Finance Midterm 3

The Golf Range is considering adding an additional driving range to its facility. The range would cost $76,000, would be depreciated on a straight-line basis over its seven-year life, and would have a zero salvage value. The anticipated income from the project is $34,000 a year with $14,400 of that amount being variable cost. The fixed cost would be $16,200. The firm believes that it will earn an additional $13,000 a year from its current operations should the driving range be added. The project will require $2,000 of net working capital, which is recoverable at the end of the project. What is the internal rate of return on this project at a tax rate of 34 percent?

7.53 percent

Which one of the following statements is correct, all else held constant?

A decrease in a firm's WACC will increase the attractiveness of the firm's investment options.

You are analyzing a project and have developed the following estimates. The depreciation is $7,600 a year and the tax rate is 34 percent. What is the worst-case operating cash flow?

$274

A project has annual depreciation of $16,200, costs of $87,100, and sales of $123,000. The applicable tax rate is 40 percent. What is the operating cash flow according to the tax shield approach?

$28,020

Orchard Farms has a pretax cost of debt of 7.68 percent and a cost of equity of 15.2 percent. The firm uses the subjective approach to determine project discount rates. Currently, the firm is considering a project to which it has assigned an adjustment factor of -0.5 percent. The firm's tax rate is 34 percent and its debt-equity ratio is 0.45. The project has an initial cost of $4.3 million and produces cash inflows of $1.27 million a year for 5 years. What is the net present value of the project?

$328,895

The Green Tomato purchased a parcel of land six years ago for $299,500. At that time, the firm invested $64,000 grading the site so that it would be usable. Since the firm wasn't ready to use the site itself at that time, it decided to lease the land for $28,000 a year. The Green Tomato is now considering building a hotel on the site as the rental lease is expiring. The current value of the land is $355,000. The firm has no loans or mortgages secured by the property. What value should be included in the initial cost of the hotel project for the use of this land?

$355,000

Fig Newton Industries is considering a project and has developed the following estimates: unit sales = 7,300, price per unit = $149, variable cost per unit = $91, fixed costs = $216,400. The depreciation is $94,700 a year and the tax rate is 40 percent. What effect would an increase of $1 in the selling price have on the operating cash flow?

$4,380

What is the net present value of the following set of cash flows at a discount rate of 7 percent? At 20 percent?

$4,518.47; -$321.76

A cost-cutting project will decrease costs by $58,500 a year. The annual depreciation on the project's fixed assets will be $10,300 and the tax rate is 34 percent. What is the amount of the change in the firm's operating cash flow resulting from this project?

$42,112

Classic Cars is considering a project that requires $148,000 of fixed assets that are classified as five-year property for MACRS. What is the book value of these assets at the end of year 3? The MACRS allowance percentages are as follows, commencing with year 1: 20.00, 32.00, 19.20, 11.52, 11.52, and 5.76 percent.

$42,624

A project has an initial requirement of $261,000 for fixed assets and $27,000 for net working capital. The fixed assets will be depreciated to a zero book value over the four-year life of the project and have an estimated salvage value of $78,000. All of the net working capital will be recouped at the end of the project. The annual operating cash flow is $96,200 and the discount rate is 13 percent. What is the project's net present value if the tax rate is 35 percent?

$45,799

You are analyzing a project and have developed the following estimates. The depreciation is $52,000 a year and the tax rate is 34 percent. What is the worst-case operating cash flow?

$48,106

A project has an annual operating cash flow of $45,000. Initially, this four-year project required $3,800 in net working capital, which is recoverable when the project ends. The firm also spent $21,500 on equipment to start the project. This equipment will have a book value of $4,300 at the end of year 4. What is the cash flow for year 4 of the project if the equipment can be sold for $5,400 and the tax rate is 34 percent?

$53,826

British Motor Works is reviewing its current accounts to determine how a proposed project might affect the account balances. The firm estimates the project will initially require $67,000 in additional current assets and $32,000 in additional current liabilities. The firm also estimates the project will require an additional $7,000 a year in current assets for each one of the four years of the project. How much net working capital will the firm recoup at the end of the project assuming that all net working capital can be recaptured?

