Fine Arts College Carding Set <3

This Gillespie-written jazz standard features a bass vamp in the A section over E-flat 7 and D minor 6 chords. The B section's chord changes are taken from "Alone Together,"and vocalists have recorded it under the name "Interlude."

"A Night in Tunisia"<YFL Other Arts (Jazz)>

This man's band was hired to replace the Duke Ellington Orchestra at the Cotton Club in 1930, and became a house band for the venue. His song "Minnie the Moocher"heavily features scat lyrics.

"Cab"Calloway [or Cabell Calloway III] <JL, OAudArt>

Near the middle of the "Dream of a Witches' Sabbath," four bassoons and two tubas introduce an ominous rendition of this Gregorian chant melody about the Day of Judgment.

"Dies irae"

Dolphy played an extensive bass clarinet solo on this song in performances at Copenhagen and the University of Illinois. This song's title line comes after the declaration that "mama may have, papa may have."

"God Bless the Child"<YFL, Other Arts - Jazz>

Handel used similarly joyous music in this chorus, which ends Part 2 of Messiah. It's traditional to stand for this chorus, which begins with 10 repetitions of the same word.

"Hallelujah"Chorus

Anitra's Dance precedes this final movement of the Peer Gynt Suite No. 1. In this movement, bassoons and low string quietly introduce the theme in B minor before the orchestra gradually speeds up and builds to a frenzy.

"In the Hall of the Mountain King"[or I Dovregubbens hall]

Name this 1945 song, written and famously performed by an artist whose other hits include "Milord"and "Non, je ne regrette rien" . It describes what the speaker sees "When he takes me in his arms / and speaks softly to me" .

"La Vie en rose"[accept translations like "Life in Rosy Hues"or "Life Through Rose-Colored Glasses"or "Life in Pink" ; by Edith Piaf]

Name this song from a 1959 musical whose titular items include "Cream colored ponies and crisp apple strudels"along with "Girls in white dresses with blue satin sashes."

"My Favorite Things"

Name this Latin jazz song by Tito Puente which asks the listener to "Hear how my rhythm goes."Santana's cover of it was the second single from his album Abraxas.

"Oye Como Va"

In West Side Story, this song is sung in Act II as Tony and Maria imagine a hypothetical place in which their love will be accepted. It begins with the line "there's a place for us."

"Somewhere"[or "Somewhere (There's a Place for Us)" ; prompt on "There's a Place for Us" ]

Dave Brubeck played the piano on the 1959 album Time Out, which includes this jazz standard composed by Paul Desmond that is named for a musician's short break.

"Take Five"

Identify this track from the album Time Out. Named after its distinctive time signature, this Paul Desmond-composed piece was given lyrics in a 1961 recording with Carmen McRae.

"Take Five"

Name this most famous Billy Strayhorn tune that features a Ray Nance trumpet solo that has been repeated verbatim by most performers. Its title is supposedly "the best way to get to Sugar Hill in Harlem."

"Take the A Train"

This rag became popular in 1973 after it was used as the theme song to the movie The Sting.

"The Entertainer"

In 1886, Sousa wrote this march that sold a record-setting million copies. Sousa dedicated this march to the Boston Traveler journalist Charles B. Towle, who may represent the title figure.

"The Gladiator"March

Along with "The East is Red,"this song is quoted in a movement from the patriotic Yellow River Piano Concerto. Originally written in French, its refrain says "This is the final struggle / Let us group together and tomorrow."

"The Internationale"[or "L'Internationale" ] <EX, Music>

This hit single from the Dave Brubeck Quartet's album Time Further Out makes heavy use of hand claps and is notable for being in 7/4 time. It ends by quoting "Turkey in the Straw" , followed by two "shave and a haircuts" .

"Unsquare Dance"

Name this aria in which Canio laments that he must pretend to be happy despite his wife Nedda's infidelity. Canio sings this aria as he dons his costume.

"Vesti la giubba"(JOO-bah)

Confident about his chance for victory, Calaf repeats this Italian word three times at the end of "Nessun dorma."In the final repetition of this word, he sustains a high B before dropping to a longer sustained A on the final syllable.

"Vincerò!"[prompt on "I will win!" ]

This aria ends the second act of Tosca. The title character laments her fate and asks repeatedly "why, why, Lord, why do you reward me thus?"

"Vissi d'arte" [or "I lived for art, I lived for love"]

New Haven is also home to the headquarters of the Knights of Columbus, which won a Pritzker Prize for this architect who co-founded a Connecticut-based firm with John Dinkeloo.

(Eamonn) Kevin Roche

Adès's opera The Exterminating Angel adapts a film by a man from this European country. It is the setting for Georges Bizet's Carmen.

(Kingdom of) Spain (the film is by Luis Buñuel) <WA, OAudArt>

This painter's tendency to pour and splash paint onto the canvas earned him the nickname "Jack the Dripper."His works include Full Fathom Five and a painting subtitled Lavender Mist.

(Paul) Jackson Pollock

The Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto was written by two composers from this large Asian country, whose traditional instruments include the guzheng [GOO-jung] and the erhu [AR-hoo].

(People's Republic of) China [or Zhongguo Renminguo]

This British artist of the Angel of the North installed hundreds of sculptures cast from his own body in southern Italy, the Austrian Alps, and the beaches near Liverpool, typically using the word "horizon"in his titles.

(Sir) Antony (Mark David) Gormley <KS, Other Arts - Sculpture>

Magritte's painting The Listening Room shows a large one of these objects taking up the entire room. One of these objects is placed in front of a bowler-hatted man's face in Magritte's The Son of Man.

(green) apples

A German Romantic painting school named for this city and led by Wilhelm von Schadow was a major influence on the Hudson River School. Many Hudson River artists studied in the Academy of this capital of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Dusseldorf <EX, Painting>

It was painted by this French artist, whose Before the Race is one of his many paintings of horses.

Edgar Degas [or Hilaire-Germain-Edgar De Gas]

Ernest Chesneau's criticism of a hand that, "in the form of a toad, provokes hilarity"was a reaction to title character's hand covering her pubis in this Frenchman's painting Olympia. He also painted Luncheon on the Grass.

Edouard Manet

The incidental music to Peer Gynt was written by this Norwegian composer.

Edvard Grieg

This Norwegian composer of the suite In Holberg's Time drew inspiration from a Henrik Ibsen play to write the Peer Gynt suites.

Edvard Hagerup Grieg

Another self-portrait with a cigarette was painted by this artist, whose Death in the Sick-Room was collected into a series of paintings called The Frieze of Life.

Edvard Munch

Name this English composer who used Wilfred Owen's poetry to write a War Requiem and wrote A Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra..

Edward Benjamin Britten

Jacqueline du Pré produced the definitive recording of the Cello Concerto in E minor by this English composer, who compared his friend Augustus Jaeger to the hunter "Nimrod"in another piece.

Edward Elgar [or Edward William Elgar]

Name this man who organized a photography exhibition titled The Family of Man, which toured the world after its first show at the MoMA and remains the most viewed photography exhibition ever with over 9 million viewers.

Edward Steichen

This Philip Glass opera, the first of Glass's Portrait Trilogy, contains four acts separated by "knee plays."A Christopher Knowles text is read over bass clarinet and soprano saxophone in its section "I Feel the Earth Move."

Einstein on the Beach

The Burial of the Count of Orgaz is by this Mannerist painter of the Spanish Renaissance, nicknamed for his place of birth, Crete. He also painted The Opening of the Fifth Seal.

El Greco [or Doménikos Theotokópoulos]

This woman modeled for many paintings by the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. She floated in a cold bathtub for many hours to model for Millais's Ophelia, and was the model for Rossetti's Beata Beatrix.

Elizabeth (Eleanor) Siddal <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

While some Anglicans frowned on the grandiose religious music of the Catholic Church, this Protestant queen and music-lover was less strict. Byrd and Tallis were given a 21-year monopoly for polyphonic music by this English monarch.

Elizabeth I <JK Music>

Name this performer who was dubbed the "First Lady of Song"and who sang classics like "How High the Moon"using her signature scat singing style.

Ella Fitzgerald

Armstrong recorded a number of albums singing and playing trumpet with this singer known for her song "A-Tisket, A-Tasket"and her scat soloing ability.

Ella Jane Fitzgerald <YFL Other Arts (Jazz)>

Name this Italian designer and rival of Coco Chanel whose "speakeasy dress"was popular during Prohibition. She was known for her Surrealist-inspired designs, like sweaters featuring trompe l'Å"il ["tromp LOY" ] images.

Elsa Schiaparelli

Salvador Dali collaborated with this Italian-born fashion designer to make a dress for Wallis Simpson printed with a large lobster. This woman's signature hue was called shocking pink.

Elsa Schiaparelli [skap-uh-REL-ee]

Byrd and Tallis were Renaissance composers from this country, where they both wrote music for monarchs such as Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.

England [do not accept "Great Britain" ; do not accept "United Kingdom" ]

The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was composed of artists from this country, such as William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti.

England [or the United Kingdom; or the UK; or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; or Great Britain] <YFL, Painting>

Britten's Peter Grimes and Purcell's Dido and Aeneas were both operas written in this language used by the librettist-composer duo W.S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan.

English [or British English]

Name this composer whose choral compositions, like Lux Aurumque and Cloudburst, often create pan €¢diatonic tone clusters using extensive divisi parts.

Eric Whitacre

This jazz and R&B singer often performed at MJF. Her greatest hits include "I'd Rather Go Blind" , but you may know her best for singing the now-regularly-sampled "Something's Got a Hold On Me" .

Etta James [or Jamesetta Hawkins]

Name this Belgian "tsar of the violin"who wrote those six sonatas in the style of six of his violinist friends. Among other things, he was noted for his tasteful rubato.

Eugène Ysaÿe

Name this 1942 work written at the behest of Eugene Goossens for the brass and percussion of the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra. It begins with a gong crash and two beats on the timpani and bass drum, which repeats twice before the brass enter with "F-B flat-F" .

Fanfare for the Common Man

Identify this artistic movement. Maurice de Vlaminck and Raoul Dufy were part of this artistic movement, and its founder helped kickstart the movement with his work Luxe, Calme et Volupte.

Fauvism [accept les Fauves]

This group of 20th-century artists, led by Henri Matisse, exhibited many of their brightly colored works at the Salon d'Automne [doh-TUN]. Louis Vauxcelles [voh-SELL] coined their name by calling their works "Donatello among the wild beasts."

Fauvists [accept word forms like les Fauves]

Gerhard Richter was one of many notable artists, also including George von Schadow and Anselm Feuerbach, to attend or teach at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf in this modern-day European country.

Federal Republic of Germany [or Bundesrepublik Deutschland]

This fellow German performed a version of the St Matthew Passion in 1829, which revived interest in J. S. Bach's music. His own works include the Italian and Scottish symphonies.

Felix Mendelssohn

Name this E minor composition for string soloist and orchestra, written about a decade after the composer's Italian Symphony.

Felix Mendelssohn's violin concerto [or clear knowledge equivalents]

Identify this painter of The City who co-directed Ballet Mecanique with Dudley Murphy. His early obsession with cylindrical forms led Louis Vauxcelles to nickname his style "Tubism" .

Fernand Léger [or Joseph Fernand Henri Léger]

L'Amour de loin was composed by Kaija Saariaho ("KYE-yah SAH-ree-ah-ho" ), a composer from this country. Jean Sibelius, another composer from this country, wrote many pieces inspired by its national epic, the Kalevala.

Finland [or Suomi]

Sibelius started his Second Symphony not long after the premiere of this explicitly nationalist tone poem, which protested Russia's control over his native country.

Finlandia <Kothari>

Andrea worked mostly in this Italian city-state. Filippo Brunelleschi designed a large-domed cathedral in this city, which was ruled by the Medici family.

Florence [or Firenze]

The Battle of San Romano series depicts the victory of this Italian city over Siena. Some of Uccello's paintings are held in this city's Uffizi Gallery.

Florence, Italy

Name this woman who loves the painter Mario Cavaradossi, but is pursued by the Chief of Police, Baron Scarpia. She kills Scarpia, but throws herself to her death after Cavaradossi's execution.

Floria Tosca [accept either part]

This Duchamp readymade is simply a urinal signed with the name "R. Mutt."

Fountain [or Fontaine]

Name this 1943 painting series later reprinted in The Saturday Evening Post. A more famous painting from this series shows an American family happily celebrating what appears to be Thanksgiving.

Four Freedoms

Blue Is the Warmest Color is set in this European country, the birthplace of the New Wave directors Jean-Luc Godard and Francois Truffaut.

France

The music for Giselle was written by Adolphe Adam ["ah-DOM" ], a composer from this country. Jean-Baptiste Lully created the Paris Opera Ballet in this country, the first professional ballet company.

France

Bizet and Delibes were composers from this modern-day country, which is the setting of Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera The Huguenots.

France [or the French Republic; or le République française]

That blindfolded oresteia appears in a triptych by this artist. This artist is also known for a series of paintings adapting a Velázquez painting of Pope Innocent X that uses his motif of a screaming mouth.

Francis Bacon

This French composer wrote a flute sonata for Rampal around the time that he wrote his opera Dialogues of the Carmelites. This member of Les Six ("lay SEESE" ) wrote a concerto for two pianos and a sextet for piano and winds.

Francis Poulenc ("fron-SEESE poo-LANK" )

The Naked Maja ("MAH-hah" ) and The Clothed Maja are by this Spanish artist of The Third of May, 1808.

Francisco (José de) Goya (y Lucientes)

Name this Spanish painter of The Nude Maja and The Third of May 1808.

Francisco Goya

The Nude Maja and its counterpart, The Clothed Maja, were painted by this Spanish Baroque artist, a court painter to Charles IV whose other works include the "Black Paintings"and The Third of May, 1808.

Francisco Goya [or Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes]

The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters is a part of this Spanish artist's series of etchings entitled Los Caprichos. This artist's The Black Paintings includes his Saturn Devouring His Sons.

Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes

This Spanish artist and court painter to Charles IV created the "Black Paintings"in the Quinta del Sordo, including one of Saturn Devouring His Son.

Francisco de Goya

This Rococo painted made a series of portraits of Madame de Pompadour. This artist is known for his trademark dimpled putti, some of which appear in his Toilet of Venus.

Francois Boucher

The Imperial Hotel in Tokyo was designed by this American pioneer of "organic architecture."This leader of the Prairie School also designed the Fallingwater residence.

Frank Lloyd Wright

This architect designed his "Barrel Chair"for Herbert Johnson's house Wingspread. His design for Robie House is an example of Prairie School architecture, and he used a Maya Revival style for Tokyo's Imperial Hotel.

Frank Lloyd Wright

This architect of Fallingwater, which integrated a natural waterfall into the Kaufmann residence, was a proponent of the Prairie School.

Frank Lloyd Wright

Taliesin was the studio and residence in Wisconsin of this American architect, who designed the Pennsylvania residence Fallingwater for Edgar J. Kaufmann.

Frank Lloyd Wright [or Frank Lincoln Wright]

This composer wrote over 600 lieder, including ones titled "Gretchen am spinnrade,""Death and the Maiden,"and "Der Doppelgänger."He also composed an "Unfinished"Symphony.

Franz (Peter) Schubert

"This composer of The Seasons had a piccolo quote the theme from his own Surprise Symphony in it. He wrote the music to the anthem "God Save Emperor Francis" .

Franz Joseph Haydn

In the 19th century, new trends of program music were favored by composers such as Bruckner, Richard Wagner, and this composer of four Mephisto Waltzes and the tone poem Les préludes.

Franz Liszt [or Liszt Ferenc]

This composer arranged some of his Hungarian Rhapsodies for piano trio. This incredible piano virtuoso composed the Transcendental Études.

Franz Liszt [or Liszt Ferenc]

Wolf was mentored by this older composer, whose own experiments with radical chromaticism include the Bagatelle sans tonalité, sometimes included among the Mephisto Waltzes. He also wrote Years of Pilgrimage.

Franz Liszt [or Liszt Ferencz]

Name this Austrian composer who only completed the first two movements of his Unfinished Symphony. He included songs like "Ständchen"and "Der Doppelgänger"in his collection Schwanengesang.

Franz Peter Schubert

Diderot was particularly critical of this Rococo painter of The Toilet of Venus, arguing that his paintings lacked "truth"since they depicted shepherds in the same elaborate styles as his patron Madame de Pompadour.

François Boucher ["boo-SHAY" ] <JK Painting and Sculpture>

This Baroque composer, the most eminent member of a French musical family, wrote the didactic treatise The Art of Harpsichord Playing. His four volumes of harpsichord pieces are divided into 27 ordres and include pieces like "The Mysterious Barricades."

François Couperin

This French contemporary of Scarlatti wrote the treatise The Art of Playing the Harpsichord and wrote the harpsichord piece "The Mysterious Barricades."

François Couperin

A trio sonata titled Parnassus: The Apotheosis of Corelli was written by this French Baroque composer, who wrote the treatise L'art de toucher le clavecin ("LARR duh too-SHAY luh clav-SAN" ). A 1917 piano suite named for this composer includes a "Forlane"("for-LAHN" ) and a "Rigaudon"("ree-go-DAWN" ).

François Couperin [accept Le tombeau de Couperin]

This member of the Hudson River School made many trips to the Arctic and South America, resulting in such landscapes as Aurora Borealis, The Icebergs, Cotopaxi, and The Heart of the Andes.

Frederic Edwin Church

This artist's sculpture Bronco Buster depicts a cowboy attempting to ride a bucking horse. This man also depicted two Native Americans facing a shadowy figure by a fire in his Shotgun Hospitality.

Frederic Remington

The sixteenth of the Goldberg Variations is in this musical form, which consists of a slow passage in dotted rhythm followed by a fast fugal passage. Bach paired his Italian Concerto with a piece of this title.

French overture [or Overture in the French style; or Ouvertüre nach Französischer Art; prompt on overture]

Name this artist who painted her feet sticking out of a bathtub in What the Water Gave Me. Two hearts are connected by an artery in a double self portrait by this artist.

Frida Kahlo de Rivera

Name this composer of the Raindrop Prelude, a Polish piano virtuoso.

Frédéric Chopin

Rachmaninoff also wrote a set of variations on a C minor prelude by this earlier composer-pianist, whose Piano Sonata No. 2 includes a third movement funeral march. His études include the Black Key and Aeolian Harp.

Frédéric Chopin

This Polish composer of those pieces is known for his "Black Key,""Wrong Note,"and "Revolutionary"piano etudes.

Frédéric Chopin

Name this composer of Fantasie-Impromptu, whose Piano Sonata No. 2 in B-flat minor includes a third-movement funeral march.

Frédéric Chopin [or Frédéric François Chopin; or Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin]

Name this composer whose other pieces include a Barcarolle in F-sharp major that is often paired with his Berceuse in D-flat major.

Frédéric Chopin [or Frédéric François Chopin; or Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin]

Name this sculpture of a nude man reaching his hands back behind his head while lying on his back atop a woman lying on her stomach to symbolize the attempted escape of passion that its title suggests.

Fugit Amor [or Fleeing Love or Fugitive Love]

Name this article of clothing. That Grünewald painting inspired the one worn by a snarling figure seated on a stool in the central panel of a triptych that depicts three amorphous furies against a burnt red background.

a blindfold [accept anything indicating that the subject has his eyes covered by a cloth]

Joseph Stella's Battle of Lights, Coney Island was a work in this style of art, whose manifesto was written by Filippo Marinetti. This Italian movement's glorification of violence and speed was cut short by World War I.

Futurism [accept word forms]

All thirty of the Goldberg Variations are in this key or its parallel minor. Bach's first Suite for Solo Cello is in this key, and its prelude begins with arpeggi in this key.

G major

Scholars in the 1950s credited this composer with playing a major role in the "bel canto revival."Despite being Italian, this composer wrote a French language opera containing the aria "Ah! Mes amis,"which requires a tenor to hit nine high Cs.

Gaetano Donizetti <WA, OAudArt>

Name this woman whose face is represented in a series of separated spheres in another painting.

Gala [accept Galatea or Galatea of the Spheres; prompt on, but DO NOT MENTION "Dali" ]

The second movement of this solo piano piece by Ravel uses a B-flat octave ostinato to represent a tolling bell. This triptych includes a difficult movement called "Scarbo"that represents a flying goblin.

Gaspard de la nuit <YFL Music and Opera>

Name this composer of Tafelmusik who was one of the most prolific composers in history. He's not Handel, but his Water Music is subtitled for "ebb and flood."

Georg Philipp Telemann

Name this composer of a set of six sonatas that are often performed solo by two flutes. He's not Handel, but one of his many orchestral suites is nicknamed Water Music.

Georg Philipp Telemann

Name this composer whose other chamber music includes several sets of Tafelmusik, or music meant to accompany a meal. This non-Handel composer created a "Water Music"suite depicting various deities.

Georg Philipp Telemann

Jewels is by this Georgian-born choreographer who created the ballet Serenade set to Tchaikovsky's Serenade for Strings. This choreographer co-founded the New York City Ballet with Lincoln Kirstein.

George Balanchine [or Georgiy Melitonovich Balanchivadze]

Name this composer of Giulio Cesare [JOO-lee-oh CHEH-zah-ray], best known for oratorios such as Messiah.

George Frideric Handel

Name this composer of operas like Alcina, Rinaldo, and Serse.

