Final_Exam

compiler

A _____ is a program that reads the lines of code in a source file, converts them to machine-language instructions or calls the assembler to convert them into object code, and create a machine-language file?

pound

A _____ is traditionally associated with system administrators.

interpreter

A _____ refers to a UNIX/Linux shell feature that reads the statements in a script file and immediately translates them into executable instructions, and causes them to run?

dollar

A _____ sign is traditionally associated with ordinary users.

tilde

A ______ is shorthand for the home directory, which typically has the same name as the user's account name.

parentheses

A function name differs from a variable name because a function name is followed by a set of ____.

ls /home/bramirez/...

A member of your department has given you permissions to view the contents of the accounting directory under his home directory. The name of his home directory is bramirez. Which command should you use to display the contents of the accounting directory?

cd /home/jim

A user typed in the command pwd and saw the output: /home/jim/sales/pending. How could that user navigate to the /home/jim directory?

extent

A(n) _____ is used to reduce file fragmentation, because a block of contiguous disk storage can be reserved for a file.

absolute

An ____ path begins at the root level and lists all subdirectories to the destination file.

null

Any data sent to the _____ device is gone forever, typically known as the "black hole".

-i

This option tells grep to ignore the case of search characters.

>>

To append output to an existing file, you use _____.

cd

To change directories you use the _____ command.

who

To determine information about who is logged in, you can use the _____ command.

more

To display the content of a file one screen at a time, you use the _____ command.

cat

To display the whole content of a file at one time, you use the _____ command.

chmod 777

To give all users write access to a directory called "bboard", you would use _____ _____ bboard.

mkdir

To make a new directory, you use the _____ command.

rmdir

To remove an empty directory, you run the _____ command.

./myscript

To run the myscript shell script located in the current directory, you should enter: ______.

ls -a

To view a list of the files in a directory, including the hidden files, you should enter ____.

ls

To view the contents of your current directory, you use the _____ command.

sda

Linux lists a STATA drive as _____.

-u

The ____ option of the uniq command instructs it to generate as output only the lines of the source file that are not duplicated successively.

source file

The _____ _____ refers to a file used for storing a programs high-level language statements.

passwd

The _____ command allows yo to change your UNIX/Linux password.

clear

The _____ command allows you to clear your terminal window of the clutter.

head

The _____ command allows you to view the first few lines of a file.

tail

The _____ command allows you view the last few lines of a file.

touch

The _____ command creates an empty file if the file does not exists.

whatis

The _____ command displays a brief description of a command.

diff

The _____ command finds the difference between two files.

rmdir

The _____ command is used to delete empty directories.

cut

The _____ command is used to extract a column from a text file.

uniq

The _____ command is used to remove duplicate lines from a file.

cp

The _____ command is usually used to copy a file.

comm

The _____ command prints lines of the first file and matches it with the second file.

/bin

The _____ directory contains executables, which are the programs needed to start the system and perform other essential system tasks.

/boot

The _____ directory contains the kernel (operating system) images.

-r

The _____ option of a rm command is used to remove a directory with all its subdirectories.

tilde

The _____ symbol is used to refer to a user's home directory.

/etc

The _____directory contains configuration files that the system uses when the computer starts.

#!/bin/bash

The line script for setting the bash shell is _____.

forward slash

The root of a file system is denoted by the _____.

the first line of the script

When you create a script, you should include the command that sets the particular shell to use on ____.

sh

When you create a shell script to run in Bash, you can immediately run the script by typing ____________ and then the name of the script.

.bashrc

Which file runs when you log in using the Bash shell as the default, and each time you start a Bash shell within a Bash shell?

.bash_profile

Which files is ran each time you log in or give the command to set Bash as your current shell, but not when you run a subshell

set -o noclobber

Which one of the following commands do you use to prevent a file from being overwritten?

Flowchart

Which one of the following terms refers to a logic diagram that uses a set of standard symbols to visually explain the sequence of events from the start of a process to its end point?

ASCII

Which one of the following terms refers to the text file that you can create, manipulate, and use to store data, such as letters, product reports or vendor record?

Bash

Which shell is used by Linux as the default command interpreter?

/var

You are curious about the error and system logs kept by your operating system. In what main directory under the root (/) would you most likely find these logs?

>

You are starting a new year and need to create ten empty files for your accounting system. Which of the following commands or operators enable you to quickly create these files?

-r

You are using the grep command, but it is only searching through files in your immediate home directory. What option enables you to search through subdirectories below your home directory

chmod

You can change the pattern of permission settings by using the _____ command.

passwd

You can change your password, if necessary, by using the _____ command, but you must know your current password to change it.

semicolon

You can type more than one command on the command line by separating commands with a _____.

ls *.txt

You have created many notes to yourself that end in .txt. Which command enables you to list all of the .txt files in your home directory while you are in the Bash shell?

cd

You use the _____ command to move back to the parent directory.

/var

_____ is used to hold files that are created temporarily, such as files used for printing documents (spool files) and files used to record monitoring and administration data, often called log files.

/etc/passwd

For your own account, the shell that is set up by default is established by the system administrator in the ____ file.

mv new old

How do you rename file "new" to file "old"?

cd/etc

If a user's current directory was /home/mary/project1, which command could they use to move to the /etc directory under the root?

true

If the exit status is 0 (zero), the test result is _____.

false

If the exit status is 1, the test result is _____.

pwd

If you have configured your prompt so that it does not show your working directory, you can use the _____ command to verify in what directory you are located, along with the directory path.

/home

If you plan to have multiple users access a system, you can create a _____ partition, which is the home directory for all users directories.

who >> logins

If you want to append the output of the who command to the file named logins, what command would you run?

set -a

If you want to save time and automatically export all shell script variables you have defined, which command do you use?

swap

In UNIX/Linux, _____ acts like a extension of memory, so the system has more room to run large programs.

/home/classmarks/linux-am

Sue's current directory in the directory tree is /home/classmarks/linux-am. She then types the command cd . and press Enter. What directory will be displayed if Sue types the pwd command?

stdin

System administrators and programmers refer to standard input as _____.

stdout

System administrators and programmers refer to standard output as _____.

your home

The .bashrc file is a hidden file contained in _____ _____ directory.

export

What command do you use to make a shell variable global so that it can be accessed by other shell scripts or programs?

cp

What command is used to copy files and directories?

cmd1 | cmd2

What command would send the output of cmd1 to the input of cmd2?

fixed-length

What refers to a record structure in a file in which each record has a specified length?

#!/bin/bash

What special line is normally placed at the top of a custom ash shell script?

circle

What symbol in a flowchart is an on-page connector to continue process flow?

terminator

What symbol in a flowchart is typically used at the start or end of a flowchart?

arrow

What symbol in a flowchart is used to indicate a process flow?

diamond

What symbol in a flowchart is used to represent a decision?

rectangle

What symbol in a flowchart is used to represent a process?

while loop

What type of loop repeats commands between do and done as long as the condition is true?

who >> logins

What would the command look like if you wanted to append the output of the who command to the file named logins?

-t

When using the "mount" command, you use the _____ option to specify a file system to mount.