$63,000

Consider a three-year project with the following information: initial fixed asset investment = $770,000; straight-line depreciation to zero over the three-year life; zero salvage value; price = $34.99; variable costs = $23.16; fixed costs = $245,000; quantity sold = 94,500 units; tax rate = 40 percent. How sensitive is OCF to an increase of one unit in the quantity sold?

$7.10

A project has expected cash inflows, starting with year 1, of $2,200, $2,900, $3,500, and finally in year 4, $4,000. The profitability index is 1.14 and the discount rate is 12 percent. What is the initial cost of the project?

$8,166.19

A project has sales of $462,000, costs of $274,000, depreciation of $26,000, interest expense of $3,400, and a tax rate of 35 percent. What is the value of the depreciation tax shield?

$9100

A firm wants to create a WACC of 10.4 percent. The firm's cost of equity is 14.5 percent and its pretax cost of debt is 8.5 percent. The tax rate is 34 percent. What does the debt-equity ratio need to be for the firm to achieve its target WACC?

0.86

The Black Horse is currently considering a project that will produce cash inflows of $12,000 a year for three years followed by $6,500 in year 4. The cost of the project is $38,000. What is the profitability index if the discount rate is 7 percent?

0.96

Tim's Tools just issued a dividend of $1.80 per share on its common stock. The company is expected to maintain a constant 4 percent growth rate in its dividends indefinitely. If the stock sells for $31 a share, what is the company's cost of equity?

10.04 percent

Cromwell's Interiors is considering a project that is equally as risky as the firm's current operations. The firm has a cost of equity of 13.7 percent and a pretax cost of debt of 8.4 percent. The debt-equity ratio is .65 and the tax rate is 40 percent. What is the cost of capital for this project?

10.29 percent

Musical Charts just paid an annual dividend of $2.45 per share. This dividend is expected to increase by 3.3 percent annually. Currently, the firm has a beta of 1.09 and a stock price of $36 a share. The risk-free rate is 4.2 percent and the market rate of return is 12.6 percent. What is the cost of equity capital for this firm?

11.84 percent

Country Kitchen's cost of equity is 15.3 percent and its aftertax cost of debt is 6.9 percent. What is the firm's weighted average cost of capital if its debt-equity ratio is 0.58 and the tax rate is 30 percent?

12.21 percent

The 7.5 percent preferred stock of Rock Bottom Floors is selling for $60 a share. What is the firm's cost of preferred stock if the tax rate is 35 percent and the par value per share is $100?

12.50 percent

Appalachian Mountain Goods has paid increasing dividends of $.0.12, $0.18, $0.20, and $0.25 a share over the past four years, respectively. The firm estimates that future increases in its dividends will be equal to the arithmetic average growth rate over these past four years. The stock is currently selling for $12.60 a share. The risk-free rate is 3.2 percent and the market risk premium is 9.1 percent. What is the cost of equity for this firm if its beta is 1.26?

22.96 percent

Quattro, Inc. has the following mutually exclusive projects available. The company has historically used a four- year cutoff for projects. The required return is 11 percent.The payback for Project A is ____ while the payback for Project B is ____. The NPV for Project A is _____ while the NPV for Project B is ____. Which project, if any, should the company accept?

3.92 years; 3.79 years; $780.85; -$7,945.93; accept Project A only

Kim's Bridal Shoppe has 15,000 shares of common stock outstanding at a price of $11 a share. It also has 2,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding at a price of $34 a share. There are 50 bonds outstanding that have a 7.5 percent semiannual coupon. The bonds mature in six years, have a face value of $1,000, and sell at 96 percent of par. What is the capital structure weight of the common stock?

58.72 percent

Traditional Bank has an issue of preferred stock with a $4.80 stated dividend that just sold for $80 a share. What is the bank's cost of preferred stock?

6.00 percent

Birds of a Feather has 10-year bonds outstanding that carry an annual coupon of 8 percent. The bonds mature in 7 years and are currently priced at 110 percent of face value. What is the firm's pretax cost of debt?