George Frideric Handel

Name this American composer best known for the pieces An American in Paris and Rhapsody in Blue.

George Gershwin

Horatio Greenough's Enthroned sculpture of this man features him barechested and brandishing a sword. This president was the subject of Gilbert Stuart's Lansdowne Portrait.

George Washington

Peale made a few portraits of this American president and his first-lady Martha. This president is also the subject of the Landsdowne Portrait.

George Washington

Name this American realist who depicted a trolley car navigating through a bustling street above which clothes are hung out to dry in Cliff Dwellers.

George Wesley Bellows

In this composer's opera The Pearl Fishers, Zurga and Nadir sing the duet "Au fond du temple saint"before having their friendship threatened by a mutual love for Leila.

Georges Bizet [or Alexandre César Léopold Bizet]

This painter depicted swimmers on the shores of the Seine in his painting Bathers at Asnières, which shares many themes with this pointillist's A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte.

Georges Seurat [or Georges-Pierre Seurat]

Name this 17th-century French artist who painted religious scenes illuminated by candlelight.

Georges de La Tour

Stieglitz married this American artists, whose paintings were often inspiration by the deserts of New Mexico. This artist also painted many depictions of animal skulls and flowers.

Georgia Totto O'Keeffe

Tchaikovsky and The Five were at odds over accepting conservative symphonic forms from this country, whose leading conservative Romantic composer wrote a secular Requiem in its mother language.

Germany [or Deutschland; accept German Empire or equivalents]

This De Stijl designer used four wooden panels connected with dovetail joints to make his legless Zig-Zag chair. He also made the Red and Blue Chair.

Gerrit Thomas Rietveld

Miles Davis, arranger Gil Evans, and this baritone saxophonist compiled the nonet that recorded Birth of the Cool, whose song "Jeru"was named after and written by him. His song "Walkin' Shoes,"recorded with Chet Baker, became a cool jazz standard.

Gerry Mulligan [Gerald Joseph Mulligan] <JL, OAudArt>

This early Flemish polyptych is sometimes named after its bottom center panel, which shows a fountain of life just below a depiction of the Adoration of the Lamb. It was painted by a pair of brothers.

Ghent Altarpiece

Tosca is the title character in an opera by this Italian composer, who also created La boheme and Turandot.

Giacomo Puccini

This composer left his final opera Turandot incomplete upon his death. His earlier operas include Madame Butterfly and La Boheme.

Giacomo Puccini [or Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini]

This Baroque artist created The Ecstasy of St. Theresa, as well as the Fountain of the Four Rivers.

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

This architect and sculptor designed both the Palazzo Barberini and the St. Peter's Baldacchino. The Borghese Gallery includes many sculptures by this artist of the Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

The baldacchino for St. Peter's Basilica was designed by this Baroque sculptor who created The Fountain of the Four Rivers and The Ecstasy of Saint Theresa.

Gian Lorenzo Bernini [or Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini]

This artist painted the Landsdowne Portrait as well as the unfinished Athenaeum Portrait.

Gilbert Stuart [or Gilbert Charles Stuart]

Walter Scott's novel The Lady of the Lake inspired the opera La donna del lago by this other Italian composer, who included "Figaro! Figaro! Figaro!" in the aria "Largo al factotum." In the overture to another opera by this man, the trumpets announce a cavalry charge.

Gioachino Rossini

Part of The Battle of San Romano is housed in the Uffizi Gallery, which was designed by this man. This author of Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects is considered to be the first art historian.

Giorgio Vasari

Identify this Italian painter of The Disquieting Muses. Another work by this artist shows a girl rolling a hoop past a building behind which a menacing shadow lurks and is called Melancholy and Mystery of a Street.

Giorgio de Chirico

In a story reported by Giorgio Vasari, this artist sent Pope Benedict XI a perfect circle he had drawn without moving his arm. This early Renaissance painter, the student of Cimabue, did the Arena Chapel paintings.

Giotto di Bondone <JB Painting and Sculpture>

This Italian Renaissance composer wrote Missa Papae Marcelli, which supposedly prevented polyphonic music from being banned at the Council of Trent. Fux codified this man's contrapuntal style in his Gradus ad Parnassum.

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

The Derby at Epsom [or The Epsom Derby; accept any answer indicating a horse race at Epsom; accept Le derby à Epsom de 1821]

Giulio Cesare in Egitto [or Julius Caesar] <AWD, Other Arts - Opera>

Violetta falls in love with Alfredo and dies of tuberculosis in La Traviata, an opera by this composer who also wrote Rigoletto and Aida.

Giuseppe Verdi

Identify this building. This residence in New Canaan, Connecticut contains a Painting Gallery built into the side of a hill and was heavily influenced by the Farnsworth House.

Glass House [accept 798-856 Ponus Ridge Road]

This Magritte painting shows dozens of nearly identical men in bowler hats in the air in front of and above a building with a red tile top.

Golconda [or Golconde]

This piece by Bach for dual-manual harpsichord was recorded twice by Glenn Gould in 1955 and in 1981. Its middle thirty movements are arranged in groups of three, with each group containing a canon.

Goldberg Variations [or Goldberg-Variationen]

Name this period of history. During this period, the artist of White Angel Breadline took several photographs of Florence Owens Thompson with her family.

Great Depression [or the Great Slump; or the Depression; or the Dust Bowl; prompt on the 1930s]

This composer wrote a Miserere that was never supposed to be copied outside of the Vatican. Unfortunately for the Vatican, they didn't account for a 14-year-old Mozart, who transcribed it anyway upon hearing it twice.

Gregorio Allegri <EX, Music>

Schubert used text from Goethe's Faust in this soprano lied in D minor, which has a constant sixteenth-note accompaniment in the right hand that only ceases at the words "und ach, sein kuss!"

Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel [or Gretchen am Spinnrade]

Name this Burgundian composer of the 15th century, whose Nuper Rosarum Flores was written for the consecration of Florence Cathedral.

Guillame Du Fay

A trumpet plays a short-short-short-long motif to open this non-Beethoven composer's Symphony No. 5, whose first movement takes the form of a funeral march. This former conductor of the New York Philharmonic composed symphonies nicknamed "Titan,""Resurrection,"and "Tragic."

Gustav Mahler

Although it has no principal conductor, the guest conductors of the Vienna Philharmonic have included this late Romantic composer of symphonies nicknamed Resurrection and Symphony of a Thousand.

Gustav Mahler

Name this Austrian Jewish composer of the late Romantic era whose lengthy symphonies include his second, nicknamed "Resurrection,"and his eighth, the Symphony of a Thousand.

Gustav Mahler

Name this composer. His G major fourth symphony opens with sleigh bells and contains thematic material from "Das himmlische Leben,"another song from Des Knaben Wunderhorn.

Gustav Mahler

A posthorn plays an offstage solo that is interrupted by a trumpet fanfare in the third movement of this 1896 symphony, the longest symphony in the standard repertoire. Its fifth movement is a setting of "Es sungen drei Engel" , one of its composer's Des Knaben Wunderhorn songs.

Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 3 [accept equivalents like "Mahler's Third" ; prompt on partial answers]

The Painter's Studio is a creation of this Frenchman, who painted A Burial at Ornans and shocked the art world with L'Origine du monde, a close-up view of a naked woman's lower body and genitals.

Gustave Courbet [or Jean Desire Gustave Courbet]

This man was initially commissioned to carve Stone Mountain, but it was completed by others. This man would go on to carve Mount Rushmore in South Dakota.

Gutzon Borglum [accept Danish equivalents for Borglum, such as "ass-licker"]

The left hand plays black keys while the right hand plays white keys in "Disorder" , which along with "The Devil's Staircase"is one of this composer's études. This Hungarian used a gradually building set of pitch classes in his Musica Ricercata.

György Sándor Ligeti

This B-flat major piano sonata by Beethoven, written during his late period, is unusually in four movements, the last of which is comprised mostly of a lengthy three-voice fugue in triple meter.

Hammerklavier Sonata [or Piano Sonata No. 29]

This man's triptych entitled The Last Judgment, which was stolen by pirates in 1473, depicts St. Michael wearing armor and Christ sitting on a rainbow throne in between a lily and a sword.

Hans Memling [or Hans Memlinc]

Name this city, which is the setting of that painting, Watson and the Shark.

Havana

Name this composer who used a solo viola to depict a character who joins a "March of the Pilgrims" and an "Orgy of the Brigands" in an 1834 symphony.

Hector Berlioz

This French composer entered the Prix de Rome four times, finally winning with his cantata Sardanapale. His most famous piece includes the movements "March to the Scaffold"and "Dream of a Witches' Sabbath."

Hector Berlioz

Weber's Invitation to the Dance was orchestrated by this author of Treatise on Instrumentation. This composer of the Grande messe des morts wrote a work whose idée fixe represents Harriet Smithson.

Hector Berlioz

Name this composer who wrote his first and most famous symphony in 1830 while he was obsessed with the actress Harriet Smithson.

Hector Berlioz (That is Symphonie fantastique.)

Lawrence Alma-Tadema painted a work with many petals entitled The Roses of this Roman Emperor, whose 218-222 reign included him divorcing his wife and marrying a Vestal Virgin.

Heliogabalus [or Elagabalus; or Varius Avitus Bassianus]

This photographer's picture of a man with his back to the camera gazing over terraced rice fields in Sumatra was included in The Family of Man. A photograph of a winding staircase and a bicyclist appears in a photography book by this man.

Henri Cartier-Bresson

This man, along with Andre Derain, founded Fauvism. In addition to painting Luxe, Calme et Volupte, this artist portrayed his wife in Green Stripe and painted Harmony in Red and The Dance.

Henri Matisse

This artist's series Blue Nude II, like many of his late-career cutouts, used gouache-painted paper. His earlier Blue Nude (Souvenir de Biskra) is more characteristic of Fauvism, a movement he co-founded with Andre Derain.

Henri Matisse [or Henri-Emile-Benoit Matisse]

This other post-impressionist painted a woman resting with her mandolin as a lion comes up behind her in The Sleeping Gypsy. This artist also painted a number of "jungle scenes."

Henri Rousseau [or Henri Julien Félix Rousseau]

This diminutive French artist of La Goulue and Waiting at Grenelle painted At the Moulin-Rouge.

Henri Toulouse-Lautrec

The villainous character in The Red Detachment of Women seen in the opera looks identical to this real life person who also appears in the opera Nixon in China, with the same performer frequently playing both parts.

Henry Kissinger [or Heinz Kissinger] <Cheyne>

Name this British artist who was inspired by the Mayan Chac Mool statues to create the Reclining Figures series.

Henry Moore

Britten's Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra features variations on the Rondeau from this 17th-century English composer's Abdelazar. This composer also wrote the opera Dido and Aeneas.

Henry Purcell

Name this British Baroque composer whose opera Dido and Aeneas includes the aria "When I am laid in earth."

Henry Purcell

This composer's opera Dido and Aeneas ends with the title Carthaginian princess singing "When I am laid in earth"before committing suicide.

Henry Purcell

The Minneapolis Institute of Arts holds a Wood painting depicting West Branch, Iowa, and titled for the "birthplace of"this man, a one-time engineer.

Herbert Hoover [or Herbert Clark Hoover; accept The Birthplace of Herbert Hoover, West Branch, Iowa] <Hart>

This Dutch artist painted the Haywain triptych as well as other religious triptychs, such as The Last Judgment and The Garden of Earthly Delights.

Hieronymus Bosch [or Jeroen van Aken]

Name this early Flemish artist of Garden of Earthly Delights.

Hieronymus Bosch [or Jheronimus van Aken]

The Garden of Earthly Delights was painted by this Dutch artist of The Ship of Fools and The Haywain Triptych.

Hieronymus Bosch [or Jheronimus van Aken]

Name this modern-day country home to the Delft school of painters. The wife of Jan Vermeer, an artist from this country, claimed that the rampjaar was so bad that her husband was unable to sell any paintings afterwards.

Holland [or the Netherlands; prompt on the Dutch Republic]

Raphael also painted a stern-looking portrait of Elisabetta, a patron of his from this Mantuan royal family. Andrea Mantegna [mon-TANE-yah] painted a group of red-hatted members of this family holding court under its Ludovico II.

House of Gonzaga <EX, Painting>

The Menil Collection in this American city houses a great deal of Cy Twombly's work. Mark Rothko's namesake chapel is also located here.

Houston, Texas

Name this landscape-oriented school of American art whose members included Thomas Cole and Frederic Edwin Church. They are named for a river in New York.

Hudson River School

This composer's collections of lieder included settings of poems by Eichendorff [IKE-in-dorf] and Mörike [MURR-ee-kuh]. This syphilitic composer's other works include Italian Serenade and Der Corregidor.

Hugo (Philipp Jakob) Wolf [vulf] <EX, Music>

Name this late Romantic devotee of Wagner who is most famous for moody, chromatic settings of songs by Eichendorff and Goethe, as well as his opera Der Corregidor, composed not long before he went insane from syphilis.

Hugo Philipp Jacob Wolf

"Vesti la giubba"closes out the first of two acts of this verismo opera about a troupe of clowns by Ruggiero Leoncavallo (roo-ZHAIR-oh leon-ca-VA-low). Opera companies often perform this opera alongside Pietro Mascagni's (moss-CAH-nyee's) Cavelleria Rusticana (ca-va-LAIR-ia roos-ti-CAH-na).

I Pagliacci

Chagall may be best known for this 1911 painting, in which a row of houses, some of which are upside-down, a man with a scythe, and an upside-down female violinist appear between the huge faces of a green man and a sheep or goat.

I and the Village <Carson>

Cleveland is also home to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame that was designed by this Chinese-born architect, who also designed the glass pyramid located at the entrance to the Louvre.

I. M. Pei

Name this composer whose Neoclassical period was followed by a Serial period in which he wrote such religious pieces as Threni, Requiem Canticles, and Canticum sacrum.

Igor Stravinsky

The premiere of the Rite of Spring's riotous atmosphere has been blamed on Nijinsky's choreography, rather than the modernist music written by this composer of Petrushka and The Firebird.

Igor Stravinsky

The music for both Pulcinella and The Firebird was composed by this Russian, whose collaboration with the Ballets Russes also produced the famously controversial The Rite of Spring.

Igor Stravinsky [or Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky] <Carson>

This member of Peredvizhniki painted a group of bearded men crowded around a table drafting a letter in his The Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks. He painted Unexpected Visitors, also called They Did Not Expect Him.

Ilya (Yefimovich) Repin

Name this building, constructed in its architect's famous Maya Revival style, that famously survived the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake.

Imperial Hotel, Tokyo

The Musée Marmottan had this painting stolen in 1985 before it was found in Corsica six years later. Louis Leroy [le-RWAH] gave this painting its fame in a review of an 1874 exhibition.

Impression, Sunrise <EX, Painting>

Childe Hassam painted street scenes with American flags and, like Mary Cassatt, was an American painter from this art movement.

Impressionism

The outsized boat-shaped saddleback roofs of the Tongkonan houses of the Torajan people can mostly be found in this modern-day country, which is also home to the nine-level temple complex of Borobudur.

Indonesia [accept the Republic of Indonesia or Republik Indonesia]

This Tchaikovsky opera was performed at the Met for the first time in 2015 on a double-bill with Bartok's Bluebeard's Castle. Its title character, the blind daughter of King René, marries Vaudémont after Ibn-Hakia restores her sight.

Iolanta

This large octagonal tower in Kaifeng [kye-fung] is considered a masterpiece of Song dynasty architecture. It's actually made of brick, but is named for a different material due to its apparent color.

Iron Pagoda

This designer of Miami's Bayfront Park also designed many public sculptures for parks, such as the "Black Sun"for Seattle's Volunteer Park. He designed a stage set of "Appalachian Spring"for Martha Graham.

Isamu Noguchi [or Noguchi Isamu]

In this oratorio, Handel showed off his ability to "illustrate"a text in "Their land brought forth frogs"and "He spake the word, and there came all manner of flies."It includes the chorus "He smote the first-born."

Israel in Egypt <JR, Music>

A composer from this country used plainchant in his twelve-tone composition Songs of Imprisonment. A modern composer from here wrote a trilogy celebrating the Pines, Fountains, and Festivals of its capital city.

Italy [Italia; or Italian Republic; or Repubblica Italiana; the composers are Luigi Dallapicola and Ottorino Respighi]

This Israeli-American violinist played John Williams's Air and Simple Gifts with Yo-Yo Ma at Barack Obama's 2009 inauguration. He overcame polio as a child and earned the Medal of Freedom in 2015.

Itzhak Perlman

This Israeli violinist and teacher at Juilliard ("JOO-lee-ard" ) recorded Sarasate's Carmen Fantasy in 1972. This one-time duo partner of Vladimir Ashkenazy plays sitting down due to a childhood case of polio.

Itzhak Perlman <DM, Music>

This English artist of The Fighting Temeraire painted a train crossing Maidenhead Bridge in Rain, Steam and Speed and showed bodies being thrown overboard in The Slave Ship.

J(oseph) M(allord) W(illiam) Turner

Identify this artist of two different paintings titled Snow Storm, the more famous of which shows a bright orange Sun amid a stormy sky above the main scene of Hannibal's army crossing the Alps.

J.M.W. Turner [or John Mallord William Turner]

Frankenthaler described first seeing this artist's work as like going to a foreign country but knowing she "had to live there, and master the language."Like Frankenthaler, this husband of Lee Krasner laid his canvases on the floor, where he would drip paint over them.

Jackson Pollock

Name this artist of The She-Wolf and Lavender Mist. This action painter is best known for his own "drip"technique.

Jackson Pollock

Greenberg was a champion of this abstract expressionist of Blue Poles and Full Fathom Five, whose "action painting"techniques earned him the nickname "Jack the Dripper" .

Jackson Pollock [or Paul Jackson Pollock]

The Migration series is by this African-American artist, who also created a series depicting the legend of John Brown.

Jacob Lawrence

In a painting by this Frenchman, lictors bring to Lucius Junius Brutus the bodies of his sons. This man included three brothers, their father, and weeping woman in The Oath of the Horatii.

Jacques-Louis David

This official painter of Napoleon painted an approximately 33-by-20 foot painting of The Coronation of Napoleon. He also painted The Oath of the Horatii and The Death of Socrates.

Jacques-Louis David

The collapse of the Dutch art market drove this other Golden Age painter to open a tavern. His often-humorous paintings include Rhetoricians at a Window and Children Teaching a Cat to Dance.

Jan Steen ["stain" ]

This man painted the Ghent Altarpiece with his brother Hubert. This Netherlandish painter depicted a dog at the foot of a couple in his Arnolfini Portrait.

Jan van Eyck

The fact that Cennini's Handbook mentions oil painting disproves Giorgio Vasari's claim that oil painting was invented by this artist, who may have worked on an illuminated manuscript called the Turin-Milan Hours. He often signed his paintings with a Flemish motto meaning "As I can."

Jan van Eyck <AWD, Painting>

Rashomon was directed by Akira Kurosawa, a director from this nation. Kurosawa based his film Seven Samurai on this nation's Sengoku period.

Japan

Hokusai and Mount Fuji are from this Asian country, whose other artists include Ando Hiroshige.

Japan [or Nippon]

The taiko is an instrument that originated in this country, where they are manufactured by the marginalized burakumin social class. Karaoke is a large part of this country's modern music market.

Japan [or Nippon]

The essay reproduces this artist's Gray Numbers, which consists of a grid of numbers. His other paintings based on regular geometric forms include his "targets"series, such as Target with Plaster Casts.

Jasper Johns

This artist is known for his depiction of the American flag using encaustic painting. This artist contributed one of his flags to Robert Rauschenberg's combine Short Circuit.

Jasper Johns <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

Name this Finnish composer of The Swan of Tuonela, as well as the nationalistic anthem Finlandia.

Jean Sibelius

The Karelia Suite and The Swan of Tuonela are both by this Finnish composer of Finlandia.

Jean Sibelius [or Johan Julian Christian Sibelius]

This Rococo artist's painter's painting Gilles is now usually known as Pierrot, the commedia dell'arte character. He also painted the variously interpreted Embarkation for Cythera.

Jean-Antoine Watteau

This artist showed Napoleon in lavish red robes and holding Charlemagne's scepter in his Napoleon I on His Imperial Throne. He also painted The Turkish Bath, which was originally rectangular but was cut into a circular tondo.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

Felix Tournachon, better known as the photographer Nadar, savaged this French painter for the "flatulent hands"that appeared to contain "intestines"in his Portrait of Monsieur Bertin. The fresco Hercules and Telephus from Herculaneum inspired the pose of the hand in this man's portrait Madame Moitessier.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (ahng) <Hart>

This Neoclassical French painter depicted a sensuous turbaned woman from a harem with far too many vertebrae in his iconic La Grande Odalisque.

Jean-Baptiste Auguste Dominique Ingres [ANG]

Name this French painter known for the restrained, realistic style of his still lifes such as The Ray and his genre paintings such as The Governess and Boy with a Top.

Jean-Baptiste Chardin ["shar-DAN" ]

Ironically, Rameau had himself been attacked as a radical by supporters of this man, his predecessor as the leading figure of French opera. This inventor of the French overture notoriously died of gangrene after striking his foot with his long conducting staff.

