EV/AC

Which of the following methods will measure the scheduling efficiency of the work accomplished to date?

EV/PV

The schedule variance for a project is calculated by:

EV_PV

Iterative development processes provide the following important advantages EXCEPT

Ease of comparing actual information against planned.

Exchange rates, inflation, and education level of the workforce are examples of which of the following environmental factors?

Economic

Culture is a concept that encompasses all of the following EXCEPT

Economic Level

Strategies to manage dysfunctional conflict do NOT include _____ the conflict.

Encourage

Outsourced projects are susceptible to conflicts since people are unaccustomed to working together. Which of the following is a primary control mechanism for dealing with and resolving problems?

Escalation

In order to be even moderately successful at managing relations, a project manager needs to be skilled at managing customer ___________ and ____________ .

Expectations; Perceptions

_______________ is the Agile principle describes the process that teams goes through to solve problems to deliver on features expressed by the stakeholder(s).

Experimentation and Adaption

While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when testing assumptions early and building working prototypes to solicit customer feedback and refine product requirements?

Experimentation and adaptation

A disadvantage of an iterative development process used in agile project management is that it is difficult to detect defects and problems early.

FALSE

A sprint burndown chart is used to monitor progress toward completion of the project.

FALSE

Agile methods can be used on larger scale projects in which several teams are working on different features at the same time. This is called staging.

FALSE

Each new iteration replaces the work of the previous iterations and adds new capabilities to the evolving to produce a next expanded version of the product.

FALSE

Fixed scope is part of the agile project management model.

FALSE

In Scrum methodology, it is important to make sure roles and titles are clear when developing a team.

FALSE

Project difficulty varies according to the extent the project scope is known and stable and the technology to be used is known and proven.

FALSE

Project managers should wait to give feedback to the project team and team members until the project has been completed. Giving feedback throughout the project can distract project teams.

FALSE

Specific features are created using Scrum methodology according to four distinct phases: analysis, design, monitor, and test.

FALSE

The purpose of release planning is to establish the goals and a general WBS for the project

FALSE

Because of circumstances beyond the control of the project team, many projects are easy for a review group to close down. This type of project closure is called

Failed Project

Because English is the international language for business, project managers can usually be just as successful without any training in the host country's language.

False

A ________ is defined as a piece of a product that delivers some useful functionality to a customer

Feature

_______________ is the Agile principle where the project team uses business-driven prioritization of requirements and features.

Focus on Customer Value

While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when employing business-driven prioritizations of requirements and features to satisfy customer needs?

Focus on customer value

Which of the following is NOT a potential advantage of managing international projects?

Foreign currency exchange rates

During which stage of team development do team members establish ground rules and try to find out what behaviors are acceptable and what performance expectations are?

Forming

An information systems specialist reported that his performance on a project in Northern Sweden declined due to sleep deprivation during the summer months in which there were 20 hours of daylight each day. This is an example of which of the following environmental factors?

Geographic

When the new and unusual are welcomed you are experiencing which of the following stages of culture shock?

Honeymoon

Organizations examine a number of characteristics to determine whether an individual is suitable for overseas work. The following are all examples of characteristics examined EXCEPT

If the candidate is in the position to move if necessary.

Disadvantages of outsourcing project work may likely include all of the following EXCEPT

Increased Costs

Which of the following is NOT a key to successful partnering relationships?

Independent project teams

Which of the following would NOT be appropriate to assess when evaluating team performance?

Individual strengths and weaknesses

Needs for a project could include telecommunications, transportation, power, and availability of technically skilled talent. These are examples of which of the following environmental factors?

Infrastructure

It is common practice to rely on ___________, often natives who are foreign educated, to bridge the gap between cultures.

Intermediaries

When you begin to lose confidence in your ability to communicate and work effectively in the different culture, you are in which of the following stages of culture shock?

Irritability and hostility

_______________ is the Agile principle in which the team creates a flow of value to the stakeholder(s) or customer(s) by delivering smaller, functional increments of the project.

Iterative and Incremental Delivery

While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when creating a flow of value to customers by chunking project delivery into small, functioning increments?

Iterative and incremental delivery

The following are ways of coping with culture shock EXCEPT

Keep Expectations High

Which of the following is commonly associated with high-performing project teams?

Mistakes are viewed as opportunities for learning.

Specific features are created using Scrum methodology according to four distinct phases. Which of the following is NOT one of these phases?

Monitor

During which stage of team development do close relationships develop and the group demonstrates cohesiveness?

Norming

Sam is the coach of a high school soccer team and has noticed that some close relationships have formed as well as feelings of camaraderie and shared responsibilities for the team's success. Which stage of development is the team in?

Norming

The transferring of business functions or processes to other companies has traditionally been known

Outsourcing

Which of the following are required to assess the current status of a project using the earned-value cost/schedule system?

PV, EV, and AC

American project managers have earned a reputation abroad for being very good at understanding technology but not good at understanding

People

During which stage of team development is the team fully functional and accomplishing project goals?

Performing

This type of closure occurs when the project may never seem to end. At some point the review group should recommend methods for bringing final closure to this type of project. This is considered to be ___________ closure

Perpetual

Outsourcing project work to a supplier with questionable labor practices can cause a situation called

Political Hot Potato

When the project may be completed early with some parts of the project eliminated this is considered to be ___________ closure.

Premature

Scrum relies on three key roles. A person who acts on behalf of customers to represent their interests and who is responsible for ensuring that the development team focuses their efforts on developing a project that will fulfill the business objective of the project is called a

Product Owner

The _________ is the customer's prioritized list of key features desired when the project is completed.

