Final Exam for Guerrero
1.
"I'll make sure to monitor my body temperature on a regular basis."
A.
"You seem like you're feeling angry. Is that something that we could talk about?"
1.
5 minutes
2.
A client has symptoms of osteoporosis and is being assessed during an annual physical examination. The assessment shows that the client will require further testing related to a possible exacerbation of osteoporosis. The nurse should anticipate which diagnostic test?
What will the client have after a biopsy?
A scar.
1.
Alteration in level of consciousness (LOC)
1.
An assessment of the client's current level of consciousness
1.
Arrange for the client to be assessed in the home environment.
What is a fine needle biopsy?
Aspirates cells rather than tissue.
1.
Assist the client out of bed and into the chair for meals.
2.
At least once every 2 years
1.
Autonomic dysreflexia
The nurse determines that a client who has undergone skin, tissue, and muscle grafting following a modified radical neck dissection requires suctioning. What is the nurse's priority when suctioning this client?
Avoid applying suction on or near the suture line.
1.
Baclofen and stretching
What menu best demonstrates dietary choices for potentially reducing the risks of cancer?
Baked apricot chicken and steamed broccoli
How is the biopsy type chosen?
Based on size, location, and cancer diagnosis.
What is the rate of growth of benign and malignant cells?
Benign cells have a slower rate of growth compared to malignant cells.
What is an example of prophylactic surgery?
Bilateral mastectomy for a woman with a family history of breast cancer
What does a tarry-black colored stool suggest in a client with a suspected GI bleed?
Bleeding from the upper GI tract.
3.
Bone densitometry
1.
Bone fracture
1.
Bone marrow suppression
What are some general effects of both benign and malignant cells?
Both benign and malignant cells can have general effects on the body, including destruction of tissue.
What is the second leading cause of cancer death in women?
Breast cancer
What types of cancer does excessive alcohol consumption put the client at risk for?
Breast, Esophageal, Liver
What is the third leading cause of cancer death in men?
Colorectal cancer
What is the third leading cause of cancer death in women?
Colorectal cancer
1.
Constipation related to vertebral fracture
What is secondary prevention concerned with?
Detection and screening for early diagnosis
1.
Elevation of the head of the bed
1.
Encouragement to verbalize concerns related to the disease and its treatment
What is an example of primary cancer prevention?
Encouraging yearly Pap tests
1.
Ensuring that the client receives adequate palliative care
1.
Erythematous rash
What is salvage surgery?
Extensive surgical approach to treat local recurrence of cancer after primary approach.
1.
Facial droop
What is an example of secondary cancer prevention?
Facilitating screening mammograms
What should the nurse avoid when dealing with a distraught client?
False reassurance.
What is reconstructive surgery?
Follows curative or radical surgery to improve function or cosmetic effect.
1.
Frequent screening for osteoporosis
What foods appear to reduce cancer risk?
Fruits and vegetables
What is an atypical response to a cancer diagnosis?
Fully withdrawing from social and family contact.
A nurse is assessing the abdomen of a client just admitted to the unit with suspected GI disease. Inspection reveals several diverse lesions on the client's abdomen. How should the nurse best interpret this assessment finding?
GI diseases often produce skin changes.
1.
Have a colleague follow the client closely with a wheelchair.
What aspect of the client's current health status would contraindicate fecal occult blood testing (FOBT)?
Hemorrhoids
What potential cause should the nurse focus on when a client has bright red streaking of blood in the stool?
Hemorrhoids
What are the potential complications of external radiation for a malignant tumor of the neck?
Impaired nutritional status.
What potential adverse effects should the nurse discuss with a client receiving external radiation for a malignant tumor of the neck?
Impaired nutritional status.
Where are needle biopsies usually performed?
In an outpatient setting.
What instruction should the nurse provide for postprocedure recovery after a barium enema?
Increase fluid intake to evacuate the barium.
What teaching should the nurse provide after an upper GI series with barium swallow?
Increase fluids to facilitate stool evacuation
What is the nurse's most appropriate response when white lesions are found on a client's oral mucosa?