6.20 percent

Bermuda Cruises issues only common stock and coupon bonds. The firm has a debt-equity ratio of 0.65. The cost of equity is 18.3 percent and the pretax cost of debt is 9.9 percent. What is the capital structure weight of the firm's equity if the firm's tax rate is 34 percent?

60.61 percent

Beverly's is a retail chain selling the latest fashions through its outlets located in various neighborhood malls. Clothing Galore is a wholesaler that buys from textile mills and sells to retail outlets. Beverly's has a cost of capital of 13.6 percent, while Clothing Galore's cost of capital is 17.8 percent. Both firms are considering opening a retail outlet in a gigantic new mall. Both proposals are quite similar in design and have basically the following financial features: an initial cash outlay of $2.7 million, a projected five-year life with no salvage value, and cash inflows of $845,000 a year for the life of the project. Which firm or firms, if either, should open a retail outlet in the new mall?

Both Beverly's and Clothing Galore

Lester's is a globally diverse company with multiple divisions and a cost of capital of 15.8 percent. Med, Inc. is a specialty firm in the medical equipment field with a cost of capital of 13.7 percent. With the aging of America, both firms recognize the opportunities that exist in the medical field and are considering expansion in this area. At present, there is an opportunity for multiple firms to be involved in a new medical devices project. Each project will require an initial investment of $8.4 million with annual returns of $2.2 million per year for seven years. Which firm or firms, if either, should become involved in the new projects?

Both Lester's and Med, Inc.

Which of the following are cash inflows from net working capital? I. Increase in accounts payable II. Increase in inventory III. Decrease in accounts receivable IV. Decrease in fixed assets

I and III only

Which of the following have the potential to increase the net present value of a proposed investment? I. Ability to immediately shut down a project should the project become unprofitable II. Ability to wait until the economy improves before making the investment III. Option to place the investment on hold until a more favorable discount rate becomes available IV. Option to increase production beyond that initially projected

I, II, III, and IV

The Shoe Box is considering adding a new line of winter footwear to its product lineup. Which of the following are relevant cash flows for this project? I. Decreased revenue from products currently being offered if this new footwear is added to the lineup II. Revenue from the new line of footwear III. Money spent to date looking for a new product line to add to the store's offerings IV. Cost of new counters to display the new line of footwear

I, II, and IV only

which one of the following indicates that a project should be rejected?

Profitability index less than 1.0

You are considering the following two mutually exclusive projects. The required return on each project is 14 percent. Which project should you accept and what is the best reason for that decision?

Project A, because it has the higher net present value

You are considering the following two mutually exclusive projects. The required return on each project is 14 percent. Which project should you accept and what is the best reason for that decision? starts with -24,000

Project B, because it has the higher net present value

Jamie is analyzing the estimated net present value of a project under various what if scenarios. The type of analysis that Jamie is doing is best described as:

scenario analysis

A cost that should be ignored when evaluating a project because that cost has already been incurred and cannot be recouped is referred to as which type of cost?

sunk

The amount by which a firm's tax bill is reduced as a result of the depreciation expense is referred to as the depreciation:

tax shield

If an investment is producing a return that is equal to the required return, the investment's net present value will be:

zero

Which one of the following is most apt to cause a wise manager to increase a project's cost of capital? Assume the firm is levered.

She learns the project is riskier than previously believed.

A firm has a return on equity of 12.4 percent according to the dividend growth model and a return of 18.7 percent according to the capital asset pricing model. The market rate of return is 13.5 percent. What rate should the firm use as the cost of equity when computing the firm's weighted average cost of capital (WACC)?

The arithmetic average of 12.4 percent and 18.7 percent

Which one of the following statements is correct?

The cost of preferred stock is unaffected by the issuer's tax rate

The Corner Market has decided to expand its retail store by building on a vacant lot it currently owns. This lot was purchased four years ago at a cost of $299,000, which the firm paid in cash. To date, the firm has spent another $38,000 on land improvements, all of which was also paid in cash. Today, the lot has a market value of $329,000. What value should be included in the analysis of the expansion project for the cost of the land?

The current market value of the land

Which one of the following is true if the managers of a firm accept only projects that have a profitability index greater than 1.5?