Jean-Baptiste Lully [or Giovanni Battista Lulli] <Carson>

This French artist painted The Swing. A man is shown playfully sneaking up behind a woman who is peeking from under a blindfold in this artist's Blind Man's Bluff.

Jean-Honoré Fragonard

This man created the Neo-Grec masterpiece The Cockfight after studying under Charles Gleyre. He also painted Orientalist works like The Snake Charmer and popularized the "thumbs down"gladiator gesture in his Pollice Verso.

Jean-Léon Gérôme

One of the leading active composers on the French side of the debate was this author of a famed Treatise on Harmony who used Racine's Phèdre as the basis for his opera Hippolyte et Aricie (ee-poh-LEET eh ahr-ee-SEE). His opera-ballets include Les Indes galantes (lehz AHND gah-LAHNT).

Jean-Philippe Rameau

This woman, a noted attendant of many salons, maintained a cordial relationship with her main romantic rival, Marie Leszczynska [lesh-CHIN-skah]. This patron of François Boucher [boo-shay] was a close friend of Voltaire.

Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Madame de Pompadour [accept either underlined portion] <WA, ContHist>

In 1939, this jazz musician released a recording of Joplin compositions. This composer of the "King Porter Stomp"claimed to have invented jazz in 1902. His real name was Ferdinand and he led a group called the Red Hot Peppers.

Jelly Roll Morton [or Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe] <Cheyne>

This man won his second Tony award for choreography for his work on West Side Story. This American saw huge success with his choreography for the Styne and Sondheim collaboration Gypsy!

Jerome Robbins [or Jerome Wilson Rabinowitz]

Name this religious figure who is dramatically foreshortened with his stigmatized feet thrust at the viewer in a certain artist's Lamentation of him.

Jesus Christ [accept either]

Name this ballet that sets Stravinsky's Capriccio for Piano and Orchestra, Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 3, and works by Fauré in three different acts.

Jewels

A painting by this surrealist artist consists merely of the word "Photo,"a patch of blue, and the painting's title, This Is the Color of My Dreams. A ladder stretches into the sky on the left of this man's Dog Barking at the Moon.

Joan Miró

This Catalan Surrealist referenced the composition of The Garden of Earthly Delights in his painting The Tilled Field.

Joan Miró (i Ferrà)

This woman is thought to have been the model for L'Origine du monde, as well as for the redhead in Courbet's The Sleepers. She also modeled for Symphony in White, No. 1, a painting by her lover James McNeill Whistler.

Joanna "Jo"Hiffernan

Name this Austrian composer of the Radetzky March.

Johann Baptist Strauss Sr. [or "Johann Baptist Strauss I" ; or "Johann Baptist Strauss the Elder" ; or "Johann Baptist Strauss the Father" ; prompt on "Strauss"or "Johann Baptist Strauss" ]

Along with the St Matthew Passion, this German composed the Brandenburg Concertos.

Johann Sebastian Bach

Name this German Baroque composer who wrote the Goldberg Variations and a collection of keyboard preludes and fugues in all 24 keys, The Well-Tempered Clavier.

Johann Sebastian Bach

Name this German Baroque composer whose massive musically talented family included his son Carl Philipp Emanuel. He wrote the Brandenburg Concertos.

Johann Sebastian Bach

The most famous composer of the Bach family is this father of CPE Bach, known for his six suites for unaccompanied cello and his Goldberg Variations.

Johann Sebastian Bach [accept J. S. Bach]

Name this composer who, after meeting Frederick the Great, wrote The Musical Offering. He also composed the Goldberg Variations.

Johann Sebastian Bach [prompt on Bach]

This Austrian composed Die Fledermaus. This composer is often nicknamed "The Waltz King,"and he composed a waltz titled By the Beautiful Blue Danube.

Johann Strauss II [or Johann Strauss Jr.; or Johann Strauss the Younger; or Johann Strauss the Son; prompt on Strauss; prompt on J. Strauss]

Name this composer of an operetta about Prince Orlofsky's ball titled Die Fledermaus (dee FLAY-der-mouse).

Johann Strauss Jr. [or Johann Strauss II; or Johann Strauss the Younger; or Johann Strauss the Son; prompt on Strauss or Johann Baptist Strauss]

Name this artist of genre paintings such as The Milkmaid and The Astronomer, who painted a young woman seated at a virginal in The Music Lesson.

Johannes "Jan"Vermeer

Name this German Romantic composer also known for a famous "lullaby."He was close friends with the violinist Joseph Joachim ["YO-zef YAW-khim" ] and the pianist Clara Schumann.

Johannes Brahms

This German composer of the Academic Festival Overture dedicated his Violin Concerto to Joseph Joachim. He also wrote a namesake "Cradle Song,"or lullaby.

Johannes Brahms

Those trends were opposed by this more conservative composer of a namesake lullaby, or "Cradle Song,"and a Symphony No. 1 that includes a theme strongly paralleling Ludwig van Beethoven's "Ode to Joy"theme.

Johannes Brahms

Name this Dutch painter who showed a girl wearing a blue headband and the title jewelry in Girl With a Pearl Earring.

Johannes Vermeer

Name this composer whose opera Doctor Atomic is about the Manhattan Project.

John Adams [or John Coolidge Adams; do not accept "John Luther Adams" ]

Parker is known for developing bebop alongside this musician who wrote the tune "Salt Peanuts"and played with Parker in "The Quintet"on the album Jazz at Massey Hall.

John Birks "Dizzy"Gillespie

This jazz trumpeter also pioneered Latin jazz, using a clave in "Manteca,"which he co-wrote with Chano Pozo and Gil Fuller. Along with Charlie Parker, this man pioneered bebop, as shown by songs like "A Night in Tunisia."

John Birks "Dizzy"Gillespie

This American composer's string quartet has one movement for each season of the year. His 4'33"["four minutes, thirty-three seconds" ] is completely tacet, the music instead coming from sounds in the listener's environment.

John Cage [or John Milton Cage, Jr]

Peter Sellars is a frequent collaborator of this composer and directed his operas The Death of Klinghoffer and Nixon in China.

John Coolidge Adams

This composer of The Death of Klinghoffer included the aria "I Am the Wife of Mao Zedong"in Nixon in China. He won a Pulitzer Prize for On the Transmigration of Souls, which commemorated the September 11 attacks.

John Coolidge Adams

Name this English artist who portrayed a young Jesus having injured himself in a carpentry workshop in his painting Christ in the House of his Parents.

John Everett Millais

Name this British composer of A Celtic Requiem who incorporated Eastern Orthodox funeral rites into Song for Athene. He also wrote The Lamb and the cantata The Whale.

John Kenneth Tavener

In 1980, a year before doing Christo's portrait, Leibovitz had photographed this man lying nude next to his wife Yoko Ono on the day that he was assassinated.

John Lennon

This American composer, sometimes referred to as the "king"of marches, wrote patriotic marches including "The Washington Post"and "Stars and Stripes Forever."

John Philip Sousa

This man helped develop a namesake tuba-like instrument designed for marching bands. This "March King"also wrote "The Stars and Stripes Forever."

John Philip Sousa [accept sousaphone]

Millais married Effie Gray, who was previously married to this Victorian art critic, the author of Modern Painters. He criticized Whistler's Nocturne in Black and Gold for "flinging a pot of paint in the public's face."

John Ruskin

Name this man who was beheaded by Herod after Salome asked for his head on a platter.

John the Baptist [prompt on partial answer]

While working at Taliesin, Wright designed the Racine, Wisconsin, based headquarters for this cleaning supply manufacturer. Steelcase manufactured the furniture for this National Historic Landmark.

Johnson Wax [or S.C. Johnson Wax; or S.C. Johnson & Son] <Cheyne>

This American violinist recorded the soundtrack to The Red Violin and carried out a social experiment by playing his repertoire in the D.C. subway in 2007. He is the artistic director of the Academy of St. Martin in the Fields.

Joshua Bell [or Joshua David Bell]

Name this Franco-Flemish composer who wrote an extended setting of the "Pangue Lingua"hymn and used soggetto cavato to make the cantus firmus of a piece for the Duke of Ferrara.

Josquin Desprez [accept either underlined portion]

Name this C major symphony by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, nicknamed for the chief Roman god.

Jupiter Symphony [or Symphony No. 41]

This German composer of electronic music included several parts for synthesizer in his opera cycle Licht. He instructed the musicians to perform in separate vehicles in his Helicopter String Quartet.

Karlheinz Stockhausen

Name this ukiyo-e (oo-key-oh-ay) artist, who used woodblock printing to create a series of Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji, which includes The Great Wave off Kanagawa.

Katsushika Hokusai

Norton's flattened, two-dimensional style was also influenced by this artist, who showed the Mannen Bridge and several hats and papers being blown away by a strong wind in a series of works executed in the 1800s.

Katsushika Hokusai

This Russian Suprematist artist created what is widely viewed as the first purely abstract painting when he created his Black Square. He also painted two offset squares in White on White.

Kazimir Malevich

Pablo de Sarasate hailed from this country, which is the setting of Carmen. Bizet evoked this European country by writing homages to the habanera and seguidilla.

Kingdom of Spain [or Reino de España]

In one part of this Barber piece, the orchestra depicts "a streetcar raising its iron moan."This piece based on a James Agee poem was described by its composer as a "lyric rhapsody"and commissioned by Eleanor Steber.

Knoxville: Summer of 1915

Name this Jewish prayer whose name means "all vows."It was used as the setting for an 1880 piece for cello and orchestra by Max Bruch.

Kol Nidre

This eight-movement piano work by Schumann was dedicated to Chopin and named after an E. T. A. Hoffman character. Its shifts between G minor and B flat major reflect Schumann's alter-egos Florestan and Eusebius.

Kreisleriana

One film by this director begins with a car accident that kills the composer Patrice de Courcy and his daughter but leaves his wife Julie alive. That film, Blue, is the first in this filmmaker's Three Colors trilogy.

Krzysztof Kieślowski ["kyeh-SHLOFF-skee" ]

This Dada artist created the aforementioned Merzbau installation, which was destroyed in an Allied bombing raid. He also used the term "Merz"for a periodical and a barn in the Lake District.

Kurt Schwitters ["SHVIT-tuhs" ]

La Marseillaise appears on this monument that sits at the western end of the Champs-Élysées. It celebrates France's victories in the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars.

L'Arc de Triomphe de l'Etoile

It was sparked by a troupe of Italian comic actors putting on a performance of this opera buffa by Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, originally written as an intermezzo to his opera seria Il prigionero superbo. Its title character, Serpina, eventually marries Uberto.

La serva padrona [or The Servant Turned Mistress]

Name this painting, which shows the Infanta Margarita in the royal court in Madrid, surrounded by her maids of honour. The artist himself can be seen behind an easel with a red cross on his chest.

Las Meninas [or The Ladies-in-Waiting]

Picasso's late cubist works include a series of 58 paintings based on this much earlier Spanish painting. Presumably Picasso's cubist alterations messed with the sightlines in the original discussed in the opening chapter of Foucault's The Order of Things.

Las Meninas [or The Maids of Honor; by Diego Velazquez]

Well before it spread across southern California, the V-shaped "butterfly roof" was first used atop this Swiss-French architect's Maison Errazuriz. He theorized "five points of architecture", which he put into practice with his Villa Savoye.

Le Corbusier [or Charles-Edouard Jeanneret; accept Le Corb]

This Swiss-born architect of the Villa Savoye proclaimed that "a house is a machine for living"in his Toward an Architecture, which was published under the mononym he is best-known by.

Le Corbusier [or Charles-Édouard Jeanneret] <JB Other Arts (Architecture)>

Name this sculpture that depicts Liberty over a group of volunteers from the insurrection of August 10, 1792. It was sculpted by Francois Rude and is one of four main sculptural groups on a monument along with Le Triomphe, La Resistance, and La Paix.

Le Depart de 1792 [accept La Marseillaise]

Name this conductor, composer, and educator who wrote the legendary Broadway flop 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue and symphonies named Jeremiah and the Age of Anxiety.

Leonard Bernstein

John the Baptist is depicted as an infant in the Virgin of the Rocks, a painting by this Italian, whose other works include The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa.

Leonardo da Vinci [accept either underlined portion]

The successor the NBC Symphony Orchestra, the Symphony of the Air, was led by this conductor. This Polish émigré is most famous for leading the Philadelphia Orchestra and notably orchestrated many works, including the Toccata and Fugue and Pictures at an Exhibition.

Leopold Stokowski <KS Music and Opera>

Russian painter Nicholas Roerich, who painted many Himalayan scenes and was obsessed with Tibetan Buddhism, was the set designer for this ballet company with a French-language name that was founded by Sergei Diaghilev.

Les Ballets Russes

Name this group of French composers that also included the composer of the train-inspired work Pacific 231, Arthur Honegger (oh-ne-ZHAY).

Les Six [or The Six]

Name this painting by Eugène Delacroix in which a group of armed men surround a bare-breasted woman holding aloft a tricolore.

Liberty Leading the People [La Liberté guidant le peuple]

This character's variation in Sleeping Beauty is the only variation out of the six that is a waltz. Marie Petipa premiered this character, who puts Princess Aurora into a 100-year sleep to save her from the curse of Carabosse.

Lilac Fairy <YFL Other Arts (Ballet)>

Handel's opera Rinaldo was the first Italian opera composed for this city, where Handel was the music director for the Royal Academy of Music. Handel's Water Music was premiered on a river in this European capital.

London

St. Paul's Cathedral is located in this city, whose reconstruction he helped plan after its Great Fire of 1666.

London

Andre Derain's most well known painting is of a bridge in this city. Monet made a series of views from the Thames of the Houses of Parliament in this city.

London, England

Gustavo Dudamel succeeded Esa-Pekka Salonen as music director for an orchestra that is based in this city and often performs at the Frank Gehry designed Walt Disney Concert Hall.

Los Angeles

A witch holds a baby, whose fart sets fire to a brazier [BREY-zher], in a work by Goya from this series of eighty etchings. It also includes The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters.

Los Caprichos [or The Caprices]

"Cornet Chop Suey"was among the hits this bandleader and trumpeter had with his "Hot Five."He was also a singer, recording "Hello, Dolly"and "What a Wonderful World,"and he was nicknamed "Satchmo."

Louis Armstrong

Another musician strongly associated with Dixieland and New Orleans jazz is this musician, known for playing with the Hot Five and Hot Seven bands as well as his song "What a Wonderful World."

Louis Armstrong

This American artist developed the colorful iridescent favrile variety of glass, which he used for his lampshades.

Louis Comfort Tiffany

Name this 1835 opera in which the title character sings the aria "Il dolce suono."

Lucia di Lammermoor

Johnson collaborated with this other architect on the Seagram Building. This architect was the last director of the Bauhaus and espoused the maxim of "less is more."

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe [or Maria Ludwig Michael Mies]

Name these two architects who collaborated on the design for the Four Seasons restaurant, which is located in a building they both designed.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe [or Maria Ludwig Michael Mies] and Philip Johnson [or Philip Cortelyou Johnson]

This composer used a deceptive cadence near the end of the 'C' section of his bagatelle Für Elise. He also wrote nine symphonies, including the "Choral"Symphony.

Ludwig Van Beethoven

Moonlight is among the thirty-two piano sonatas by this German composer, whose music marks a transition between the Classical and Romantic periods.

Ludwig van Beethoven

This composer of the Diabelli Variations also wrote 32 piano sonatas, including ones commonly called the "Hammerklavier,""Waldstein,"and "Les Adieux."

Ludwig van Beethoven

This composer's lieder includes settings of works by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, such as Que le jour me dure, as well as Goethe works like Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship. He wrote Egmont and Coriolanus overtures.

Ludwig van Beethoven

The title character of this composer's opera Lakmé falls in love with Gérald, a British officer, shortly after singing the "Flower Duet"with her servant Mallika.

Léo Delibes [or Clément Philibert Léo Delibes]

Parmigianino [pahr-mi-juh-NEE-noh] painted this traditional subject of Renaissance paintings with a long neck, holding an oddly elongated baby Jesus on her lap.

Madonna (accept "Mary" )

Name these paintings by a specific artist, one "of the Pinks."That artist also painted versions of those paintings "of the Meadow"and ones named for Sistine and Ansidei.

Madonnas by Raphael

This artist took photographs of Duchamp dressed in drag as the character Rrose ["rose" ] Selavy. This artist's Violin of Ingres shows the back of a nude woman with violin f holes.

Man Ray [or Emmanuel Radnitzky]

Parmigianino was a prominent exponent of this late Renaissance style known for its use of distortion and exaggeration in bodies and spaces.

Mannerism

This style that emerged towards the end of the High Renaissance is characterized by unusual poses and elongated proportions.

Mannerism <WN, Painting>

This style of four-sided gambrel-style roof, with the lower of two slopes on each side punctuated by dormers, was popularized during the French Second Empire by the great-nephew of its namesake inventor.

Mansard roof [or Mansart roof; accept curb roof]

The aforementioned depiction of the Eiffel Tower next to a parachutist appears in Paris Through the Window, a painting by this Russian Jewish artist who created a new ceiling for the auditorium of the Paris Opera. The Eiffel Tower is also visible through a window in his Self-Portrait with Seven Fingers.

Marc Chagall [or Marc Zakharovich Chagall; or Moishe Shagal]

This artist produced stained glass windows for the cathedrals of Reims and Metz and well as a series depicting the twelve tribes of Israel for a synagogue in Ein Karem, Jerusalem.

Marc Chagall [or Marc Zakharovich Chagall]

An unidentified artist used an unhinged mirror to take a photograph titled Five-Way Portrait of this artist. This Dada artist had an alter ego named Rrose Sélavy ("air-rose say-lah-vee" ) and created a work titled Fountain using a urinal.

Marcel Duchamp

Name this Dada artist whose readymade L.H.O.O.Q ["ell-aash-oh-oh-KOO" ] is a postcard of the Mona Lisa with a moustache drawn over it.

Marcel Duchamp

In 1991, Leibovitz imitated this other photographer by taking pictures from the Chrysler Building's gargoyles. This artist's photos of the Depression-era South are collected in You Have Seen Their Faces.

Margaret Bourke-White <WA, OVisArt>

"My Favorite Things"is sung by this protagonist of The Sound of Music, whose fellow nuns sing a song in which they wonder how to solve a problem like her.

Maria Rainer

The little girls in the aforementioned etchings have the facial features of this Picasso mistress. Part of this woman's face comprises an erect penis in the painting The Dream.

Marie-Therese Walter [accept either]

Hamilton drew X's across photos of this person on a beach. The Tate owns that print, as well as a half-color, half-black and white "diptych"depicting this person by Andy Warhol.

Marilyn Monroe

Giselle was revived by this French and Russian dancer who is also known for his revival and restaging of Swan Lake with Lev Ivanov.

Marius Petipa <YFL Other Arts (Ballet)>

This French choreographer included a scene set in the "kingdom of the shades" , a Himalayan dream landscape, in a ballet written in collaboration with composer Ludwig Minkus entitled La Bayadère. This choreographer worked with Lev Ivanov to create the original choreography for The Nutcracker.

Marius Petipa [or Marius Ivanovich Petipa or Victor Marius Alphonse Petipa] <Hart>

This color-field painter was born in what is now Latvia; he designed the Four Seasons murals and a namesake chapel in Houston before committing suicide in 1970.

Mark Rothko [or Marcus Yakovlevich Rothkowitz; or Markus Rotkovics]

This Latvian-born American color-field painter is considered part of abstract expressionism. His paintings often solely feature stripes of different colors, and he refused to give the Four Seasons murals to a restaurant in the Seagram Building.

Mark Rothko [or Markus Yakovlevich Rothkowitz]

Balanchine created the ballet Episodes, which sets both music by Webern and Bach, alongside this choreographer and dancer known for a namesake dance technique and the choreography to Appalachian Spring.

Martha Graham <YFL, Other Arts - Dance>

La Tour's painting of this woman "with the smoking flame"can be seen in Ariel's grotto in a scene from The Little Mermaid. The Met houses another La Tour painting of this "penitent"Biblical figure.

Mary Magdalene [prompt on Mary]

The Isenheim Altarpiece is a masterpiece of this German artist. This artist was the subject of the Paul Hindemith opera Mathis der Maler.

Matthias Grunewald

Miroirs is a piece written by this French composer who used a prominent snare drum ostinato in his piece Boléro.

Maurice Ravel

Name this French composer. An ostinato snare drum rhythm that may already be stuck in your head appears in his famously repetitive Boléro.

Maurice Ravel [or Joseph Maurice Ravel]

This composer's Violin Concerto No. 1 in G minor is considered one of the five great romantic violin concerti. He also wrote Kol Nidrei and a Scottish Fantasy for solo violin and orchestra.

Max Bruch [or Max Christian Friedrich Bruch]

This German surrealist painted a bunch of bizarre sea creatures in Napoleon in the Wilderness and included a real wooden gate and knob in Two Children Are Threatened by a Nightingale.

Max Ernst

Giambologna also sculpted this Roman god standing on the tip of one foot. The Greek equivalent of this god carries an infant Dionysus in a Praxiteles sculpture.

Mercury [or Hermes]

Name this country whose other major works include a one-movement symphony whose percussion instrumentation calls for butterfly cocoons and a string of deer hooves, Sinfonía India.

Mexico

Name this city whose artists included Roberto Montenegro. Its National Preparatory High School project employed many artists who would later move to America for work.