Product backlog

The major deliverable when closing out a project that includes a causal analysis and identification of lessons learned is known as

Project Audit

A tool used to monitor past project schedule performance and current performance, and to estimate future schedule trends is a simple line chart known as a

Project Control Chart

When conducting post-project audits, this is one of the main tools that a facilitator uses.

Questionnaires

Advantages of outsourcing project work may likely include all of the following EXCEPT

Reduced Conflict

Scrum uses a series of coordinated meetings to manage the development process. During which of the following are goals and the general plan for the project established?

Release planning meeting

The stages of culture shock include all of the following EXCEPT

Repatriation.

__________ of lessons learned are designed to improve performance on current and future projects.

Retrospectives

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of establishing a long-term partnership?

Risk is eventually transferred to the other party

Nancy tells her supervisor that as of right now, $1.05 worth of work has been accomplished for each $1 worth of scheduled work. Nancy got this information from viewing the

SPI

Agile methods can be used on larger scale projects in which several teams are working on different features at the same time. In practice this condition is called

Scaling

During the delivery phase of a project's life cycle, the most significant source of conflict is

Schedules

A new holistic approach in new commercial product development efforts where the cross-functional team collaborating to develop a new product is compared to rugby, where the whole team tries to go the distance as a unit is known as

Scrum

Scrum relies on three key roles. A person who facilitates the Scrum process and resolves impediments at the team and organizational level is called a

Scrum Master

The growing presence of crime resulting from the Russian Mafia has discouraged many foreign firms from setting up operations in the former Soviet Union. This is an example of which of the following environmental factors?

Security

_______________ is the Agile principle that describes project team members deciding amongst themselves what should be done and who is best suited for it on the team.

Self-Organization

While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when team members decide among themselves who should do what and what should be done?

Self-organization

___________ represents the amount of work the team commits to complete during the next sprint.

Sprint backlog

Scrum uses a series of coordinated meetings to manage the development process. Which of the following is held at the start of each sprint? During this meeting the product owner and development team negotiate which product backlog items the team will attempt during the next sprint.

Sprint planning meeting

When considering the agile project management process, at the end of each iteration

Stakeholders and customers review progress and reevaluate priorities.

During which stage of team development do members accept that they are part of a project group but resist the constraints that the project and the group put on their individuality?

Storming

Roger is new-product project manager for a retail company. Recently the team has exhibited a high degree of conflict over who will control the group and how decisions will be made. Which stage of development is the team in?

Storming

Project closures can fall into all of the following categories EXCEPT:

Successful

When a team is able to use identified individual talents to meet a projects given needs is a common characteristic of

Synergy

Agile Project Management lends itself to large teams that can complete work packages simultaneously.

TRUE

Agile methods appear to work best on small projects that require only five to nine dedicated team members to complete the work.

TRUE

Agile project management does not satisfy top management's need for budget, scope, and schedule control.

TRUE

Agile project management is ideal for exploratory projects in which requirements need to be discovered and new technology tested.

TRUE

Continuous improvement is a principle found in most agile project management methods. It is demonstrated when teams reflect, learn, and adapt to change; work updates the plan.

TRUE

During the closing phase, the project manager's challenge is to keep the project team focused on the remaining project activities and delivery to the customer until the project is complete.

TRUE

Freezing the design as late as possible is a common characteristic of the agile project management model.

TRUE

In agile project management, projects evolve rather than are executed.

TRUE

Owners have the option to change features and priorities at the end of each sprint if desired. However, no changes should be made once a sprint has started.

TRUE

Scrum does not use any of the conventional project management tools like Gantt charts or network diagrams

TRUE

Securing the cooperation of customers to devote the necessary time to support agile project management is a common source of frustration in the field.

TRUE

The Scrum master is not the leader of the team but acts as a buffer between the team and outside interferences.

TRUE

The goal of each sprint is to produce fully functional features.

TRUE

The product owner has the option to change features and priorities at the end of each sprint if desired.

TRUE

The third phase of the Scrum development process is to build the feature so that it is functional.

TRUE

Traditional approaches to project management concentrate firmly on thorough planning up front.

TRUE

Traditional project management requires a fairly high degree of predictability to be effective

TRUE

When the project scope and/or technology are not fully known, things become much less predictable.

TRUE

Experience and research indicate that high-performance project teams are much more likely to develop under all the following conditions EXCEPT

Team members are selected by their managers.

When determining project uncertainty, _________ can be a source of unpredictability

Technology

Which of the following summarizes project performance and provides useful information for continuous improvement?

The Final Report

The first project meeting is critical to the early functioning of the project team. Which of the following is NOT true regarding this meeting?

The meeting will need to be as long as necessary to cover the main objectives of a first meeting.

Jessica just received the following information on her project: PV = 200, EV = 300, AC = 250, BAC = 1500, EAC = 1208. In terms of cost at

The project will currently finish under budget

Which of the following is NOT true of a development team using Scrum methodology?

They have the authority to change features and priorities at the end of each sprint.

Traditional approaches to project management concentrate firmly on

Thorough planning up front.

In general, the longer a person is expected to work in a foreign country, the more intensive the training should be.

True

A CPI or SPI value less than one indicates that the project is

Under cost or behind schedule

The following are general tips for conducting performance reviews EXCEPT

Use other team members' performance as a method to compare and evaluate.

Which of the following is NOT a potential negative outcome for an international project manager?

Virtual teams

Using traditional approaches to project management, once the project scope has been firmly established, every detail of the project is defined through the ________.

WBS

Researchers have found that high-performance teams have norms for team interaction. Which of the following is NOT one of those norms?

When a decision has to be made, everyone should agree before moving forward.

Ultimate success of the project is determined by

Whether the customer is happy

When a project team will only consider a couple of solutions and ignore alternatives, this is ___________ which is a symptom of Groupthink.

Whitewash of Critical Thinking