The firm should increase in value each time the firm accepts a new project.

The internal rate of return is unreliable as an indicator of whether or not an investment should be accepted given which one of the following?

The investment is mutually exclusive with another investment under consideration.

An investment has conventional cash flows and a profitability index of 1.0. Given this, which one of the following must be true?

The net present value is equal to zero.

You are using a net present value profile to compare Project A and B, which are mutually exclusive. Which one of the following statements correctly applies to the crossover point between these two?

The net present value of Project A equals that of Project B, but generally does not equal zero.

Which one of the following statements is correct?

The payback method is biased toward short-term projects.

Which one of the following statements is correct?

The payback period ignores the time value of money.

Which one of the following will occur when the internal rate of return equals the required return?

The profitability index will equal 1.0.

Which one of the following statements is correct concerning capital structure weights?

The repurchase of preferred stock will increase the weight of debt.

An investment has an initial cost of $300,000 and a life of four years. This investment will be depreciated by $60,000 a year and will generate the net income shown below. Should this project be accepted based on the average accounting rate of return (AAR) if the required rate is 9.5 percent? Why or why not?

Yes, because the AAR is greater than 9.5 percent

A proposed project will increase a firm's accounts payables. This increase is generally:

a cash inflow at time zero and a cash outflow at the end of the project.

Which one of the following is most closely related to the net present value profile?

Internal rate of return

Which one of the following is an indicator that an investment is acceptable?

Internal rate of return that exceeds the required return

Kurt, who is a divisional manager, continually brags that his division's required return for its projects is 1 percent lower than the return required for any other division of the firm. Which one of the following most likely contributes the most to the lower rate requirement for Kurt's division?

Kurt's division is less risky than the other divisions.

You need to use the pure play approach to assign a cost of capital to a proposed investment. Which one of the following characteristics should you most concentrate on as you search for an appropriate pure play firm?

firm operations

The ability to delay an investment:

is valuable provided there are conditions under which the investment will have a positive net present value.

The opportunities that a manager has to modify a project once it has started are called:

managerial options.

The average accounting return:

measures profitability rather than cash flow.

Firm A uses straight-line depreciation. Firm B uses MACRS depreciation. Both firms bought $60,000 worth of equipment last year. Both firms are in the 35 percent tax bracket. The operating cash flows for each firm are identical except for the depreciation effects. Given this, you know the:

operating cash flow of Firm A is less than that of Firm B for year 2.

A debt-free firm has net income of $228,400, taxes of $46,200, and depreciation of $21,300. What is the operating cash flow?

$249,700

What is the net present value of the following cash flows if the relevant discount rate is 8 percent?

$1,587.61

You are analyzing a project and have developed the following estimates: unit sales = 2,600, price per unit = $56, variable cost per unit = $39, fixed costs = $24,700. The depreciation is $15,800 a year and the tax rate is 35 percent. What effect would a decrease of $1 in the variable cost per unit have on the operating cash flow?

$1,690

Outdoor Sports is considering adding a miniature golf course to its facility. The course would cost $138,000, would be depreciated on a straight-line basis over its five-year life, and would have a zero salvage value. The estimated income from the golfing fees would be $72,000 a year with $24,000 of that amount being variable cost. The fixed cost would be $11,600. In addition, the firm anticipates an additional $14,000 in revenue from its existing facilities if the golf course is added. The project will require $3,000 of net working capital, which is recoverable at the end of the project. What is the net present value of this project at a discount rate of 12 percent and a tax rate of 34 percent?

$14,439

Your local athletic center is planning a $1.23 million expansion to its current facility. This cost will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over a 20-year period. The expanded area is expected to generate $524,000 in additional annual sales. Variable costs are 48 percent of sales, the annual fixed costs are $79,400, and the tax rate is 35 percent. What is the operating cash flow for the first year of this project?

$147,027

You are analyzing a project and have developed the following estimates. The depreciation is $3,200 a year and the tax rate is 34 percent. What is the best-case operating cash flow?