Mexico City [or Ciudad México; do not accept or prompt on "Mexico" ]

Carrington lived most of her life in this North American country, the birthplace of Frida Kahlo.

Mexico [or United Mexican States or Estados Unidos Mexicanos]

Frida Kahlo and her muralist husband Diego Rivera were from this country.

Mexico [or United Mexican States; or Estados Unidos Mexicanos]

Bernstein mentored this conductor, who was his artistic co-director for the first Pacific Music Festival in Japan. This director of the San Francisco Symphony was inspired by Bernstein's Young People's Concerts to create the series Keeping Score.

Michael Tilson-Thomas [accept MTT] <AWD, Music>

Name this Renaissance artist, who painted The Creation of Adam as part of his decorations for the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

Michelangelo (di Lodovico) Buonarroti (Simoni)

Name this artist who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

Michelangelo (di Lodovico) Buonarroti (Simoni) [accept either underlined portion]

Name this artist whose only surviving panel painting is the Doni Tondo. Pope Julius II commissioned him to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, for which he created his famous Creation of Adam.

Michelangelo [or Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni]

A tripartite staircase featuring wide oval risers at its base leading to the reading room of the Laurentian Library in Florence was designed by this Italian, whose sculptural accomplishments include David and the Pieta.

Michelangelo [or Michelangelo di Ludovico Buonarotti Simoni]

The Last Judgment was created by this man, who also painted the Sistine Chapel's ceiling.

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni [accept either]

Name this painting series, which catapulted its artist to fame after a 1941 solo exposition at the Manhattan Downtown gallery.

Migration series

Name this hybrid monster from Greek myth that was depicted in another work by the same artist reaching toward a girl with a candle, and is said to represent the artist's own sense of tenderness and rage.

Minotaur

Chopin was inspired to write this short piano piece after witnessing a dog chasing its tail. This piece's publisher gave it a commonly-used nickname meant to reflect the piece's proportions rather than duration.

Minute Waltz [or Waltz in D-flat major Opus 64, No. 1; prompt on Waltz of the Little Dog or Valse du petit chien or "Waltz in D-flat major"or "Waltz in D-flat major Opus 64." ]

Pictures was written by this Russian composer of Night on Bald Mountain.

Modest Mussorgsky

Besides Schubert, another great composer of song cycles was this Russian who wrote Sunless and Songs and Dances of Death. Another of his pieces has multiple Promenade sections in 5/4 and 6/4.

Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky

Name this California city located south of San Francisco, which has hosted the longest consecutively-running jazz festival since 1958. An aquarium named for its namesake bay sits on its Cannery Row.

Monterey

Name this bohemian district of Paris that contained the nightclub Le Chat Noir made famous by a Theophile Steinlen poster. It is named after a hill atop which sits the Basilica of the Sacré Coeur.

Montmartre

Name this piece in C-sharp minor whose opening movement Ludwig Rellstab compared to a nighttime phenomenon shimmering above Lake Lucerne.

Moonlight Sonata [or Piano Sonata No. 14 by Ludwig van Beethoven]

Du Pré was a student of this Russian cellist, a frequent collaborator of composers like Shostakovich, Prokofiev, and Britten. He directed the National Symphony Orchestra from 1977 to 1994.

Mstislav Leopoldovich "Slava"Rostropovich

A copy of Fugit Amor is held in this Parisian art museum, which houses the world's largest collection of Impressionist and post-Impressionist works. It is located in and named after a former train station.

Musée d'Orsay <Hart>

One of the other Young British Artists, Tracey Emin, created this piece, which gained notoriety after being shortlisted for the 1999 Turner Prize. That same year, two Chinese performance artists had a shirtless fight on this installation.

My Bed <YFL Other Arts (Visual)>

Name this cycle of symphonic poems. Its first movement begins with two harps arpeggiating the motif B flat-E flat-D-B flat to represent its namesake castle, while the second quotes "La Mantovana."

Má vlast

This orchestra, one of the most prominent in the "Golden Age"of American classical music, was formed specifically for the conductor Arturo Toscanini. Although not part of the "Big Five,"this radio orchestra was originally disbanded in 1954 but was reformed and premiered Amahl and the Night Visitors.

NBC Symphony Orchestra [prompt on partial answer]

Gericault's The Charging Chasseur shows a member of this man's army riding a horse. This man is the subject of multiple paintings by Antoine-Jean Gros and Jacques-Louis David.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Wiley's version of this Jacques-Louis David painting replaces its subject with a man in a gold cape and camo. This painting depicts an emperor of France at the St. Bernard Pass, pointing the way forward from his rearing horse.

Napoleon Crossing the Alps [or Napoleon Leading the Army Over the Alps; or Bonaparte Crossing the Alps] <JB Painting and Sculpture>

This E minor symphony by a different composer contains a famous English horn solo in its Largo second movement, which later changes key and depicts a storm in C-sharp minor.

New World Symphony [or Symphony No. 9 by Antonín Dvořák; or "From the New World" ]

Cliff Dwellers depicts the Lower East Side neighborhood of this city. This city's art museums include the MoMA and the Met, which abuts this city's Central Park.

New York City

Name this city, the subject of Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives and the setting of Paul Strand's photograph Wall Street.

New York City [or NYC]

The fire department was called after a piano caught fire during the self-destruction of a Jean Tinguely ["tang-LEE" ] assemblage titled for this city. This city's street grid inspired Piet Mondrian's Broadway Boogie Woogie.

New York City [or NYC]

Later in life, Mahler conducted this orchestra, whose home is the recently renamed David Geffen Hall. Its longtime director Leonard Bernstein conducted a controversial performance of Glenn Gould playing Brahms's Piano Concerto No. 1 with this orchestra.

New York Philharmonic Orchestra [or Philharmonic-Symphony Society of New York; or NYPO] <Kothari>

The intermezzo of Carnaval is named for this Italian, whose own compositions include 24 caprices for solo violin, the last of which inspired a Sergei Rachmaninoff rhapsody.

Niccolo Paganini

Name this set of works, the last of which was the basis for two books by Brahms of fourteen variations each and a piano duo by Lutoslawski. The thirteenth, nicknamed "The Devil's Laughter,"is full of slurred double-stops.

Niccolò Paganini's 24 Caprices for Solo Violin

This painter is renowned for the fantastic landscapes in his paintings like The Burial at Phocion. This painter included Aurora, Time, Apollo, and the Hours in his Dance to the Music of Time.

Nicolas Poussin

Edward Hopper is better known for this painting that shows a man chatting with a woman in a diner that has an advertisement for Phillies Cigars.

Nighthawks

This member of both the Belyayev circle and The Five composed a symphonic piece based on The Arabian Nights called Scheherazade as well as The Flight of the Bumblebee.

Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov

This composer's 1883 piano concerto is also in the key of C-sharp minor. Folk melodies from Asturias inspired his Capriccio Espagnol, and he used chants from the Obikhod as the basis for parts of his Russian Easter Festival Overture.

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov [or Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov]

This Russian pianist, the intended soloist for Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1, initially criticized it but became a champion of its later revisions. Tchaikovsky wrote a Piano Trio in A minor in this pianist's memory.

Nikolai Rubinstein [prompt on Rubinstein]

This founder of the Moscow Conservatory was a close friend of Tchaikovsky, though he also gave audience to The Five and played many of their pieces. As a pianist, this man premiered the piece Islamey.

Nikolai Rubinstein [prompt on Rubinstein]

The Four Freedoms series was painted by this American artist, whose work graced the cover of The Saturday Evening Post for decades.

Norman Rockwell

Edward James served as the model for this Magritte portrait, in which he stands in front of a mirror that, rather than reflecting him properly, simply replicates the observer's view of the back of his head.

Not To Be Reproduced [or La reproduction interdite] <Carson>

The motet likely originated from the organum tradition whose pioneers included Léonin and Pérotin, both affiliated with a school named for this cathedral of the Archdiocese of Paris.

Notre-Dame de Paris

Name this composer of the Quartet for the End of Time.

Olivier Messiaen

Saariaho decided to write L'Amour de loin after she saw Sellars's production of this composer's opera Saint-François d'Assise. This man composed a piece that opens with a "Crystal Liturgy"in which a clarinet plays a blackbird's song.

Olivier Messiaen ("oh-leev-YAY mess-YAWN" ) <YFL, Other Arts - Opera>

This musical was an adaptation of Jerome Robbins' ballet Fancy Free, also with music by Bernstein. This musical follows the sailors Ozzie, Chip, and Gabey on shore leave.

On the Town

This actor plays Harry Lime in The Third Man. He directed and starred in a film in which a journalist tries to unravel the meaning of the protagonist's dying utterance, "rosebud" . That film directed by this man is Citizen Kane.

Orson Welles

The Sound of Music included music by Richard Rodgers and lyrics by this frequent collaborator, who also worked with Rodgers on the musicals Oklahoma! and Show Boat.

Oscar Hammerstein

Pines of Rome is the second part, sandwiched between Fountains of Rome and Roman Festivals, in this Italian composer and musicologist's aptly-titled Roman Triptych.

Ottorino Respighi

Moolaadé was directed by this French-speaking African filmmaker and writer, whose first feature film, Black Girl, brought African cinema to international attention. He critiqued the corruption of government through the lens of a businessman with erectile dysfunction in Xala.

Ousmane Sembène

A 1967 theft at the University of Michigan stole several works by Henry Moore and this other artist, though they were later recovered at a California auction house. His works include Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.

Pablo Picasso

This artist's Vollard Suite includes fifteen etchings of Minotaurs. Some critics suggest the bull head in this artist's work Guernica is meant to represent a Minotaur.

Pablo Picasso

This Spanish painter, who painted The Old Guitarist during his "blue period" , spent some time living in Le Bateau-Lavoir in Montmartre.

Pablo Picasso [or Pablo Ruiz y Picasso] <Hart>

In this verismo opera by Ruggero Leoncavallo, Canio sings "Vesti la giubba" as he is forced to smile and put on a show, even though he has just discovered his wife Nedda's infidelity.

Pagliacci

Andre le Notre was a master of the Jardin Francais, and put that skill to use to design the many bosquets, or tree groves, at this French palace for Louis XIV.

Palace of Versailles

Identify this Italian artist. This artist depicted Niccolò da Tolentino among many soldiers with lances in his masterpiece The Battle of San Romano.

Paolo Uccello

Name this early Renaissance artist of the frescoes Funerary Monument to Sir John Hawkwood. This proponent of linear perspective depicted Niccolò da Tolentino in the Battle of San Romano series.

Paolo Uccello [or Paolo di Dono]

This character from The Magic Flute, who was played by Schikaneder at the premiere, sings the aria "Der Vogelfanger bin ich ja," in which he declares that he is a jolly bird-catcher.

Papageno

It is found in the Musee d'Orsay in this European city, which also contains the Louvre.

Paris, France

Name this female character who sings the aria "This is prophetic" . She mistakes events in the ballet-opera The Red Detachment of Women for reality and tries to help a girl being whipped.

Pat Nixon [or Patricia Nixon; or Thelma Nixon; or Thelma Ryan; accept answers like Mrs. Nixon; prompt on "Nixon" ]

An Adagio lamentoso ends this last symphony by Tchaikovsky, whose second movement is a waltz in the unusual time signature of 5/4.

Pathetique Symphony [or Symphony No. 6]

This 8th Beethoven piano sonata opens its Grave first movement with a long forte-piano C minor chord and was dedicated to Karl von Lichnowsky ["likh-NOFF-skee" ].

Pathétique Sonata [or the Sonata Pathétique; or the Grande sonata pathétique; or Beethoven's Opus 13] <YFL Music and Opera>

This French composer wrote a brass fanfare to precede his ballet La Péri. He also wrote Variations, Interlude, and Finale on a Theme by Rameau and an orchestral scherzo inspired by a Goethe poem.

Paul Abraham Dukas <Kothari>

This post-Impressionist's Bathers, sometimes called the Large Bathers, shows a group of naked people framed by a group of trees leaning together to form an inverted 'V.'

Paul Cézanne

Name this French artist whose time in Tahiti inspired his painting The Yellow Christ.

Paul Gauguin

Name this artist, who painted a figure reaching for some fruit in the center of a large painting that is meant to be read from right-to-left. The French title of that painting by this artist is inscribed on the top-left of the canvas.

Paul Gauguin [or Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin]

Name this composer of Mathis der Maler. This composer used a march to end his Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber.

Paul Hindemith ["HIN-duh-mit" ]

The artist of Watson and the Shark, John Singleton Copley, also painted a portrait of this American Revolutionary hero holding a silver teapot. Grant Wood illustrated his "midnight ride."

Paul Revere

Van Gogh's portrait of this physician shows him resting his head on his right arm on a table.

Paul-Ferdinand Gachet

Name this room that was painted in a deep blue-green color for Frederick Leyland by James McNeill Whistler. One of its walls shows two birds sparring against each other.

Peacock Room

Name this work whose incidental music included "Anitra's Dance" and a piece in which the play's title character runs away from some trolls, "In the Hall of the Mountain King."

Peer Gynt

Pat Nixon is a character in a John Adams opera about President Nixon's visit to this country.

People's Republic of China [or PRC; do not accept "Republic of China" ]

This Australian composer included a bunch of Kipling-inspired poems in his choral Jungle Book Cycle, though he's more famous for his piano arrangement of Country Gardens, his band piece Lincolnshire Posy, and other folk tune-inspired music.

Percy Aldridge Grainger <Kothari>

Name this art group that included an artist who painted a woman dressed in black in a carriage titled Portrait of an Unknown Woman. Another artist from this group showed a boy with a walking stick next to a priest in front of a procession in one painting.

Peredvizhniki ("peh-rid-VEEZH-nick-ee" ) [or The Wanderers; or The Itinerants; or The Society for Traveling Art Exhibitions]

Name this Russian composer of an oft-performed Violin Concerto in D major and the 1812 Overture.

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Name this theater and opera director. In one of his collaborations, he wrote a libretto quoting from government documents and poetry ranging from John Donne to a Tewa traditional song.

Peter Sellars

The original production of L'Amour de loin was directed by this American opera director. This man's production of The Death of Klinghoffer was so controversial that the opening scene was later removed from the score.

Peter Sellars

The combination of C and F-sharp major triads that represent the title puppet of this Igor Stravinsky ballet implies a white-key/black-key division, which makes sense given Stravinsky's notorious habit of composing at the piano.

Petrushka

This architect designed the Glass House. This man was the original architect of the Rothko Chapel and he is the alphabetically prior of the two architects who collaborated on the Seagram Building.

Philip Cortelyou Johnson

This minimalist composer's Einstein on the Beach intersperses five "knee plays"between a medley of abstract scenes such as "Train,""Trial,""Bed,"and "Spaceship."

Philip Glass [or Philip Morris Glass]

After an opening timpani roll crescendo, this work by Grieg begins with a descending second followed by a descending third motif. It was inspired a Robert Schumann work in the same key.

Piano Concerto in A minor

Name this programmatic suite for solo piano. Viktor Hartmann's drawings were used as inspiration for its various movements.

Pictures at an Exhibition [or Pictures from an Exhibition - A Remembrance of Victor Hartmann or Kartinki s vystavki - Vosopminaniye o Viktore Gartmane]

The film The Rules of the Game was directed by the son of this French artist, whose painting Luncheon of the Boating Party is copied annually by The Glass Man in the movie Amelie.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir

This artist also painted a work called The Large Bathers, in addition to a smaller work entitled The Bathers that shows two fleshy nudes. The former depicts the model Suzanne Valadon, who also appears in this artist's Dance at Bougival.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir <Hart>

This Dutch painter's Broadway Boogie Woogie was inspired by the grid-like pattern of Manhattan roadways.

Piet (Cornelis) Mondrian

Another early Flemish painter was this artist who showed an army of skeletons razing a desolate landscape in Triumph of Death. He also painted The Fight Between Carnival and Lent.

Pieter Brueghel ["BRO-hull" ] the Elder

A traditional Slavic dance titles this composer's Piano Trio No. 4 in E minor, whose last three movements are in harmonically disparate keys. He also drew on Slavic tales in his tone poem The Water Goblin.

Pietà

Titian's final painting, which was completed by Palma the Younger, shows a depiction of this scene with the Virgin Mary and Nicodemus. In this scene, the Virgin Mary cradles the body of the dead Christ.

Pietà

Name this 1924 symphonic poem. Its third movement is a nocturne that ends with a then-innovative phonograph recording of a nightingale.

Pines of Rome [or Pini di Roma]

The House of the Faun is found in this city where the House of the Vettii is also located. It was excavated in part by Giuseppe Fiorelli.

Pompeii

A mural depicting Venus Anadyomene that is believed to be based on Apelles' work was found in this city. The well-preserved House of the Faun was discovered in this city.

Pompeii <AWD, Painting>

A session of the Council of Trent was legendarily persuaded by this composition to keep polyphony, an event commemorated by a Hans Pfitzner opera. It is named for a pontiff with a three-week reign.

Pope Marcellus Mass [accept Missa Papae Marcelli]

Sarto made a more technically nice copy of Raphael's group portrait of one of these people after Raphael's death. "Screaming"holders of this title by Francis Bacon were based on a Velasquez portrait.

Pope [or Papa]

Name this school or architecture prevalent in the Midwest and Chicago that included Louis Sullivan. It focused on integrating buildings with the landscape and featured the widespread use of horizontal lines.

Prairie School

Millais was a part of this artistic collective which valued imitation of nature and opposed the Joshua Reynolds influenced state of academic art of their time. Dante Gabriel Rossetti and William Holman Hunt were also part of this group.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood [or PRB]

The Light of the World is a painting by an artist from this movement that rejected the influence of Joshua Reynolds. A red-headed boy is kissed on the cheek by a woman in a workshop in a painting from this art movement.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood [or the Pre-Raphaelites]

That aforementioned official portrait depicts a holder of this position. The 43rd holder of this position published Portraits of Courage, a book of paintings of veterans, in 2017.

President of the United States of America [or POTUS]

This march, probably written for Queen Anne's husband, is often attributed to Purcell, but is actually by Jeremiah Clarke. It was originally for harpsichord, but its arrangements by Henry Wood are more often played at fancy occasions like weddings.

Prince of Denmark's March [accept Trumpet Voluntary]

Name this neoclassical ballet whose music is based on compositions spuriously attributed to Giovanni Pergolesi. Florindo and Cloviello beat up its commedia dell'arte-inspired title character after he is caught dancing with Rosetta.

Pulcinella

Name this Russian composer of the 1812 Overture and the Pathétique Symphony.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Name this composer of a Piano Concerto No. 1 in B-flat minor, whose violin concerto includes a middle movement Canzonetta.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

The ballet Swan Lake is by this composer who wrote music for The Nutcracker and Sleeping Beauty.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky [or Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky]

The Queen of Spades was composed by this Russian, who also composed music for the ballets Swan Lake and The Nutcracker.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky [or Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky]

The father of "The Waltz King" composed this march named for an Austrian field marshal. This piece is usually the last played at the Vienna Philharmonic's New Year's Day Concert.

Radetzky March

This Chopin prelude uses a left-hand A-flat to represent the title phenomenon. This is the fifteenth of Chopin's 24 preludes.

Raindrop Prelude <YFL Music and Opera>

This English composer used a harp to imitate the Westminster Chimes in his A London Symphony. His fifth symphony follows up a third-movement Romanza with a majestic passacaglia.

Ralph ["rafe" ] Vaughan Williams

Identify this artist who depicted a woman in an Oriental headscarf in La Fornarina. The words "Causarum Cognitio"appear in a tondo in one of this artist's works that is hung opposite his The Disputation of the Sacrament.

Raphael

Millais, along with William Holman Hunt and Dante Gabriel Rossetti, was part of a "brotherhood"which believed that this artist of The School of Athens had corrupted the teaching of art.

Raphael Sanzio da Urbino

One of the most iconic paintings of the High Renaissance is The School of Athens by this student of Perugino.

Raphael [or Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino]

Name this film. Its frame narrative features the woodcutter, a commoner, and a priest discussing conflicting stories about a murder while taking shelter from a storm underneath the title gate.

Rashomon

Madrid's Golden Triangle of Art includes the Prado, the Thyssen-Bornemisza ("TEE-same-bor-nay-MEE-sah" ) Museum, and this museum of modern art named after a Spanish monarch. Its collection includes Pablo Picasso's Guernica.

Reina Sofía Museum [or Queen Sofia Museum]

Philosopher in Meditation and Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer are by this artist of The Night Watch.

Rembrandt (Harmenszoon) van Rijn [or Rembrandt van Rijn]

The Hundred-Guilder Print is an image of Christ healing the sick by this Dutch artist, better known for painting Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer and The Nightwatch.

Rembrandt van Rijn ("van rine" ) [accept either underlined name]

Time Transfixed is one of the most famous paintings by this Belgian surrealist, whose painting The Treachery of Images depicts a pipe above the legend "Ceci n'est pas une pipe" , or "This is not a pipe" .

Rene Magritte [or Rene Francois Ghislain Magritte]

Golconda and The Menaced Assassin are by this Belgian surrealist painter who stated "This is not a pipe"in The Treachery of Images, and depicted a train emerging from a fireplace in Time Transfixed.

René (François Ghislain) Magritte

Identify this Belgian surrealist who depicted a train emerging from a fireplace in Time Transfixed. This artist included the text "Ceci n'est pas une pipe"in The Perfidy of Images.