Inform the primary provider of this finding
1.
Instill the medication in the conjunctival sac.
2.
Instruct the client to tuck his/her chin towards their chest when swallowing.
1.
Ischemic stroke
What is the benefit of exercise for a client with cancer?
It has mental health benefits.
What is the significance of yellow skin in a client?
It is a sign of jaundice
What is the significance of yellow skin in a client who has undergone chemotherapy?
It may indicate liver dysfunction
What is the significance of a yellow skin in a client with cancer?
It may indicate metastasis to the liver
What digestive enzymes does the pancreas secrete? (Select all that apply)
Lipase, Amylase, Trypsin
What is the most common organ affected by metastatic disease?
Liver
What organ is commonly affected by metastatic disease when yellow skin is present?
Liver
What organ is commonly affected by metastatic disease?
Liver
What blood tests should be done to further explore yellow skin as a clinical sign?
Liver function tests (LFTs)
What are some examples of fruits and vegetables that can reduce cancer risk?
Liver, onions, and steamed peas.
What is the leading cause of cancer death in North America?
Lung cancer
What are the leading causes of cancer death in women?
Lung, breast, and colorectal cancer
What are the leading causes of cancer death in men?
Lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer
What are the leading causes of cancer death?
Lung, prostate, colorectal (men); lung, breast, colorectal (women)
What position should the client be in during a colonoscopy?
Lying on the left side with legs drawn toward the chest.
What is the ability of malignant cells to spread?
Malignant cells have the ability to metastasize or spread to other parts of the body.
What area of the brain is most affected in a client's ability to swallow?
Medulla oblongata
1.
Monitoring the disease process and how well the prescribed treatment is working
What is an example of palliative surgery?
N/A
What is an example of reconstructive surgery?
N/A
What is an example of salvage surgery?
N/A
How does the absence of the appendix affect a person's health?
No major role, no noticeable difference after recovery
Do benign cells have the ability to metastasize?
No, benign cells do not have the ability to metastasize or spread.
What are some major characteristics of cancer?
Not specified in the notes.
Where are needle biopsies usually done?
Outpatient setting.
What is the enzyme that initiates the digestion of protein?
Pepsin
What is an incisional biopsy?
Performed for large tumors that cannot be removed.
What is palliative surgery?
Performed to relieve complications of cancer.
What is a needle biopsy?
Performed to sample suspicious masses.
What diagnostic or assessment finding is the most likely rationale for examining intrinsic factor production?
Persistently low hemoglobin and hematocrit
1.
Pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, and sepsis.
1.
Positioning the client to avoid intercranial pressure (ICP)
What is the best nursing action for primary cancer prevention?
Promoting and providing vaccines
What type of surgery is a bilateral mastectomy for a woman with a family history of breast cancer?
Prophylactic surgery
What is the second leading cause of cancer death in men?
Prostate cancer
1.
Providing frequent small meals rather than three larger meals
What aspects differentiate between benign and malignant cancer cells?
Rate of growth, Ability to cause death, Ability to spread
What is the best action for a client who is grieving after a cancer diagnosis?
Reassure the family that the client will eventually come to terms with the diagnosis.
What is primary prevention concerned with?
Reducing the risks of cancer in healthy people
What is the best action for a client who is utterly distraught after a cancer diagnosis?
Refer the client to a mental health provider.
What is prophylactic surgery?
Removal of nonvital tissues due to extensive family history.
1.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
A.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
What foods should be limited to reduce cancer risk?
Salt-cured foods, processed meats, and red meats
What types of foods should be limited to reduce cancer risk?
Salt-cured foods, processed meats, and red meats.
1.
Seizure
1.
Small frame and female sex
1. The public health nurse is presenting a health promotion class to a group at a local community center. Which intervention most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America?
Smoking Cessation Rationale: The leading causes of cancer death, in order of frequency, are lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer in men and lung, breast, and colorectal cancer in women. .Smoking cessation is the health promotion initiative directly related to lung cancer promotion initiative directly related to lung cancer.
What intervention most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America?
Smoking cessation
What finding in subsequent bowel patterns and stools after a barium enema should be reported to the healthcare provider?