$17,423

Lakeside Winery is considering expanding its winemaking operations. The expansion will require new equipment costing $649,000 that would be depreciated on a straight-line basis to a zero balance over the four-year life of the project. The estimated salvage value is $187,000. The project requires $38,000 initially for net working capital, all of which will be recouped at the end of the project. The projected operating cash flow is $198,500 a year. What is the net present value of this project if the relevant discount rate is 14 percent and the tax rate is 35 percent?

-$14,162

You are making a $120,000 investment and feel that a 20 percent rate of return is reasonable given the nature of the risks involved. You feel you will receive $48,000 in the first year, $54,000 in the second year, and $56,000 in the third year. You expect to pay out $12,000 as an additional investment in the fourth year. What is the net present value of this investment given your expectations?

-$15,879.63

Alpha Industries is considering a project with an initial cost of $7.4 million. The project will produce cash inflows of $1.54 million a year for seven years. The firm uses the subjective approach to assign discount rates to projects. For this project, the subjective adjustment is +1.5 percent. The firm has a pretax cost of debt of 8.6 percent and a cost of equity of 13.7 percent. The debt-equity ratio is 0.0.65 and the tax rate is 35 percent. What is the net present value of the project?

-$372,951

Precision Cuts has a target debt-equity ratio of 0.55. Its cost of equity is 15.4 percent, and its pretax cost of debt is 7.8 percent. If the tax rate is 32 percent, what is the company's WACC?

11.82 percent

You are considering an equipment purchase costing $187,000. This equipment will be depreciated straight-line to zero over its three-year life. What is the average accounting return if this equipment produces the following net income?

16.51%

Piedmont Hotels is an all-equity firm with 60,000 shares of stock outstanding. The stock has a beta of 1.27 and a standard deviation of 13.8 percent. The market risk premium is 9.1 percent and the risk-free rate of return is 4.5 percent. The company is considering a project that it considers riskier than its current operations so it wants to apply an adjustment of 1 percent to the project's discount rate. What should the firm set as the required rate of return for the project?

17.06 percent

Santa Claus Enterprises has 174,000 shares of common stock outstanding at a current price of $46 a share. The firm also has two bond issues outstanding. The first bond issue has a total face value of $250,000, pays 7.7 percent interest annually, and currently sells for 102.5 percent of face value. The second bond issue consists of 5,000 bonds that are selling for $993 each. These bonds pay 6.5 percent interest annually and mature in eight years. The tax rate is 34 percent. What is the capital structure weight of the firm's debt?

39.48 percent

The Golden Goose is considering a project with an initial cost of $46,700. The project will produce cash inflows of $10,000 a year for the first two years and $12,000 a year for the following three years. What is the payback period?

4.23 years

The Green Balloon just paid its first annual dividend of $0.12 a share. The firm plans to increase the dividend by 3.5 percent per year indefinitely. What is the firm's cost of equity if the current stock price is $6.50 a share?

5.41%

Smith and Weston has 55,000 shares of common stock outstanding at a price of $31 a share. It also has 3,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding at a price of $62 a share. The firm has 8 percent, 12-year bonds outstanding with a total face value of $400,000. The bonds are currently quoted at 101.2 percent of face and pay interest semiannually. What is the capital structure weight of the firm's preferred stock if the tax rate is 35 percent?

8.10 percent

You are given the following information concerning Around Town Tours: Debt: 8,500, 7.1 percent coupon bonds outstanding, with 14 years to maturity and a quoted price of 102.6. These bonds pay interest semiannually. Common stock: 265,000 shares of common stock selling for $76 per share. The stock has a beta of 0.92 and will pay a dividend of $2.48 next year. The dividend is expected to grow by 4 percent per year indefinitely. Preferred stock: 7,500 shares of 6 percent preferred stock selling at $88 per share. Market: A 13.2 percent expected return, a 4.5 percent risk-free rate, and a 34 percent tax rate. Calculate the WACC for this firm.

8.22 percent

International Exchange has three divisions: A, B, and C. Division A has the least risk and Division C has the most risk. The firm has an aftertax cost of debt of 6.1 percent and a cost of equity of 14.3 percent. The firm is financed with 35 percent debt and 65 percent equity. Division A's projects are assigned a discount rate that is 3 percent less than the firm's weighted average cost of capital. What is the discount rate applicable to Division A?