René Magritte [or René François Ghislain Magritte]

This Belgian surrealist artist painted Time Transfixed. This man's Treachery of Images shows a pipe with the phrase "Ceci n'est pas une pipe"written below it.

René Magritte [or René François Ghislain Magritte]

Gershwin wrote an Overture based on the dances of this country. Dance rhythms in this country are driven by the claves (CLAH-vays), which Gershwin placed in front of the conductor along with the maracas, bongos and guiros.

Republic of Cuba

Al Hirschfeld's caricatures for the New York Times inspired the third piece in Fantasia 2000, which used this George Gershwin composition to set the scene. This boisterous work opens with a long clarinet glissando.

Rhapsody in Blue <EX, Music>

Ariadne on Naxos and Salome were written by this German composer, whose other collaborations with Hugo von Hofmannsthal include Der Rosenkavalier. His tone poems include Don Juan and Also sprach Zarathustra.

Richard Georg Strauss [prompt on "Strauss" ]

This early British pop-artist showed a bodybuilder in front of some stairs and beside a naked women on a sofa in his Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing?

Richard Hamilton

Name this composer whose anti-semitism is on display in his essay "Jewishness in Music."

Richard Wagner [VAHG-ner]

Bruckner became a massive partisan of this composer after seeing the premiere of his opera Tristan und Isolde. This composer also wrote the Ring Cycle.

Richard Wagner [or Wilhelm Richard Wagner]

This Homer painting, inspired by Japanese prints, depicts a pair of Goldeneye ducks being hit by a double- barrelled shotgun blast almost immediately after taking off from the water.

Right and Left

Wagner composed this epic cycle, which is named for an object made by the dwarf Alberich, and includes the operas The Rhine Gold, The Valkyrie, and Twilight of the Gods.

Ring Cycle [or The Ring of the Nibelung; or Der Ring des Nibelungen]

Sturtevant copied Man Ray by posing nude with this artist for Adam and Eve. When a Jasper Johns painting was stolen from the original, this man asked Sturtevant to paint a copy to be included in one of this man's combines.

Robert Rauschenberg

Name this German Romantic composer who wrote the Spring and Rhenish symphonies. He married the pianist Clara Wieck and co-founded the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik.

Robert Schumann

Name this German composer who was married to a woman named Clara.

Robert Schumann

Liszt dedicated his B minor piano sonata to this composer, whose final insanity may also have been caused by syphilis. He wrote symphonies nicknamed "Spring"and "Rhenish" , as well as Scenes from Childhood.

Robert Schumann <Kothari>

Diderot was critical of this elaborate French style characterized by extravagant ornamentation. Chardin himself was originally trained in this style of Fragonard and Watteau ["vah-TOH" ].

Rococo

This colorfully orchestrated Berlioz piece features themes from his opera Benvenuto Cellini. Its exuberant opening in the strings is quickly cut off by a slow English horn solo in 3/4 time.

Roman Carnival Overture [or Le carnaval romain ouverture caractéristique] <YFL, Music>

Name this African-American artist whose works include The Calabash. He co-wrote the jazz song "Sea Breeze."

Romare Bearden

An ethereal offstage trumpet solo depicts a catacomb near this city in the second movement of a work titled after this city. That work uses ancient trumpets called "buccine"[boo-CHEE-nay] in its final movement.

Rome [accept Pines of Rome or Pini di Roma]

Berlioz's "Queen Mab Scherzo"was written as part of a "dramatic symphony"based on this play. Other pieces based on this Shakespeare play include an "Overture-Fantasy"by Tchaikovsky and a ballet by Prokofiev.

Romeo and Juliet [accept Roméo et Juliette]

Give the three-word title of the finale of Mozart's Piano Sonata No. 11, which uses pedal technique and other methods to imitate the sound of military bands.

Rondo alla turca <EX, Music>

For an earlier series, Monet rented a room across the street from this building to work on over thirty depictions of its facade at different times of day.

Rouen Cathedral <JB Painting and Sculpture>

The use of primary colored Ben-Day dots to create a style reminiscent of comics was a hallmark of this American artist of Whaam! and Look, Mickey!

Roy (Fox) Lichtenstein

This artist, who claimed that "I would still prefer to sit under a tree with a picnic basket rather than under a gas pump,"drew on Manet's Luncheon on the Grass for his work The White Tree. This artist fused Surrealism and his distinct style in works such as Amerind Landscape.

Roy Lichtenstein

Wren was also commissioned to design this building to house John Flamsteed's scientific work, for which tall windows were installed in its Octagon Room. This building also marks the prime meridian.

Royal Observatory, Greenwich [or Royal Greenwich Observatory]

Malevich founded Suprematism, an art movement from this country. Ilya Repin was a member of Peredvizhniki, or The Wanderers, a 19th-century art group from this country.

Russia [accept USSR or Soviet Union]

Peredvizhniki was an art group from this country, where Repin painted a wide-eyed tsar clutching his son in Ivan the Terrible and His Son Ivan.

Russia [or Russian Empire] <YFL, Painting>

In addition to the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain is home to this striking, elaborate church in Barcelona. This church, under construction since 1882, may finally be completed in 2026.

Sagrada Familia [or "Basilica I Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Familia"or "Temple Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia" ]

Name this figure who sits at his study desk behind a sleeping dog and lion in a work grouped with its artist's Melancolia I and Knight, Death and the Devil.

Saint Jerome

This opera by the same composer, based on an Oscar Wilde play, shocked audiences with its "Dance of the Seven Veils."A "sickening"chord, consisting of F-sharp major on top of an A dominant seventh, plays after the title woman kisses the head of Jochanaan.

Salome

Gala was the wife of this surrealist painter who painted several melting clocks in Persistence of Memory.

Salvador Dali

Name this Spanish Surrealist who included melting watches in The Persistence of Memory.

Salvador Dali

Schiaparelli collaborated with this Spanish Surrealist on several projects, including a hat shaped like a shoe and the "Lobster Dress."His Soft Construction with Boiled Beans is a "premonition"of the Spanish Civil War.

Salvador Dalí

Name this opera with a bacchanale that is based on a section of The Book of Judges.

Samson and Delilah [or Samson et Dalila]

The opera Vanessa was written by this American composer of an overture to The School for Scandal and the string orchestra piece Adagio for Strings.

Samuel Barber

The American mezzo-soprano Rose Bampton notably sang in the New York premiere of this composer's vocal pieces "Dover Beach"and "With Rue My Heart is Laden" . He won a Pulitzer for his opera Vanessa.

Samuel Barber [or Samuel Osmond Barber II]

Toscanini conducted the premiere of this composer's First Essay for Orchestra and his Adagio for Strings, adapted from his string quartet. This American composer set a text by James Agee in Knoxville: Summer of 1915.

Samuel Osmond Barber II

This artist's Adoration of the Magi includes portraits of Cosimo, Piero, and Giovanni de' Medici. This artist also painted The Birth of Venus and Primavera.

Sandro Botticelli [or Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi]

Rembrandt's The Prodigal Son in the Tavern depicts the artist revelling, drink in hand, with this wife of his. Her death at 30 was depicted by Rembrandt in paintings of her sick bed.

Saskia Rembrandt

Fitzgerald first rose to fame with the Chick Webb Orchestra, which was based at this Harlem venue and covered a song titled for "Stompin' at"this venue. Norma Miller was among a group of Lindy Hoppers who helped popularize the dance style at this venue.

Savoy Ballroom <BN, Other Arts - Jazz>

Raphael may be best known for this monumental fresco located in the Vatican's Stanza della Segnatura [sen-yah-TOO-rah] that shows Plato and Aristotle at the center of a gathering of intellectuals.

School of Athens [accept Scuola di Atene]

Name this man who also wrote about a young woman who confronts a group of conjurers in the opera Treemonisha.

Scott Joplin

Name this ragtime composer whose operas include Treemonisha.

Scott Joplin

Ousmane Sembène hails from this West African country. Sembène was a member of this country's Serer ethnic group, like its first president, the poet Léopold Senghor.

Senegal

Another work by the composer John Adams is entitled On the Transmigration of Souls and was commissioned by the New York Philharmonic for the first anniversary of this event.

September 11th attacks [or 9/11; accept obvious equivalents]

This other Soviet filmmaker showed a woman shot in the face with broken glasses and a baby carriage rolling down the Odessa steps in his film Battleship Potemkin.

Sergei Eisenstein <YFL Other Arts (Film)>

This 62-bar piece opens with the descending chords A-G sharp-C sharp played fortissimo. It originally appeared as the second piece in its composer's Morceaux de fantaisie, and it gained the popular nickname "The Bells of Moscow" .

Sergei Rachmaninoff's Prelude in C-sharp minor [or Rachmaninoff's Opus 3, No. 2]

Perhaps the most famous work based on Paganini's twenty-fourth caprice is this Russian composer's Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini. As a virtuoso pianist with huge hands, he also wrote Prelude in C-sharp minor.

Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff

The aforementioned genre paintings belong to Velázquez's early period in this city, where he was born. In another painting from the same period, a waterseller in this city gives a glass of water with a fig in it to a boy.

Seville [or Sevilla]

This Wagner piece for chamber orchestra is named after his son and was written as a birthday present for his wife Cosima. A theme from this piece would later become the Brünnhilde-sung passage "Ewig war ich"["AY-vig varr ish" ] in the Ring Cycle.

Siegfried Idyll <YFL Music and Opera>

The oboe quotes the lullaby "Sleep, Little Child, Sleep" in this work, which was composed by Wagner as a birthday gift for his wife. It partly shares its title with a work from the Ring Cycle.

Siegfried Idyll [do NOT prompt on partial answer]

In his book Rembrandt's Eyes, this historian suggested that Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer actually depicts a painter, not Aristotle. He presented the BBC documentary series Power of Art.

Simon (Michael) Schama <WN, Painting>

Name this architect of St. Paul's Cathedral.

Sir Christopher Wren

This English composer wrote some Improvisations on an Impromptu of Benjamin Britten. He also wrote the ballet Façade and the cantata Belshazzar's Feast.

Sir William Turner Walton

This Br ncuși sculpture depicts a head on its side and was modeled after Baroness Renée-Irana Frachon.

Sleeping Muse [or La Muse Endormie; accept The Sleeping Muse] <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

Name this contemporary Russian composer of Canticle of the Sun and the hybrid violin concerto Offertorium.

Sofia Gubaidulina ("suh-FEE-yuh goo-bye-DOO-lin-uh" )

Manuel de Falla is a composer from this country whose musical traditions include zarzuela and flamenco.

Spain [accept España]

Name this country home to a curvaceous titanium and glass art museum. Right outside that museum in this country stands a massive sculpture of a dog made of flowers, Jeff Koons's Puppy.

Spain [or España]

Name this 1727 sacred oratorio whose narrative is taken from its namesake's gospel.

St Matthew Passion [or St Matthew's Passion; or Matthaus-Passion]

In a Dürer painting of this title, the central figure looks up from an open book and points at a skull. A Dürer engraving of this title features a lion and a dog sleeping in the foreground while the title saint works at a table.

St. Jerome in his Study [or Der heilige Hieronymus im Gehäus]

Steen co-founded a guild dedicated to this saint in Leiden. The many guilds dedicated to this patron saint of artists provided training for a fee and tried to keep prices high by restricting the production and sale of art.

St. Luke [or St. Lucas] <JK Painting and Sculpture>

Felix Mendelssohn led the Bach revival with a performance of this Bach oratorio. This work is divided into two parts to be performed before and after the Good Friday service, and in it Jesus's words are underlain by a halo effect.

St. Matthew's Passion [or Matthäus-Passion]

Name this building home to a sculpted bronze canopy with helical solomonic columns, its baldacchino ["ball-da-KEE-no" ].

St. Peter's Basilica [or Basilica Sancti Petri]

Bernini designed this ornate canopy to stand over St. Peter's tomb. Its twisted Solomonic columns perfectly frame the Bernini-designed "Cathedra Petri."

St. Peter's baldachin [or St. Peter's baldacchino]

Three paintings by Mantegna depicts this martyr from Avla tied to a column and with tens of arrows sticking through his body as two men.

St. Sebastian

Both The School of Athens and the Disputation of the Sacrament are located in this room in the Apostolic Palace. This first of the four "Raphael"rooms also includes his Parnassus.

Stanza della Segnatura or the Room of the Segnatura

Name this Broadway composer and lyricist of Into the Woods, Company and Sweeney Todd.

Stephen Sondheim [or Stephen Joshua Sondheim]

Name this huge relief sculpture outside of Atlanta, Georgia that depicts the Confederate icons Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, and Stonewall Jackson riding horses.

Stone Mountain

Identify this last name shared by the unrelated composers Richard, who included the "Dance of the Seven Veils" in his opera Salome, and Johann, who was known as "The Waltz King,"

Strauss

Learning pieces by heart is a core component of this Japanese music curriculum, which traditionally begins with the student learning pieces by ear.

Suzuki Method

Name this work by Paul Hindemith based on melodies from the namesake composer's piano duets and incidental music for Turandot. The end of its Andantino third movement features a difficult flute solo.

Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber [be generous about prepositions]

A tuba is typically used to replace the ophicleide when performing this symphony, which depicts an opium-addled artist's execution for murdering his beloved during the "March to the Scaffold"movement.

Symphonie Fantastique [or Fantastic Symphony]

This Berlioz composition depicts unrequited love with a recurring idée fixe melody that appears for the final time in the closing "Dream of a Witches' Sabbath" movement.

Symphonie fantastique

Name this D major symphony begun in Rapallo, Italy and premiered in 1902. Its three-note rising theme is first presented as a series of slurred tenuto quarter-notes in the strings at the outset of its 6/4 ("six" -" four" ) first movement.

Symphony No. 2 by Jean Sibelius [or Sibelius's Second Symphony]

Variations on a theme of "The Creatures of Prometheus"appear in the finale of this Beethoven symphony, whose second movement contains a notable "Funeral March."Beethoven scratched out this symphony's dedication to Napoleon after Napoleon's coronation.

Symphony No. 3 [or the "Eroica"Symphony] <EX, Music>

The symphony of this number by Mahler is the longest symphony in the standard repertoire, at over ninety minutes in length. The symphony of this number by Beethoven is called Eroica.

Symphony No. 3 [or third symphony]

This final Tchaikovsky symphony in B minor includes an unusually slow finale movement. Tchaikovsky dedicated this symphony to his nephew, whom Tchaikovsky was allegedly infatuated with.

Symphony No. 6 in B minor Pathétique, Op. 74 [accept any underlined part.]

The main theme of this Sibelius orchestral work is named for Aino, his wife. This piece was premiered as a "symphonic fantasy"due to its irregular one-movement form.

Symphony No. 7 in C major [prompt on "Symphony in C major" ]

This Beethoven symphony replaces the typically slow second movement with an allegretto scherzando [scared-SAHN-doh] that was initially thought to parody the metronome. Its third movement is a minuet.

Symphony No. 8

This Mahler symphony in E-flat major is notable for its unusual two-movement structure: the first is a setting of a ninth-century Latin hymn, and the second is a setting of the ending of Goethe's Faust.

Symphony No. 8 [or Symphony of a Thousand]

Bruckner died before he completed the last movement of his symphony of this number. Dvořák's symphony of this allegedly cursed number is commonly known as the New World Symphony.

Symphony No. 9 [or Ninth symphony]

Name this city home to three sculptures honoring its country's World War I heroes, including twelve hourglass-shaped chairs placed around a round table and 17 rhombus-like modules stacked on top of one another.

T rgu Jiu ["TER-goo jee-oo" ]

Name this residence that Carlton set on fire in August 1914. Among the dead included Mamah Borthwick, the mistress of this residence's owner.

Taliesin [or Taliesin East, do not accept "Taliesin West" ]

Agnes Martin, who made numerous grid-based paintings, finished out her life at this New Mexico art colony where Mabel Dodge Luhan's Big House was the center of artistic activity.

Taos <JG, Painting>

Turner's bequest after his death is the largest ever donation of artworks to the UK National Gallery. Most of the collection is now displayed in the Clore Gallery, a wing of one of this family of four British art galleries.

Tate [the Clore Gallery is in Tate Britain; also accept Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool or Tate St Ives]

Knowing he would soon die, Bruckner suggested using his setting of this hymn as the finale of his ninth symphony. This hymn, attributed to St. Ambrose, opens with "We praise thee, O God."

Te Deum [or A Song of the Church]

A book about a Kahn-designed museum building in this state that consists of 16 parallel vaults is titled Light is the Theme. A building in this state that houses 14 Rothko canvases is shaped like an octagon inscribed in a Greek cross.

Texas

Bouguereau and Alexandre Cabanel painted famous depictions of this event, the former of which features two centaurs blowing conch shells. The central figure stands on a scallop shell in a version of this scene by Botticelli.

The Birth of Venus [or Naissance de Venus; or Nascita di Venere; or Venus Anadyomene]

Hans Richter was inspired by two major German expressionist movements, including this one that was named for a Wassily Kandinsky painting.

The Blue Rider [or Der Blaue Reiter]

As a member of the Rough Riders, Norton honored Theodore Roosevelt by presenting him with a small copy of this statue, which the artist based on an illustration of a western scene he had done in 1892 for Harper's Weekly.

The Bronco Buster [or The Broncho Buster] [by Frederic Remington] <Hart>

Name this painting, which depicts a dead Spanish nobleman of the title town. The upper portion of this painting features angels surrounding Jesus, Mary, and John the Baptist in Paradise.

The Burial of the Count of Orgaz [or El entierro del senor de Orgaz; or El entierro del Conde Orgaz; accept any other reasonable equivalents]

That quotation of Danse macabre appears in the "Fossils"movement of this suite, which uses a solo cello to depict "The Swan."

The Carnival of the Animals [or Le carnaval des animaux]

Name this set of twelve violin concertos, published as its composer's Opus 8. It includes two concertos nicknamed "The Storm at Sea"and "The Hunt."

The Contest Between Harmony and Invention [or Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione]

Haydn also wrote this more popular three-part oratorio on a religious theme, whose opening "Representation of Chaos"avoids clear cadences. In it, the origin of light is represented by a pizzicato note followed by a fortissimo C major chord.

The Creation [or Die Schöpfung] <Kothari>

Name this opera about the hijacking of the Achille Lauro by the Palestinian Liberation Front. Its performances are often protested by wealthy Zionists.

The Death of Klinghoffer

This other work by Delacroix shows concubines being murdered and possessions destroyed as the title Assyrian king reclines on a bed.

The Death of Sardanapalus [La Mort de Sardanapale]

Name this sculpture that sits in the Cornaro Chapel in Rome's Santa Maria della Vittoria. It shows an angel pointing an arrow towards the central Discalced Carmelite nun.

The Ecstasy of St. Theresa

A photograph of Arbus was included in this 1955 MOMA exhibition curated by Edward Steichen. It was intended to be an example of cultural diplomacy that depicted the commonalities of people around the world.

The Family of Man <Cheyne>

This Turner painting inspired the aforementioned Twombly drawings. This painting shows the shining title ship being towed into harbor by a heavily contrasting dark steam-powered tug.

The Fighting Temeraire

Name this 1839 painting that depicts the title ship being dragged to be broken up at sunset by a tugboat emitting black smoke.

The Fighting Temeraire tugged to her last berth to be broken up

The first collaboration between Sergei Diaghilev and the composer of Pulcinella was this 1910 ballet, whose protagonist Prince Ivan was originally played by choreographer Michel Fokine. The title character bewitches the servants of Koschei the Immortal, forcing them to perform an "Infernal Dance" .

The Firebird [or L'Oiseau de feu; or Zhar-ptitsa]

Name this group of 19th-century composers based in St. Petersburg. This group, whose members included Mily Balakirev and Alexander Borodin, sought to create a distinctly Russian style of art music.

The Five [or the Mighty Handful; or ÐœÐ¾Ð³ÑƒÑ‡Ð°Ñ ÐºÑƒÑ‡ÐºÐ° (Moguchaya Kuchka)]

The first four concertos of The Contest Between Harmony and Invention are collectively known by this name. In the first of these concertos, the violas imitate a barking dog in the second movement.

The Four Seasons [or Le Quattro Stagioni]

Vivaldi's collection The Contest Between Harmony and Invention includes this set of four violin concertos about the divisions of the year.

The Four Seasons [or Le quattro stagioni]

Name this triptych, the central panel of which features many naked humans cavorting in the title idyllic place amidst large strawberries.

The Garden of Earthly Delights

Barbizon School artist Jean Francois Millet made this painting that shows three women picking up wheat after a harvest.

The Gleaners [or Des Glaneuses]

This sculpture, based on the Venus de Medici, was the masterpiece of Hiram Powers. The chains and the nudity of the female subject caused this work to be controversial at the time of its creation.

The Greek Slave

Identify this painting that depicts a waterspout encroaching on the horizon as a group of goofy-looking sharks swarm a small, broken-masted boat, on which lies a seemingly-uninterested, shirtless black man.

The Gulf Stream

Vermeer's Girl With a Pearl Earring and View of Delft are displayed in the Mauritshuis ["morr-itz-house" ] gallery in this Dutch city. That gallery in this city also features Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp.

The Hague [or 's-Gravenhage or Den Haag or La Haye]

Inspired by the same voyage that produced his Scottish Symphony, this concert overture by Mendelssohn depicts the undulating waves of the ocean at the title location.