Streaks of blood present in the stool.
1.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
What instructions should the nurse give to a client undergoing a fecal occult blood test?
Take no NSAIDs within 72 hours of the test.
1.
Teaching about symptom management
What is an example of primary cancer prevention?
Teaching testicular self-examination
2.
Teaching the client to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises.
1.
The client has diabetes.
1.
The client should be placed in a prone position for 15 to 30 minutes several times a day.
1.
The use of corticosteroids increases the risk of osteoporosis.
Why is a referral necessary for a distraught client?
Their response is atypical and requires professional help.
What is the difference in cell size between benign and malignant cells?
There is no significant difference in cell size between benign and malignant cells.
What is the significance of baked apricot chicken and steamed broccoli in a cancer prevention diet?
They are healthy food choices that may reduce cancer risks
What is the significance of smoked salmon and green beans in a cancer prevention diet?
They are healthy food choices that may reduce cancer risks
What is the significance of pork chops and fried green tomatoes in a cancer prevention diet?
They are unhealthy food choices that may increase cancer risks
What is the purpose of a fine needle biopsy?
To aspirate cells rather than tissue.
What is the role of a nurse in an oncology clinic?
To assess and care for clients undergoing cancer treatment
What is the purpose of a complete blood count (CBC) test?
To assess blood cell counts
What is the purpose of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine tests?
To assess kidney function
What is the purpose of liver function tests (LFTs)?
To assess liver function
What is the purpose of a complete blood count (CBC) test?
To assess overall blood health
What is the purpose of a complete blood count (CBC)?
To assess overall blood health
What is the purpose of a platelet count test?
To assess platelet levels
What is the purpose of a platelet count test?
To assess platelet levels in the blood
What is the purpose of a blood urea nitrogen and creatinine test?
To assess renal function
What is the purpose of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine tests?
To assess renal function
What is the purpose of liver function tests (LFTs)?
To assess the functioning of the liver
What is the purpose of a platelet count?
To assess the number of platelets in the blood
What is the purpose of a monthly self-breast exam?
To detect breast cancer
What is the purpose of monthly self-breast exams?
To detect breast cancer
What is the purpose of an annual colonoscopy?
To detect colorectal cancer
What is the purpose of annual colonoscopies?
To detect colorectal cancer
What is the purpose of monthly self-breast exams?
To detect early signs of breast cancer
What is the purpose of monthly testicular exams?
To detect early signs of testicular cancer
What is the purpose of a monthly testicular exam?
To detect testicular cancer
What is the purpose of monthly testicular exams?
To detect testicular cancer
What is the purpose of conducting a liver function test (LFT) in a client with yellow skin?
To determine if the liver is functioning
What is the purpose of reconstructive surgery?
To improve function or cosmetic effect after curative or radical surgery.
What is the role of a public health nurse?
To present health promotion classes
What is the purpose of a health education about cancer prevention?
To provide information on reducing cancer risks
What is the purpose of baked apricot chicken and steamed broccoli in a cancer prevention diet?
To provide lean protein and cruciferous vegetables
What is the purpose of palliative surgery?
To relieve complications of cancer.
1.
To remove atherosclerotic plaques blocking cerebral flow
What is the purpose of prophylactic surgery?
To remove nonvital tissues due to extensive family history.
What is the purpose of an incisional biopsy?
To sample a large tumor that cannot be removed.
What is the purpose of an excisional biopsy?
To sample a small, easily accessible tumor.
What is the purpose of a needle biopsy?
To sample suspicious masses.
What is the purpose of annual colonoscopies?
To screen for colorectal cancer
What is the purpose of salvage surgery?
To treat local recurrence of cancer after primary approach.
What is an excisional biopsy?
Used for small, easily accessible tumors.
What determines the size of the scar?
Whether it is performed by endoscopy or laparotomy.
Can both benign and malignant cells occur anywhere in the body?
Yes, both benign and malignant cells can occur anywhere in the body.
Can both benign and malignant cells cause death?
Yes, both benign and malignant cells have the ability to cause death.