8.44 percent

Casper's is analyzing a proposed expansion project that is much riskier than the firm's current operations. Thus, the project will be assigned a discount rate equal to the firm's cost of capital plus 3 percent. The proposed project has an initial cost of $17.2 million that will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over 20 years. The project also requires additional inventory of $687,000 over the project's life. Management estimates the facility will generate cash inflows of $2.78 million a year over its 20-year life. After 20 years, the company plans to sell the facility for an estimated $1.3 million. The company has 60,000 shares of common stock outstanding at a market price of $49 a share. This stock just paid an annual dividend of $1.84 a share. The dividend is expected to increase by 3.5 percent annually. The firm also has 10,000 shares of 12 percent preferred stock with a market value of $98 a share. The preferred stock has a par value of $100. The company has a 9 percent, semiannual coupon bond issue outstanding with a total face value of $1.1 million. The bonds are currently priced at 102 percent of face value and mature in 16 years. The tax rate is 33 percent. Should the firm pursue the expansion project at this point in time? Why or why not?

Accept; the NPV is $4.507 million.

The managers of H.R Construction are considering remodeling plans for an old building the firm currently owns. The building was purchased eight years ago for $689,000. Over the past eight years, the firm rented out the building and used the rent to pay off the mortgage. The building is now owned free and clear and has a current market value of $898,000. The firm is considering remodeling the building into a conference centre and sandwich bar at an estimated cost of $1.7 million. The estimated present value of the future income from this centre is $2.9 million. Which one of the following defines the opportunity cost of the remodeling project?

Current market value of the building

Isabella is considering three mutually exclusive options for the additional space she just added to her specialty women's store. The cost of the expansion was $127,000. She can use this additional space to add a fabric and quilting section, add an exclusive gifts department, or expand into imported decorator items for the home. She estimates the present value of these options at $114,000 for fabric and quilting, $163,000 for exclusive gifts, and $138,000 for decorator items. Which option(s), if any, should Isabella accept?

Exclusive gifts only

Which of the following will increase the cost of equity for a firm with a beta of 1.1? I. Decrease in the security's beta II. Decrease in the market risk premium III. Decrease in the risk-free rate IV. Increase in the risk-free rate

III only

Which one of the following statements is correct?

If the internal rate of return equals the required return, the net present value will equal zero.

Which one of the following will affect the capital structure weights used to compute a firm's weighted average cost of capital?

Increase in the market value of the firm's common stock

In an efficient market, the cost of equity for a risky firm does which one of the following according to the security market line?

Increases in direct relation to the stock's systematic risk

A firm has a cost of equity of 13 percent, a cost of preferred of 11 percent, and an aftertax cost of debt of 6 percent. Given this, which one of the following will increase the firm's weighted average cost of capital?

Increasing the firm's beta

Bob's is a retail chain of specialty hardware stores. The firm has 21,000 shares of stock outstanding that are currently valued at $68 a share and provide a 13.2 percent rate of return. The firm also has 500 bonds outstanding that have a face value of $1,000, a market price of $1,068, and a 7 percent coupon. These bonds mature in 6 years and pay interest semiannually. The tax rate is 35 percent. The firm is considering expanding by building a new superstore. The superstore will require an initial investment of $12.3 million and is expected to produce cash inflows of $1.1 million annually over its 10-year life. The risks associated with the superstore are comparable to the risks of the firm's current operations. The initial investment will be depreciated on a straight line basis over the life of the project. At the end of the 10 years, the firm expects to sell the superstore for $6.7 million. Should the firm accept or reject the superstore project and why?

Reject; the NPV -$3.27 million.

Mark is analyzing a proposed project to determine how changes in the variable costs per unit would affect the project's net present value. What type of analysis is Mark conducting?

Sensitivity analysis

Scenario analysis asks questions such as:

What is the best outcome that should reasonably be expected?

Which one of the following statements is correct?

When the internal rate of return is greater than the required return, the net present value is positive.

The reinvestment approach to the modified internal rate of return:

compounds all of the cash flows, except for the initial cash flow, to the end of the project.