The Hebrides [or Fingal's Cave; or Die Hebriden; or Die Fingalshöhle]

Matisse included a variation on the circle of figures from his painting La Danse in the background of this large 1906 painting, that also shows nudes embracing, laying on the yellow grass, and playing pipes.

The Joy of Life [or Le bonheur de vivre]

This fresco covers the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel, and illustrates the Second Coming of Christ. Daniele da Volterra was commissioned to paint over genitalia in this fresco.

The Last Judgment

Name this fresco located on a wall in the Sistine Chapel that depicts Christ's second coming.

The Last Judgment [or Il Giudizio Universale]

Biagio da Cesena ("BYAH-jo dah chay-ZEN-ah" ) criticized the nude figures in this Michelangelo painting. This painting and Titian's version of the same scene both influenced Tintoretto's version in the Madonna dell'Orto church.

The Last Judgment [or Il Giudizio Universale] <WN, Painting>

Warhol's last artwork consisted of sixty silkscreen prints of this scene, which also makes up his painting The Big C. A dodecahedron appears in a version of this scene in the National Gallery of Art.

The Last Supper [accept Sixty Last Suppers; accept The Sacrament of the Last Supper (by Salvador Dalí)] <RY, OVisArt>

Name this painting in which Jesus holds a lantern and prepares to knock on an overgrown door.

The Light of the World

In this Edouard Manet painting, two clothed men and a nude woman have a picnic while a woman bends over in a stream in the background. It famously received mixed reviews when shown at the Salon des Refusés.

The Luncheon on the Grass [or The Picnic; or Le Dejeuner Sur L'Herbe; or The Bath; or Le Bain]

Name this opera in which attendants of the Queen of the Night give Tamino the titular object.

The Magic Flute [or Die Zauberflote]

Name this 1548 painting in which St. Mark swoops dramatically out of the sky in order to protect the nude central figure from being martyred by the onlooking crowd.

The Miracle of the Slave [prompt on "The Miracle of St. Mark" ]

This Botticelli work is the only one he ever signed. In this painting, supposedly based on a sermon by Savonarola, a slumped-over Joseph is next to a crying and unclothed baby Christ.

The Mystical Nativity [accept The Mystic Nativity]

Name this painting that includes four hanging lamps and a green billiard table in its center.

The Night Cafe [or Le cafe de nuit]

This Rembrandt painting has survived knife slashings and acid splashings during its time at the Rijksmuseum. It depicts the shooting company of Frans Banning Cocq.

The Night Watch <EX, Painting>

A famous passage from the Futurist manifesto states that cars are "more beautiful than"this specific sculpture found at the Louvre.

The Nike of Samothrace [or Winged Victory of Samothrace] <EX, Painting>

Name this circa-1800 portrait of a reclining woman with her hands behind her head who gazes directly at the viewer. It sparked controversy for, among other things, its unashamed depiction of its subject's pubic hair.

The Nude Maja [or La maja desnuda; accept other translational equivalents like "The Naked Maja" ]

Another pink-robed man swooping down from the sky appears in this Tintoretto painting, though this time his goal is to pull the infant Heracles away from the breast of Hera.

The Origin of the Milky Way

Identify this large canvas in which George Sand, Charles Baudelaire, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, and others stand around while the central figure works on a landscape.

The Painter's Studio: A Real Allegory of a Seven Year Phase in my Artistic and Moral Life [or The Artist's Studio; or L'Atelier du peintre]

Name this opera which ends with Herman committing suicide after the ace fails to appear in a game of faro.

The Queen of Spades [or Pikovaya Dama; or Pique Dame]

This Titian painting can be seen at the back of Diego Velázquez's Las Hilanderas. This painting shows a woman waving a pink garment in the air while clinging onto the horn of a cow in the water.

The Rape of Europa [or The Abduction of Europa] <EX, Painting>

Name this work in which Wu Qinghua joins the titular group and kills the evil Nan Batian.

The Red Detachment of Women [or Hongse niangzijun]

Raphael's Masterpiece is this work currently held in the Vatican's Apostolic Palace. Figures in this work include Plato, Aristotle, and a self portrait that Raphael inserted.

The School of Athens

Name this secular four-part oratorio about the peasants Simon, Hanne, and Lukas, based on a James Thomson poem. It also contains a really weird ode to the virtues of toil.

The Seasons [or Die Jahreszeiten]

Goya depicted himself asleep on a desk surrounded by bats and owls in this etching from his series Los Caprichos.

The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters [or El sueño de la razón produce monstruos] <WN, Painting>

This Jean-Léon Gérôme painting, which is on the original cover of Edward Said's Orientalism, shows a nude woman with her back to the viewer holding an animal, with a blue wall forming the background.

The Snake Charmer <WA, Painting>

This late Mahler work, which is not a numbered symphony, set six Tang dynasty poems for a tenor and an alto. The horns play an ape-call motif at the beginning of its first movement, "The Drinking Song of Earth's Misery."

The Song of the Earth [or Das Lied von der Erde]

This Frida Kahlo painting depicts the title character falling through clouds and also lying on the ground surrounded by blood with a skyscraper in the background.

The Suicide of Dorothy Hale

Name this painting of six naked men and a dog who surround a rocky outcropping at a small manmade lake.

The Swimming Hole [or Swimming or The Old Swimming Hole]

Name this Rococo painting whose central figure is playfully kicking off her shoe towards a statue of Cupid.

The Swing (accept The Happy Accidents of the Swing; or Les Hasards heureux de l'escarpolette)

Carrington's version of this scene represents the central man as very old and having three heads and an eggshell-like hood. Salvador Dalí's painting of this scene shows a procession of a horse and five elephants with stilt-like legs.

The Temptation of St. Anthony <Hart>

Name this Carol Reed-directed film noir in which Holly Martins investigates the death of his friend Harry Lime in postwar Vienna. It is notable for its large number of tilted "Dutch angle"shots.

The Third Man

This Masaccio painting in the Brancacci Chapel helped develop linear perspective. Jesus and the tax collector are large in the foreground, while Peter appears small in the middleground as he kneels by a riverbank.

The Tribute Money

This J. S. Bach collection spans two books and consists of 24 pairs of preludes and fugues, one pair in each major and minor key, arranged chromatically. This collection is named for a tuning system.

The Well-Tempered Clavier [or Das Wholtemperierte Klavier]

This painting by Eugène Delacroix shows a trio of figures sitting around a hookah with a black servant woman attending to them at right.

The Women of Algiers in their Apartment

Name this French artist who depicted the aftermath of a shipwreck off the west coast of Africa in his Raft of the Medusa.

Theodore Gericault

Scott Joplin also composed the now lost opera A Guest of Honor, which centers on these two men and their 1901 dinner at the White House.

Theodore Roosevelt and Booker T. Washington [both required]

Gericault showed four jockeys riding horses that somehow have all of their feet in the air at once in this 1821 painting.

This Catalan architect of the Park Güell (gwell) and the Casa Milà designed the Sagrada Familia.

Name this contemporary British composer, whose opera Powder Her Face contains a notorious musical depiction of fellatio. His other works include America: A Prophecy.

Thomas Adès [ADD-iss]

This American realist painted a scene on the Schuylkill River in Max Schmitt in a Single Scull. Franklin West is shown taking notes as the title professor lectures at Jefferson Medical College in another of his paintings.

Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins

This American painter, whose water-based works include a depiction of rowers on the Schuylkill River entitled Max Schmitt in a Single Scull, painted The Swimming Hole.

Thomas Eakins [or Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins]

Name this composer of Spem in alium. Another of his themes was turned into a fantasia by Ralph Vaughan Williams.

Thomas Tallis

This English Renaissance composer wrote the Phrygian tune "Why Fum'th (FUME-eth) in Fight."William Byrd wrote the musical elegy Ye Sacred Muses in honor of this composer of Spem in alium.

Thomas Tallis

Delacroix was one of this French painter's contemporaries. This artist's portrayals of soldiers include his Wounded Cuirassier and Charging Chasseur.

Théodore Géricault [or Jean-Louis André Théodore Géricault]

Name this 1959 jazz album that opens with "Blue Rondo a la Turk"and includes "Take Five" . Its theme is the recurring use of unusual signatures, like 9/8 and 5/4.

Time Out

Name this 1938 painting whose sparse details include a mirror, two candlesticks, and a clock showing 12:43 atop a fireplace mantel..

Time Transfixed [or La Duree Poignardee]

Name this painting in which a small black clock and two candlesticks stand on a mantle piece below which a locomotive emerges from a fireplace.

Time Transfixed [or La durée poignardée]

This artist supposedly placed the inscription "Michelangelo's design and Titian's color"in his studio. Michelangelo's influence can be seen in a painting by this artist in which a nude man lies on the ground amidst shattered instruments of torture.

Tintoretto [or Jacopo Comin or Jacopo Robusti] (The painting is The Miracle of the Slave.)

The Miracle of the Slave was part of a series of paintings of St. Mark created by this Venetian Mannerist, whose late works included a famous diagonally-oriented depiction of The Last Supper.

Tintoretto [or Jacopo Comin; or Jacopo Robusti]

Gods picnic on the grass as Priapus tries to rape Lotis in Giovanni Bellini's The Feast of the Gods, a painting whose landscapes were painted by this man. This Venetian artist drew on his teacher Giorgione's Sleeping Venus for his own painting of a nude woman.

Titian [or Tiziano; or Tiziano Vecelli; or Tiziano Vecello] <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

A giant Ionic column sticks out of the roof of this city's M2 building. This city home to the neofuturistic Skytree tower was the site of a Maya Revival hotel designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.

Tokyo

Wright constructed an Imperial Hotel in this city that was built to withstand an earthquake; the year that the Imperial Hotel opened, it withstood a major earthquake that devastated this city around it.

Tokyo City [or Tōkyō-shi; or Tokyo Metropolis; or Tōkyō-to]

El Greco painted The Burial of the Count of Orgaz after moving to this Spanish city, where he lived until his death. He painted a landscape of this city showing its buildings under a dark, stormy sky.

Toledo

In this other verismo opera by Giacomo Puccini, Baron Scarpia executes Cavaradossi despite his promise to the title character, who throws herself off a tower to her death.

Tosca

This actor played the bandit Tajomaru in Rashomon. Although Kurosawa admired this man's acting ability, they had a fall-out near the end of their careers, which led to this man not appearing in any of Kurosawa's final films.

Toshiro Mifune

Statues of Napoleon top the Vendome Column and the Column of the Grande Armee, both of which were modeled on this Roman monument, which was built to celebrate its namesake emperor's victories over the Dacians.

Trajan's Column [or the Colonna Traiana]

When King George V died on Hindemith's travels to London, he wrote this piece for viola and orchestra on request and performed it with the BBC orchestra on live broadcast the same day.

Trauermusik <YFL Music and Opera>

Bernini allegedly created this unfinished sculpture to respond to criticism of his unfinished efforts to build two towers for St. Peter's Basilica. A naked woman is holding the sun and has one foot on the earth in this sculpture.

Truth Unveiled by Time <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

Name this opera in which Prince Calaf sings "Nessun Dorma,"which Luciano Pavarotti popularized after a performance at the 1990 World Cup.

Turandot (TUR-in-dot)

This surrealist work by Max Ernst was inspired by a fever dream that he had while sick with measles as a child. In this work, a man holding a child stands on a roof and reaches for a red knob attached to the frame.

Two Children Are Threatened by a Nightingale [or Deux Enfants sont menacés par un rossignol] <YFL, Painting>

Adams and Glass are minimalist composers from this country. A president of this country is the title character of Adams's opera Nixon in China.

United States of America [or America; or U.S.A.]

Borglum's sculpture The Aviator is located on the campus of this university, which is also home to a building designed by Thomas Jefferson called The Rotunda.

University of Virginia

According to Wright, this word encapsulates his vision of what the affordable middle-income residence should embody. A "historic district"in Pleasantville, New York, is also named after this term.

Usonia [or Usonian] <SB, OVisArt>

Name this opera where the title character sings the aria "Do Not Utter a Word"and Erika confesses to the Old Baroness that she had a miscarriage.

Vanessa

Both the Dogmatic Sarcophagus and the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus are currently found in St. Peter's Basilica in this nation, where Bernini created two half-circle colonnades for St. Peter's Square.

Vatican City [or Holy See; do not accept "Italy" ]

Name this city whose Musikverein hall is also home to the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde, as well as a notoriously sexist and racist orchestra often praised for its warm sound.

Vienna [or Wien]

Gauguin shared the so-called Yellow House in Arles with this artist for nine weeks. This artist made a pair of portraits of Dr. Gachet and painted a view from the village of Saint-Rémy in Starry Night.

Vincent Willem van Gogh

The Night Cafe is by this Dutch post-impressionist, who also painted The Starry Night.

Vincent van Gogh

This 20th-century painter showed a dead body smoking in his Skull of as Skeleton with a Burning Cigarette.

Vincent van Gogh [or Vincent Willem van Gogh] <Hart>

Philip Johnson used absurdly-long white columns in his design for the Town Hall of a community founded by this man. A building named for this man created hotspots on nearby sidewalks until the concave walls of its Founder's Room were resurfaced.

Walt Disney <JB Other Arts (Architecture)>

Donizetti's opera Lucia di Lammermoor is based on the novel The Bride of Lammermoor by this Scottish novelist, who also provided the basis for the Arthur Sullivan opera Ivanhoe.

Walter Scott

In 2017, Lego brick portraits of dissidents by Chinese artist Ai Weiwei were displayed on the floor of this city's Hirshhorn Museum. This city is home to the Phillips Collection and a gallery whose East Building was designed by I. M. Pei.

Washington, D.C. [or District of Columbia]

Name this musical. This adaption of Romeo and Juliet with music by Leonard Bernstein depicts a feud between the Jets and the Sharks in New York City.

West Side Story

On his album Historicity, Iyer covered "Somewhere" , a song from this musical that begins with a rising major seventh. This musical's song "Maria"is unusually in the Lydian mode.

West Side Story

Sondheim wrote the lyrics to this Leonard Bernstein-composed musical. Tony and Maria love each other despite being on different side of a feud between the Sharks and the Jets in this adaptation of Romeo and Juliet.

West Side Story

This biographically inspired painting by Kahlo depicts a dress, a seashell with bullet holes and various nude figures floating in a bathtub. A pair of feet with wounds to the right foot can be seen in the upper part of the painting.

What the Water Gave Me [or Lo que el agua me dio]

This Gauguin masterpiece has its French title inscribed into the top left corner. This painting is meant to be read from right to left to show depictions of childhood, adulthood, and old age.

Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? [or D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous]

This composer's Das Rheingold opens his Ring Cycle. This composer's Tristan und Isolde is known for its opening dissonant chord known as the "Tristan Chord."

Wilhelm Richard Wagner

Tallis was Catholic, as was this student with whom Tallis wrote the Cantiones Sacrae. This composer also wrote a collection of keyboard music called My Ladye Nevell's Booke.

William Byrd

"This other jazz pianist was riffing on Leonard Bernstein's "Some Other Time"when he began improvising over the one-bar C major ostinato of his "Peace Piece" . This pianist on Kind of Blue also wrote "Waltz for Debby" .

William John "Bill"Evans [do not accept "Gil Evans" ] <Kothari>

Name this headless statue of a Greek Goddess that is prominently displayed at the Louvre.

Winged Victory of Samothrace [or Winged Nike of Samothrace; prompt on partial answers]

The Gulf Stream is among the most famous works of this New England-born artist of Breezing Up.

Winslow Homer

This artist of Breezing Up also painted Snap the Whip and showed a lone black sailor surrounded by sharks in The Gulf Stream.

Winslow Homer

A man hearing the sound of a posthorn is the subject of the thirteenth entry in this Franz Schubert song cycle that ends with "The Hurdy-Gurdy Man" . Like Schubert's Die schöne Müllerin (dee SHOO-nuh MOO-ler-IN), it was based on poems by Wilhelm Müller.

Winterreise [or Winter Journey] <Carson>

Johann Christian Bach wrote a set of six Opus 5 keyboard sonatas, which this other composer arranged into keyboard concertos. This composer wrote later piano concertos nicknamed "Jeunehomme"(ZHUN-ohm) and "Coronation."

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

The Magic Flute was composed by this man, whose other operas include Don Giovanni.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

This composer wrote a clarinet concerto for Anton Stadler, as well as serenades such as Eine Kleine Nachtmusik.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

A posthorn plays a solo in the second trio of the second minuet of this Austrian composer's ninth serenade, which is fittingly enough nicknamed "The Posthorn" . This former child prodigy's thirteenth serenade is known as "Eine Kleine Nachtmusik" .

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart [or Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart]

Cosi fan tutte was created by this Austrian composer and the librettist Lorenzo Da Ponte, who also collaborated with this man on The Marriage of Figaro.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart [or Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart]

In this composer's opera The Abduction from the Seraglio, Belmonte rescues his wife Konstanze from the harem of Pasha Selim. This composer also wrote the operas Idomeneo and Così fan Tutte.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart [or Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart]

Name this building complex, designed by Minoru Yamasaki in the New Formalist style. Another building at this sight was designed by David Childs and Daniel Libeskind.

World Trade Center [accept One World Trade Center; do NOT accept " the Twin Towers" ]

Edward Steichen helped the Navy produce The Fighting Lady, an Oscar-winning documentary about this war. During this war, Ansel Adams documented the Japanese internment camp Manzanar.

World War II [or the Second World War or WW2]

Name this university home to Ingalls Rink, which was designed by Eero Saarinen ("arrow SAH-ree-nen" ) and is nicknamed "The Whale"because of its shape.

Yale University

More recently, Louis Vuitton released a collection in collaboration with this Japanese artist known for her brightly-colored polka dots, which she calls Infinity Nets.

Yayoi Kusama <JK Other FA>

This Japanese artist has created various installations consisting of rooms with complex setups of mirrors titled Mirror/Infinity. This artist is also known for her works that consist of objects such as pumpkins covered in polka dots.

Yayoi Kusama <YFL, Other Arts - Misc Visual>

Cimbaloms are common in klezmer bands, which usually sing songs in this German-derived language spoken by many Ashkenazi Jews.

Yiddish

Name this Chinese-American cellist who performed at Barack Obama's first inauguration.

Yo-Yo Ma

This Chinese-American cellist and founder of the Silk Road Ensemble was gifted Jacqueline du Pre's Davidov Stradivarius upon her death.

Yo-Yo Ma

One of the women Leibovitz depicted was this artist of Cut Piece, who lay in bed with her husband John Lennon in a piece of performance art to protest the Vietnam War.

Yoko Ono [accept either underlined portion]

Name this piece whose fast final section includes many declarations of "Amen, amen, allelujah, allelujah, amen." Its 3/4-time middle section repeats the word "rejoice"many times.

Zadok the Priest (by George Frideric Handel)

Corelli's Opus 5 sonatas were published in the last year of this century, which is when Baroque music developed. Bach, Handel, and Scarlatti were born in the same year during this century.

17th century [or 1600s] (Those composers were born in 1685.) <AWD, Music>

This Tchaikovsky piece memorializes Napoleon's invasion of Russia with quotations of "La Marseillaise"and "God Save the Tsar,"and calls for several live cannon shots.

1812 Overture [or The Year 1812; or 1812 God]

It arose midway through this century during which Mozart and Haydn mostly lived and composed.

18th century [or 1700s; or obvious equivalents]

Another song from Time Out is "Blue Rondo a la Turk,"which has this time signature. The opening flute solo from Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun also has this unusual time signature.

9/8

Mozart's Clarinet Concerto is in this note's major key and is played on a clarinet pitched in this note's key. The Aeolian ["ay-OH-lee-in" ] mode starting on this note has no sharps or flats.

A <YFL Music and Opera>

Name this painting whose central figure is leaning on a counter lined with a bowl of oranges and bottles of Bass Pale Ale.

A Bar at the Folies-Bergère ["FOH-lee-ay bear-JER" ] [or Un bar aux Folies Bergère]

British bass Peter Rose is apparently most famous for his performance in this Benjamin Britten opera based on a Shakespeare play. Rose sang the role of Bottom, who becomes the object of Titania's affections in a prank played by Puck.

A Midsummer Night's Dream

Mendelssohn included a recessional "Wedding March" in his incidental music to this play by William Shakespeare.

A Midsummer Night's Dream

Fanfare for the Common Man was written by this American composer who incorporated the Shaker tune "Simple Gifts"into his Appalachian Spring.

Aaron Copland

The composer of Sinfonia India, Carlos Chávez, took this American composer to a club called El Salón México, which he used as the title for a piece. He wrote Quiet City and a ballet with sections like "Corral Nocturne"and "Saturday Night Waltz."

Aaron Copland

This other American composer quoted his own Fanfare for the Common Man towards the end of his Symphony No. 3, and wrote the ballets Rodeo and Appalachian Spring.

Aaron Copland

This composer's Symphony No. 3, as well as Fanfare for the Common Man, are written in his typical "Americana"style. He also composed the ballets Appalachian Spring and Billy the Kid.

Aaron Copland (the symphonies in the first part are all by Aaron Copland)

Name this composer who would later write Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun and Clair de Lune.

Achille-Claude Debussy

This F major movement of a Mahler composition, scored for strings and harp, served as something like a love letter to Mahler's wife Alma. Leonard Bernstein conducted it at Robert Kennedy's funeral.

Adagietto from Symphony No. 5 [or the fourth movement from Symphony No. 5; prompt on partial answer]

In addition to those self-portraits, Dürer's many accomplishments include a set of life-size portraits of these two people. Masaccio depicted a sword-wielding angel expelling them from the Garden of Eden.

Adam and Eve

Although he didn't invent the spit valve, this Belgian instrument maker did pioneer the use of valves in brass instruments, creating the ancestor of the modern flugelhorn in the 1830s.

Adolphe Sax [or Antoine-Joseph Sax] (Yes, of saxophone fame.) <JR, Music>

Identify this artistic scene. This Nativity scene often depicts the baby Christ receiving gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.

Adoration of the Magi

Philip Glass pieced together the libretto for this opera from texts in Akkadian, Biblical Hebrew, and Ancient Egyptian, including The Book of the Dead. This opera is part of the Portrait Trilogy.

Akhnaten [or Akhenaten]

This serialist composer quoted J.S. Bach's chorale "Es ist genug" near the end of his violin concerto, whose two movements are further divided into two sections each.

Alban Berg

This Italian-Swiss sculptor made many depictions of elongated figures in his bronze Walking Man series.

Alberto Giacometti

This actual Cuban artist and photographer took the Guerrillero Heroico photo of Che Guevara that has been reprinted endless times on merchandise and T-shirts.

Alberto Korda <EX, Painting>

This member of the Danube school created one of the first pure landscapes in oil, his 1520 Landscape with Footbridge. The contemporaneous "world landscape"style influenced his famous Battle of Alexander at Issus.

Albrecht Altdorfer

Those depictions of St. Jerome were done by this German artist who used a monogram depicting a D under an A to sign his paintings.

Albrecht Durer

This artist's pen-and-ink drawing Praying Hands is an iconic image. He also painted the plant watercolor study Great Piece of Turf.

Albrecht Dürer

Identify this subject of several famous portraits, the most famous of which shows him fingering the thick fur collar on his robe as he looks directly out of the canvas.

Albrecht Dürer [they're all self-portraits]

Rimsky-Korsakov collaborated with this fellow member of the Belyayev Circle to complete Borodin's opera Prince Igor. This composer also completed Borodin's Third Symphony and wrote the ballet Raymonda.

Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov

An étude in D-sharp minor is the final piece in this composer's Op. 8. Late in life, he wrote increasingly dissonant pieces such as Prometheus: The Poem of Fire and The Poem of Ecstasy.

Alexander Scriabin [or Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin]

This Russian composer thankfully never completed his Mysterium, a multimedia work of dance, music, and light, whose performance in the foothills of the Himalayas would have brought about the end of the world, at least according to this composer. His other works include the Poem of Ecstasy and a piano sonata called Black Mass.

Alexander Scriabin [or Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin]

Name this Photo-Secessionist photographer who founded the magazine Camera Work. This artist also took a photograph showing the passengers of the lower decks of the SS Kaiser Wilhelm.

Alfred Stieglitz

This tone poem by Richard Strauss begins with the section "Sunrise," in which the trumpets play ascending C-G-C half notes. More importantly, part of this work was Ric Flair's entrance theme.

Also Sprach Zarathustra or Thus Spoke Zarathustra or Thus Spake Zarathustra

What early 20th century painter is known for the elongated necks he gave many of his female subjects?

Amadeo Modigliani

This painter of Italian-Jewish origins lived in the Le Bateau-Lavoir commune in Montmartre. He painted many thin-faced women, many of them reclining nudes, before dying of tubercular meningitis at age 35.

Amedeo Modigliani [or Amedeo Clemente Modigliani]

Name this painting that won a bronze medal and a $300 cash prize when it was entered into a competition in 1930. The woman in this painting wears a cameo brooch.

American Gothic

Name these objects that are shown crowding together in The Avenue in the Rain.

American flags

This artist painted that foreshortened Lamentation of Christ. He also employed the technique of di sotto in sù for the ceiling of the Camera degli Sposi in the Ducal Palace of Mantua.

Andrea Mantegna ["man-TEN-ya" ]

Name this artist, whose wife Lucrezia modeled for a painting of Mary standing on a pedestal decorated by the title monsters entitled Madonna of the Harpies.

Andrea del Sarto [accept either; or Andrea d'Agnolo]

Name this artist of The Madonna of the Harpies, whose surname indicates that he was a tailor's son.

Andrea del Sarto [prompt on Andrea]

This Soviet filmmaker's film Stalker is based on the novel Roadside Picnic and depicts the title character's journey with two clients to the "Zone."This filmmaker is also known for Solaris and Andrei Rublev.

Andrei Tarkovsky

Name this director who would later be shot by one of his actors, Valerie Solanas. His other art films include Sleep and Empire, which is a silent eight-hour long shot of the Empire State Building.

Andy Warhol [Andrew Warhola]

Sturtevant produced some Flowers prints using the original silkscreens of this Pop artist; Sturtevant also copied this man's Marilyn Monroe prints.

Andy Warhol [or Andrew Warhola]

Name this piece that depicts an Arabian princess seducing the main character. This piece is the third movement of a suite that draws from some incidental music by the same composer.

Anitra's Dance [or Anitras Dans]

Name this contemporary portrait photographer, who chose to focus less on models and sexuality and used subjects such as Serena Williams and Amy Schumer for the 2016 Pirelli Calendar.

Annie Leibovitz [or Anna-Lou Leibovitz]

One section of The Family of Man consisted of photos of folk families interspersed with large landscapes, including this man's Mount Williamson. This photographer is best known for his landscape photos of Yosemite.

Ansel Adams <YFL, Other Arts - Photography>

Materials such as charred wood, burnt books, and ash often appear in the work of this German artist, who drew on the imagery of Paul Célan's poetry and the memory of the Holocaust for works such as Margarethe ["mar-gah-RAY-tuh" ].

Anselm Kiefer <JB Painting and Sculpture>

After meeting Napoleon's wife Josephine in Genoa, this painter depicted Napoleonic battles such as Eylau, Aboukir, and the Pyramids. He also painted portraits of Napoleon holding a tricoleur on the Arcole Bridge, and visiting the plague house at Jaffa.

Antoine-Jean Gros [or Jean-Antoine Gros]

Gubaidulina's Offertorium draws on an orchestration from Bach's Musical Offering by this composer who, like, Alban Berg ("ALL-bahn BAIRG" ), studied under Arnold Schoenberg. His very short, sparse pieces include his Bagatelles for string quartet.

Anton (Friedrich Wilhelm von) Webern <JR, Music>

Name this 19th century Austrian composer who frequently revised his work, leading to contradictions between different versions of his symphonies. His third and fourth symphonies are the "Wagner"and the Romantic.

Anton Bruckner

Name this composer, who edited his Romantic Symphony to include a scherzo that depicts a hunting scene.

Anton Bruckner

Name this composer, whose Zeroth Symphony is also called the Study Symphony. Many different versions of his symphonies exist, including many which may be fake, which is known as his namesake "problem."

Anton Bruckner

This Catalan architect of the Park Güell (gwell) and the Casa Milà designed the Sagrada Familia.

Antoni Gaudí i Cornet

When planning the new World Trade Center, officials considered the blueprints for Hotel Attraction, a planned skyscraper designed almost a century earlier by this man. This architect also designed the Park Guell.

Antoni Gaudí i Cornet

Both the somewhat controversial Pauline Bonaparte as Venus Victrix and the gigantic Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker were sculpted by this Italian Neoclassicist.

Antonio Canova

This composer used rapidly rising and falling scales to depict stormy waves in the first of a set of six flute concerti, La tempesta di mare. He also wrote The Four Seasons.

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi <Kothari>

Name this composer whose most popular setting of the Gloria is the one in D major numbered 589 in the Ryom-Verzeichnis, or RV, catalogue used to record his music.

Antonio Vivaldi

This "Red Priest,"an Italian Baroque composer of hundreds of concertos, wrote The Four Seasons.

Antonio Vivaldi

The viola part in the private premiere of From My Life was played by this other Czech composer, who wrote 16 Slavonic Dances and Symphony No. 9, "From the New World."

Antonín Leopold Dvořák

Protogenes' contemporary and more famous rival was this Ionian, the court painter of Philip II of Macedon. None of his works survived, but one of them depicted Calumny as described by the satirist Lucian.

Apelles

The later 1948 Zhdanov decree denounced both Shostakovich and this composer, whose ballet Gayane includes the "Sabre Dance."

Aram Khachaturian [or Aram Ilyich Khachaturian]

Astor Piazzolla, the preeminent composer of nuevo tango, lived in this modern-day country whose other composers included Alberto Ginastera [hee-nah-STAIR-uh].

Argentina

Name this opera in which, due to time limits, a serious mythological opera must be mashed together with the commedia dell'arte burlesque Faithless Zerbinetta and Her Four Lovers.

Ariadne on Naxos [or Ariadne auf Naxos]

Name this composer of Pierrot ["pye-ROH" ] Lunaire who led the Second Viennese School of music.

Arnold Schoenberg

That composer who didn't like "cello-sentimentality"was this man, whose Chamber Symphony No. 1 was performed at the Skandalkonzert.

Arnold Schoenberg

Grant Wood entered American Gothic into a competition at this art museum on Michigan Avenue in a large Midwestern city, where it is still displayed today.

Art Institute of Chicago [accept AIC; accept answers mentioning both Chicago and Art Institute such as Chicago's Art Institute]

Toulouse-Lautrec's La Goulue is usually identified with this artistic style. This turn of the century "total art style"was used by Hector Guimard for entrances to the Paris Metro.

Art Nouveau

Whitacre's The Seal Lullaby sets a text by Rudyard Kipling, whose poem "The Absent-Minded Beggar"was set by this composer for a Boer War fundraiser. He collaborated with W. S. Gilbert on comic operas like The Mikado and The Pirates of Penzance.

Arthur Seymour Sullivan

Name this Italian conductor known for his forceful, dynamic style and strict tempos. He became a household name as conductor of the NBC Symphony Orchestra from 1937 to 1954.

Arturo Toscanini

This Hudson River School artist depicted Thomas Cole and William Cullen Bryant in his Kindred Spirits. His other works included a depiction of The Catskills and The Capture of Major Andre.

Asher Brown Durand

Correggio used di sotto in sù in a fresco of this scene in which the Virgin Mary is taken up to Heaven.

Assumption of the Virgin [or Assumption of Mary]

Name this painting that depicts Édouard Dujardin and La Macarona seated around a table. The artist of this painting also created a poster for the cabaret where this painting is set.

At the Moulin Rouge [accept Au Moulin Rouge]

One of the world's oldest octagonal buildings is the Tower of the Winds in this city, which also contains the ruins of the Parthenon.

Athens [or Athenai] <WA, OVisArt>

The Peacock Skirt and The Stomach Dance are two black and white illustrations by this Englishman that are found in an 1894 translation of Oscar Wilde's play Salome.

Aubrey Beardsley

This French sculptor intended to include his Fugit Amor among the works that made up his The Gates of Hell, which was also to include his The Thinker.

Auguste Rodin [or François Auguste René Rodin]

Name this mythological figure who, in a Spanish painting, has pale white skin that stands out from the darker men surrounding him.

Bacchus [or Dionysus; accept The Triumph of Bacchus]

Telemann was the godfather of a composer with this last name who succeeded him as Kapellmeister, and who wrote a noted Fantasia in F-sharp minor and Solfeggietto in C minor. That composer was often called the "Hamburg"man of this surname, to distinguish him from the "London"one.

Bach

This other American color-field painter developed vertical stripes of colour called "zips"to define the structure of his paintings. His works include Who's Afraid of Red, Yellow and Blue and Vir heroicus sublimis (VEER "heroic" -us sub-LEEM-us).

Barnett Newman

Gaudi is most famous for his design of this unfinished Barcelona church, estimated to be completed in 2028.

Basílica i Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família [or Basilica and Expiatory Church of the Holy Family]

Má vlast was by this nationalist composer, who depicted his impending deafness with a high harmonic E in his first string quartet, From My Life.

Bedřich Smetana

Name this composer who depicted the title river in Vltava ["vul-TA-va" ], which is the second tone poem in the six-piece cycle Ma vlast.

Bedřich Smetana

The Whitney Museum houses paintings from this social realist's series The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti. His artistic theories appeared in his book The Shape of Content.

Ben Shahn

Powder Her Face is a chamber opera, a term that this other composer applied to his The Rape of Lucretia and his opera in which the words "the ceremony of innocence is drowned"are sung by a spirit haunting Miles and the Governess.

Benjamin Britten (the opera is The Turn of the Screw)

Name this composer whose Four Sea Interludes are popular extracts from his opera about a fisherman who drowns himself after the deaths of two of his apprentices.

Benjamin Britten [or Edward Benjamin Britten]

Francis I commissioned this Italian sculptor to design the Nymph of Fontainebleau for the main entrance. This sculptor also created a bronze Perseus With the Head of Medusa.

Benvenuto Cellini

This musician may have influenced the development of Third Stream with songs like "Chelsea Bridge."He composed a song that says "soon you will be on Sugar Hill in Harlem"called "Take the A Train."

Billy Strayhorn [or William Thomas Strayhorn]

Name this album that also includes "Budo,""Boplicity,""Venus de Milo,"and "Jeru."Miles Davis compiled this album to develop a namesake style of new jazz.

Birth of the Cool

Identify the English title of this film in which Emma and Adele have lots of lesbian sex.

Blue Is the Warmest Color [prompt on "La Vie d'Adele" or "Adele"]

A three-movement neoclassical Stravinsky choral symphony uses passages from this part of a larger work, which are accompanied by a namesake E minor triad voicing.

Book of Psalms [accept Symphony of Psalms; prompt on Bible; do not accept any other Bible book] <EX, Music>

Works formerly hung in this city such as The Concert by Vermeer and Chez Tortoni by Manet were stolen in a 13-work heist from an art museum in this city in 1990. That theft, valued at over 500 million dollars, is the largest private property theft in history.

Boston

Bernstein studied with Serge Koussevitzky, who led this American orchestra for 25 years. Bernstein later taught at Tanglewood, which is the summer home of this orchestra that was once led by Seiji Ozawa.

Boston Symphony Orchestra [or BSO]

A composer with this surname became the first woman to win the Prix de Rome in 1913. Her sister taught many composers, including Virgil Thomson and Philip Glass.

Boulanger [accept Lili Boulanger and Nadia Boulanger]

Joachim and Schumann heavily influenced this 1858 work, the first of Brahms's orchestral works to be performed. Unlike earlier Romantic works of its kind, it attempts to integrate the soloist and the orchestra as equal partners.

Brahms's Piano Concerto No. 1 in D minor

A clarino, or natural trumpet, pitched in F major is used in this specific Brandenburg Concerto by J. S. Bach. The first piece on the Voyager Golden Record is this piece's first movement; it maybe wasn't the best idea to have a blaring trumpet be the first impression that aliens have of earthly music.

Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 <EX, Music>

Another Velazquez painting depicts the Genoese general Ambrogio Spinola being handed the keys to this city, which his army conquered in 1625.

Breda [or The Surrender of Breda]

Name this painting that shows a father sailing with his three boys in a boat named the Gloucester.

Breezing Up: A Fair Wind

This composer included a cimbalom in an arrangement of his Rhapsody No. 1 for violin and orchestra. As a pioneering ethnomusicologist, this frequent user of "night music"collected much music from Eastern Europe, such as that used in his six Romanian Folk Dances.

Béla Bartók <WA, OAudArt>

Schuller's idea of Third Stream music was partially inspired by this Hungarian composer's integration of ethnic folk music with classical. He composed Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta and Duke Bluebeard's Castle.

Béla Viktor János Bartók

Mozart's first piano sonata is written in this characteristically easy major key, which has no sharps or flats.

C major

Chopin used this key, the enharmonic minor of the Minute Waltz's key, for his second Opus 64 waltz and his Fantaisie Impromptu. Rachmaninoff's most frequently performed prelude is in this key.

C-sharp minor [do not accept "C-sharp major" ]

Early on in his career, Gauguin was influenced by this impressionist and student of Camille Corot. He made a series of paintings of Boulevard Montmartre and was the only artist to show at all Impressionist exhibitions.

Camille Pissarro

Samson and Delilah was by this Frenchman, who also composed the tone poem Danse Macabre and the collection The Carnival of the Animals, whose movements depict a swan and tortoises, among others.

Camille Saint-Saens

Warhol's 32 canvases of these food containers are displayed at the MoMA. They include ones labeled "tomato rice,""beef,"and "asparagus."

Campbell's Soup Cans [accept descriptions of cans that contain soup]

Name this country where the artist of The Jack Pine, Tom Thomson, was associated with an art movement called the "Group of Seven."

Canada

Another prominent cornetist was Nat, the brother of this alto saxophonist who recorded "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy" and appeared on Miles Davis's Kind of Blue alongside John Coltrane.

Cannonball Adderley [or Julian Edwin Adderley]

Like Gerard van Honthorst and other painters from Utrecht, La Tour was heavily influenced by the tenebrism seen in The Conversion of Saint Paul and other paintings by this Italian artist.

Caravaggio [or Michelangelo Merisi] <WN, Painting>

This Danish composer's two-movement flute concerto ends with a cheerful march. His Inextinguishable Symphony calls for a "battle"between two sets of timpani placed at opposite ends of the orchestra.

Carl Nielsen [or Carl August Nielsen]

Name this composer of a Solfeggietto ["sole-fed-JET-oh" ] for keyboard who played in the royal orchestra of Frederick the Great.

Carl Philip Emanuel Bach [accept CPE Bach; prompt on Bach]

Name this opera. It was the basis for a virtuoso showpiece for violin and orchestra by Pablo de Sarasate whose fifth movement is based off the aria "Les tringles des sistres taintaient"("lay TRAN-gluh day SEEST-ruh tan-TAY" ) from this opera's second act.

Carmen [accept Carmen Fantasy] (by Georges Bizet)

"Florestan"and "Eusebius"are among the twenty-one movements in this Schumann piano suite which features a recurring A-E flat-C-B motif. It also depicts commedia dell'arte characters at the namesake festival before Lent.

Carnaval

The commedia dell'arte characters Pierrot and Harlequin name two of the pieces in this Schumann collection, which contains many musical motifs representing the letters A-S-C-H.

Carnaval

Arbus' best known photograph may be one featuring a young boy holding a toy hand grenade in this New York city location, a recreational area in Manhattan designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux.

Central Park

The Metropolitan Museum of Art abuts this Frederick Law Olmstead-designed park in New York City.

Central Park

Ives originally paired The Unanswered Question with this dissonant, atmospheric piece that quotes such popular tunes as "Hello! Ma Baby"and "The Washington Post."

Central Park in the Dark

Goya was the court painter to this Spanish king, who reigned from 1788-1808.

Charles IV

A televised series of Bernstein lectures was titled for a composition by this other American composer. Bernstein conducted the world premiere of this composer's Symphony No. 2 three years before this man died in 1954.

Charles Ives (That series of lectures is The Unanswered Question)

Four flutes respond to the solo trumpet's query in The Unanswered Question, a piece by this American composer of Three Places in New England.

Charles Ives [or Charles Edward Ives]

This jazz musician wrote many works arguably in the Third Stream tradition, including the album Jazzical Ballads. This bassist's other albums include Pithecanthropus Erectus and an album called [his name] Ah Um.

Charles Mingus

Dolphy toured Europe extensively with this artist's working band. This jazz bassist created the album The Black Saint and the Sinner Lady and an album that includes the track "Fables of Faubus."

Charles Mingus Jr.

Name this artist of Exhumation of the First Mastodon. A self-portrait shows this artist drawing back a curtain to reveal his eclectic collections and is titled The Artist in his Museum.

Charles Wilson Peale

Name this jazz musician whose standards "Anthropology"and "Scrapple from the Apple"are both based on the chord progressions from George Gershwin's "I Got Rhythm."

Charlie Parker [or Charles Parker, Jr.]

Poland donated a collection of 106 headless, armless, and rusted sculptures titled Agora to this city's Grant Park. This city's Crown Fountain shoots water out of two LED towers that display giant faces.

Chicago, Illinois

A performance of The Red Detachment of Women occurs in the John Adams opera Nixon in [this country]. That opera set in this nation includes characters such as Mao and Zhou Enlai.

China [or the People's Republic of China; or Zhongguo; or Zhonghua]

Two almost-identical looking women sit across from each other and chat in a restaurant in this other Hopper painting.

Chop Suey <EX, Painting>

Dutchwoman Coosje van Bruggen [KOH-shuh fon BRUH-khuh] worked with this Swedish-born husband of hers on giant sculptures such as Lipstick Ascending on Caterpillar Tracks and Spoonbridge and Cherry.

Claes Oldenberg

One of the first pianists to regularly play by heart was this 19th-century virtuoso, who also helped establish the idea of the piano recital as a concert of "great works"instead of bravura showpieces by the composer.

Clara Schumann [or Clara Wieck] <JR, Music>

Sonata form was developed during this musical era, which comprises the late 1700s and early 1800s. Mozart and Haydn's compositions are considered the epitome of this era, which was followed by the Romantic.

Classical period

Those waterlily paintings were done by this French artist. A review of his painting Impression: Sunrise gave its name to the impressionist movement.

Claude Monet

The left hand plays white-key block chords while the left hand plays pentatonic quintuplets in much of "Brouillards"(broo-YAHR), one of this French composer's piano préludes. He also wrote La mer.

Claude-Achille Debussy <Kothari>

This Italian composer set liturgy from Marian feasts in Vespers for the Blessed Virgin. He also wrote some of the oldest operas still performed today, The Coronation of Poppea and L'Orfeo.

Claudio Monteverdi

"Name this American art critic who was an advocate of the abstract expressionism movement and wrote the essay "Avant-Garde and Kitsch" .

Clement Greenberg [accept K. Hardesh]

Name this city home to the St. Theodosius Orthodox Cathedral, the Playhouse Square, and one of the "Big Five" orchestras, along with New York, Chicago, Boston, and Philadelphia.

Cleveland

Fitzgerald released a series of eight albums covering songs from the Great American Songbook that started with an album covering this songwriter's tunes, including "Begin the Beguine ("beg-EEN" )"and "Anything Goes."

Cole Porter

An artist from this country, Nadín Ospina, photographed rifle-toting, camo-clad Lego minifigures for a series titled "[this country] Land."Fernando Botero, an artist from this country, is known for his paintings of cartoonishly chubby human figures.

Colombia

Name this location whose excitement and motion was a common theme for turn-of-the-century American artists. In Annie Hall, Alvy Singer's childhood home was located underneath a ride at this location.

Coney Island [prompt on New York City or NYC]

This Romanian sculptor created the sculptural ensemble at T rgu Jiu. His series Bird in Space was taxed upon arrival in the US, causing legal controversy over what qualifies as art.

Constantin Br ncuși ["brin-KOOSH" ]

The even more controversial Princess X, an extremely phallic depiction of Napoleon's great-grandniece Marie Bonaparte, was created by this Romanian sculptor more famous for The Endless Column and Bird in Space.

Constantin Brancusi

Name this comic opera centering on a wager between Don Alfonso and the soon-to-marry Ferrando and Guglielmo, based on the former's belief that women are incapable of being faithful.

Cosi fan tutte, ossia La scuola degli amanti [or Thus Do They All, or The School for Lovers]

Fresco-covered plaster adorns the Hagia Triada sarcophagus from this island, which depicts funerary customs like animal offerings. Arthur Evans studied the Bull-Leaping Fresco from this island, also home to the Boxer rhyton.

Crete

Gershwin's Cuban Overture was originally named for this Cuban dance, whose most popular form is guaguancó (gwa-gwan-KOH). A ballroom dance with this name is the slowest Latin dance performed in international competitions.

Cuban rumba [accept rhumba]

Léger was a member of the Puteaux Group, also known as the Section d'Or, which was a collective of painters who worked in variants of this style, which was pioneered by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso.

Cubism [accept synthetic cubism or analytic cubism]

Max Weber painted Chinese Restaurant and other works in this artistic style that emphasized three-dimensional perspective. It was divided into "analytic"and "synthetic"branches by Juan Gris, a Spanish practitioner.

Cubism [accept word forms such as Cubist]

Bette Midler notes that Disney almost used a piece from this country titled Schwanda the Bagpiper instead of Shostakovich's Piano Concerto No. 2. A composer from this country wrote the Glagolitic Mass.

Czechoslovakia [accept Czech Republic or Czechia]

This late-19th-century French composer wrote a flute Concertino that's a staple of the instrument's repertoire. She was once known for piano miniatures like La lisonjera and "Scarf Dance."

Cécile Chaminade ("say-SEEL shah-mee-NOD" ) <JR, Music>

Name this Belgian-born pianist and longtime professor at the Paris Conservatoire. His compositions include the Prelude, Chorale and Fugue and a badly-received Symphony in D minor.

César Franck (frahnk) [or César-Auguste-Jean-Guillaume-Hubert Franck]

Name this Belgian-born French composer of the symphonic poem Le chasseur maudit. His students at the Paris Conservatoire included Henri Duparc, Ernest Chausson, and Vincent D'Indy.

César Franck [or César-Auguste-Jean-Guillaume-Hubert Franck]

This other Belgian composer wrote his cyclic form Violin Sonata in A as a wedding present for Ysaÿe. This composer of a Symphony in D minor set "Panis angelicus"for tenor voice in his mass.

César-Auguste-Jean-Guillaume-Hubert Franck

Name this British artist who used tanks of formaldehyde to preserve animals for works such as Mother and Child, Divided and The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living.

Damien Hirst

Two Titian paintings showing this mythological figure with a surprised face depict her with an aging maid and Eros, respectively. Rembrandt used his mistress Geertje Dircx [HAIR-chuh DIRKS] as a model for a painting of this woman with her arm outstretched in bed.

Danaë

These two people look on as a naked man knees another man in the back and bites his throat in a painting by William-Adolphe Bouguereau. They stand in a boat on the River Styx that is swarmed by the dead in a Delacroix painting.

Dante Alighieri [or Durante degli Alighieri] and Virgil [or Publius Vergilius Maro]

Tailleferre's Pastorale, Enjoué was dedicated to this other member of Les Six, who composed the ballets The Ox on the Roof and The Creation of the World.

Darius Milhaud (mee-YO)

This man's namesake Quartet released the album Time Out that included "Take Five."This pianist also composed "Blue Rondo A La Turk."

Dave Brubeck [or David Warren Brubeck]

Time Out was recorded by the quartet named for this pianist, a longtime partner of saxophonist Paul Desmond. This man also led his quartet on a tour of college campuses, most famously Oberlin.

Dave Brubeck [or David Warren Brubeck]

This other Mexican painter showed a baby emerging from the mouth of another baby in Echo of a Scream. A hardcore communist, this painter of The March of Humanity participated in a failed assassination attempt of Leon Trotsky in 1940.

David Alfaro Siqueiros <EX, Painting>

Name this British artist of A Bigger Splash and Mr and Mrs Clark and Percy, who painted a series about Yosemite National Park using an iPad.

David Hockney

The sliding walls and window coloring of the Eames's Case Study House No. 8 displays the influence of this movement. The best-known architectural work of this movement is Gerrit Rietveld's Schröder House.

De Stijl ["duh style" ]

A members of this Dutch art movement, Gerrit Rietveld [KHAIR-it REET-felt], created Red and Blue Chair, and added color at the suggestion of Bart van der Leck. Its other members include Theo van Doesburg.

De Stijl [duh stale]

Another Dürer engraving features a knight on horseback flanked by a goat-headed devil and a personification of this figure, astride a pale horse and holding an hourglass to represent the shortness of life.

Death [or the Grim Reaper; or other reasonable equivalents]

A couple with this last name were two of the primary artists of the Orphism movement. The artist named Robert with this last name used abstraction and vivid color to represent Parisian landmarks like the Champs de Mars and the Eiffel Tower.

Delaunay [accept Robert and Sonia Delaunay] <EX, Painting>

Vermeer painted a series of cityscapes of this Dutch city from which he hailed. One of those paintings shows the spire of the Nieuwe Kerk ["NEW-uh kirk" ].

Delft [or View of Delft]

The newspaper Jyllands [YYL-lahns] Posten in this country caused an uproar in the Islamic world by publishing twelve cartoons in 2005 that include the image of Muhammad.

Denmark [or Danmark]

Name this female artist who created such works of art as "A Jewish Giant at Home with his Parents in the Bronx, N.Y., 1970"and an iconic piece depicting the identical twin sisters Cathleen and Colleen Wade.

Diane Arbus [or Diane Nemerov]

This artist took many photos set in New York, including Child with Toy Hand Grenade in Central Park. Much of her work documents marginalized people, or "freaks."

Diane Arbus [or Diane Nemerov]

Name this operetta in which Dr. Falke gets back at Eisenstein, who had played a joke on Falke when he had dressed up as the title animal.

Die Fledermaus [or The Bat]

This member of the Mexican muralist movement created a mural of Tenochtitlan currently located in the Palacio Nacional. His other works include a censored Man at the Crossroads and Detroit Industry.

Diego Rivera

Las Meninas was painted by this Spanish Golden Age artist of the Rokeby Venus, who created a portrait of Pope Innocent X ["the tenth" ] that was adapted by Francis Bacon into his "Screaming Popes"series.

Diego Velazquez

This artist of The Triumph of Bacchus was patronized by King Philip IV of Spain. He depicted the Infanta Margaret Theresa in Las Meninas.

Diego Velázquez [or Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez]

Name this style of music that usually uses a tuba, a banjo, and a clarinet. King Oliver is known for being integral to the development of this style of music.

Dixieland [accept hot jazz; accept traditional jazz]

An animated version of "The Steadfast Tin Soldier"accompanies this composer's Piano Concerto No. 2 in the movie Fantasia 2000. His String Quartet No. 8 opens with his namesake D-S-C-H motif.

Dmitri Shostakovich

Name this composer of the Leningrad Symphony.

Dmitri Shostakovich [or Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich]

This composer's Piano Trio No. 2 in E minor uses Jewish melodies, perhaps as a tribute to victims of World War II. One of his symphonies depicts marching Nazis in its first-movement "invasion"theme.

Dmitri Shostakovich [or Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich]

Sellars wrote the libretto for this Adams opera that includes the Donne quote "Batter my heart, three person'd God."This opera begins with a chorus singing "We believed that matter can be neither created nor destroyed."

Doctor Atomic <YFL Music and Opera>

Michelangelo was the most famous pupil of this painter of a fresco cycle in the Tornabuoni Chapel, who preceded him in painting frescos for the Sistine Chapel. His father was a famed maker of garland-like headwear.

Domenico Ghirlandaio [prompting isn't necessary, but don't accept any other Ghirlandaios; accept Domenico di Tommaso di Currado di Doffo Bigordi]

This Italian composer demonstrated his mastery of the harpsichord by composing 555 sonatas for the instrument.

Domenico Scarlatti [or Giuseppe Domenico Scarlatti]

Da Ponte and Mozart also worked together on this opera buffa, in which the servant Leporello sings the "Catalogue Aria"to his master's former lover Donna Elvira.

Don Giovanni [or Il dissoluto punito, ossia il Don Giovanni; accept The Rake Punished, namely Don Giovanni]

Two spiral staircases in the Vatican Museums, one designed in 1505 and a later double-helix namesake designed by Giuseppe Momo, are named for this Italian architect, whose Tempietto is found in San Pietro in Montorio.

Donato Bramante

While working for the Farm Security Administration, this female artist took the photograph Migrant Mother.

Dorothea Lange

Adrian Ludwig Richter was a German artist from this city, the site of the 20th-century destruction of Gustave Courbet's The Stone Breakers.

Dresden

"Take the A Train"was the theme for this pianist's big band. He also composed "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)."

Duke Ellington

In Las Meninas, Velázquez portrayed himself with this heraldic symbol on his chest. It was the symbol of an order of knights named after a legendary hero called Matamoros, or "the Moor-slayer."

a red cross [or Cross of Saint James; accept Santiago cross or Cruz de Santiago; prompt on partial answer] <EX, Painting>

In the opening of Citizen Kane, the title character drops one of these objects as he dies. After trashing his second wife's room, Kane picks up one of these objects and whispers "Rosebud"before putting it in his pocket.

a snowglobe

Sibelius's non-symphony works in one movement include many tone poems, such as one titled for "Night-Ride"and this sort of natural phenomenon. The opening fanfare from Richard Strauss's Also Sprach Zarathustra is also named for this phenomenon.

a sunrise [accept sunrise motif; prompt on dawn] <EX, Music>

Pollock was one of the leading figures in this art movement. Cy Twombly and Willem de Kooning were also part of this post-war avant-garde movement.

abstract expressionism

Composers of the time expected most of these details of the music to be filled in as so-called musica ficta. This is the general term for signs that change a pitch by a half-step, or sometimes more.

accidentals (e.g. sharps and flats) <AWD, Music>

Pollock and Krasner were known for this style of painting that emphasized the physical act of painting via splashes or smears. This term was coined by critic Harold Rosenberg, who called the canvas an "arena."

action painting [prompt on partial answer; accept gestural abstraction; prompt on drip painting] <JK Painting and Sculpture>

Name this kind of work. An example of this type of work shows the crucifixion in the middle panel, St. Sebastian being pierced by arrows on the left, and St. Anthony being threatened by a monster on the right.

altarpieces

In Ravel's orchestration of Pictures, this instrument plays the melody of "The Old Castle."The inventor of this instrument later combined it and its larger variants with a trumpet, tuba, and French horn respectively.

alto saxophone [prompt on sax or saxophone] <EX, Music>

The bulk of your showpieces are these sorts of expressive melodies for a single voice. Examples include "Nessun dorma"from Turandot and "O mio babbino caro"from Gianni Schicchi [JAH-nee SKEE-kee].

arias [DO NOT reveal otherwise, but accept specific types like coloratura arias]

Name this style of dance with its technique rooted in five foot positions. Dancers of this style often train at a barre and perform works such as Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker.

ballet

Dancers in training may become worn out from repeated plié-ing and elevé-ing at this handrail used in ballet classes, though if you're like Shan Kothari, you're more likely to walk into it.

barre <Kothari>

Islamic prohibition of figurative art was important in the development of this fabric-dyeing technique, which uses wax as a dye repellent, and is popular in Southeast Asia.

batik [or battik]

Charlie Parker's collaboration with Dizzy Gillespie pioneered this fast-paced style of jazz named for the syllables used in scat singing.

bebop [or bop]

Handel's operas heavily employ this Italian singing technique, which uses a small vocal range and focuses on control of tone intensity. It takes its name from words meaning "beautiful song."

bel canto

Another circular form for painting in Renaissance Italy were the desco da parto, trays given as gifts after these events. Sandro Botticelli's most famous painting is titled for this sort of event "of Venus."

birth [accept equivalents]

Women in salons, particularly in Britain, were often referred to as having "blue"examples of these items. Elizabeth Montagu founded the original women's "society"named for these.

blue stockings

Paintings like The Lunch and The Waterseller of Seville are often compared to these Spanish still-life paintings of pantry items, exemplified by Zurbarán's Still Life with Pottery Jars.

bodegón ("boh-day-GOHN" ) [or bodegones] <WN, Painting>

Name this item of headgear common in surrealist paintings by a certain artist. They are worn by two men with a club and a net waiting to ambush a man listening to a phonograph in The Menaced Assassin.

bowler hats [prompt on hats or other partial clear knowledge equivalents]

Eakins's painting Salutat depicts a person raising his hands to the crowd after achieving victory in this activity. George Bellows painted people engaging in this form of fighting in Both Members of this Club and Stag at Sharkey's.

boxing [accept boxers or pugilism] <Hart>

A print by Hiroshige, later copied by Van Gogh, shows a "Sudden Shower"over one of these structures. Gustave Caillebotte painted one of these structures named for Europe.

bridge

Giambologna created his statue of Mercury with this material. Donatello created his sculpture of David using this alloy.

bronze

Moore worked extensively with this alloy of copper and tin. Etienne Falconet's equestrian statue of Peter the Great is made of and is named for this material.

bronze [accept The Bronze Horseman]

Name these animals, which represent Zhu Yingtai and Liang Shanbo in that work. An opera titled for one these animals based on a David Belasco play uses a pastiche of the "Star Spangled Banner"to introduce a main character.

butterfly [accept the Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto or Madama Butterfly]

Whistler's signature was a monogram of his initials in the shape of one of these animals. Damien Hirst's I am Become Death, Shatterer of Worlds is a gigantic mosaic of these animals' bodies.

butterfly [or butterflies]

Name this stylized writing important since Islam decrees much representative art idolatrous.

calligraphy [or khatt]

In J. S. Bach's Goldberg Variations, every third variation is this type of piece. In this type of piece, a main melody is repeated by other voices or instruments at regular intervals, and the "crab"variety of this piece from the Musical Offering can be visualized on a Möbius strip.

canon <YFL Music and Opera>

The "Percy"in Mr and Mrs Clark and Percy is this kind of animal, which stares out of the window whilst sitting on Ossie Clark's knee. A black one is featured on a Théophile Steinlen poster for a Parisian nightclub.

cat [or kitten, or equivalents]

After that, the melody is passed to the first horn, two piccolos, and this instrument, whose keys connect to hammers that strike metal plates suspended above wooden resonators. It prominently features in Tchaikovsky' "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy" .

celesta [or celeste] <Carson>

Name this instrument. Auguste Franchomme ["oh-GOOST fron-SHUM" ], a musician who played this instrument, was the dedicatee of a sonata for this instrument in G minor and the co-composer of a Grand Duo concertant for this instrument and piano.

cello

Brahms's Piano Concerto No. 2 features a solo for this instrument that was adapted into the song "My Slumber Grows Ever More Peaceful."His Sonata No. 1 in E minor for this instrument was meant to be an "homage to J. S. Bach."

cello <KS Music and Opera>

Name this kind of furniture item. Charles Rennie Mackintosh made a set of high-backed ones with woven seats for the Argyle Room, and Eero Saarinen designed the futuristic "Tulip"kind.

chairs

Photographer Lewis Hine, who worked for the TVA during the Depression, gained fame for his many photographs of these types of people, including one photo showing four of them side by side after leaving a mine.

child laborers [or synonymous answers, such as child workers; prompt on children and other synonyms]

Identify these individuals. Titus was the only surviving member of this group and was shown in a red hat and a gold necklace by his father.

children of Rembrandt van Rijn [or sons of Rembrandt van Rijn]

Telemann wrote 12 "cycles"of pieces in this genre, with one for each Sunday of the year. Although it was almost never used by High Baroque German composers, this Italian term is now used to describe their mid-length sacred pieces for voices and orchestra.

church cantatas

Name this kind of object that inspired the proto-Pop Artist Stuart Davis's 1921 painting Lucky Strike.

cigarettes [prompt on "tobacco products"or equivalents]

Give the common English name for this instrument from the dulcimer family, used in many folk music genres from Central Europe. It is played using two hammers.

cimbalom [prompt on hammered dulcimer]

Carl Maria von Weber wrote two concerti for this single-reed instrument, a descendant of the chalumeau. A cadenza links the two movements of Aaron Copland's concerto for this instrument, written for Benny Goodman.

clarinet

Dolphy played alto saxophone in addition to the flute and the bass form of this single reed instrument. Benny Goodman played this instrument.

clarinet

Name this instrument that is accompanied by strings and harp in Copland's concerto for it. Another composer wrote a concerto and a quintet for Anton Stadler, a player of this instrument.

clarinet [accept B-flat clarinet or A clarinet; DO NOT reveal alternate answerlines; prompt on basset horn by asking, "What modern-day instrument?" ]

Sonata form may include one of these passages at the very end. They may be notated with a symbol similar to a crosshair, and take their name from the Italian for "tail."

coda [or codetta]

The Calabash is one of the many works Bearden made in this form, in which various images like magazine clippings are glued to a surface.

collages

Many Schwitters works titled Merz, such as "Merz Picture 32A: The Cherry Picture"are in this form. Hannah Hoch and other Berlin Dadaists created works of this genre called "photomontages."

collages <JB Other Arts (Misc. Visual)>

Greenberg also championed this movement within abstract expressionism, which Greenberg described with the term "post-painterly abstraction" . Morris Louis and Barnett Newman were painters in this movement, which filled canvases with flat, solid shapes.

color field painting [accept any answers mentioning color fields] <Hart>

You may perform complex arias written for this style of singing that uses virtuosic trills, tremolos, leaps, vibrato, and other enhancements. It is used by the title character of Lakmé.

coloratura <WA, OAudArt>

Name these architectural elements whose Greek orders, including the Ionic and Doric, are often quoted in postmodern architecture.

columns

Peaking in popularity during the Baroque era, these pieces called for a small group of soloists to pass melodies back and forth with an orchestra called the ripieno.

concerto grosso [or concerti grossi; prompt on concerto]

Name this instrument, which represents the title bird swimming in the underworld in the piece The Swan of Tuonela.

cor anglais [or English horn; do not accept "horn"alone]

Name this brass instrument also favored by the influential soloist Bix Beiderbecke. Unlike its larger and louder relative, the trumpet, it has a conical bore and a generally more compact body.

cornet

It is often claimed that Van Gogh's soul-crushing painting of a Wheatfield with these birds was the last that he ever made.

crows [or Wheatfield with Crows; or Korenveld met kraaien]

Bacon's triptych of the oresteias is titled Three Studies for Figures at the Base of [this scene]. Renditions of this religious scene include Gauguin's "yellow"version and Chagall's "white"version.

crucifixion [prompt on answers like the death of Christ] <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

Jackie Winsor's Burnt Piece is one of these objects that she roasted over a bonfire for five hours. An art movement named for this sort of object included the sculptor Jacques Lipchitz and the sculptor of a namesake baboon-like sculpture in Chicago.

cubes [accept Cubism] (That sculptor is Pablo Picasso.)

Lawrence referred to his style as a "dynamic"form of this art style, developed by Georges Braques and Pablo Picasso, which went through "analytic"and "synthetic"phases.

cubism <WA, Painting>

Bedrich Smetana wrote Ma vlast while suffering from this condition, which inflicted Ludwig van Beethoven towards the latter half of his life.

deafness [or loss of hearing; or obvious equivalents]

In the Duomo of Parma, Correggio used this technique in which extreme foreshortening of figures painted on a ceiling gives the illusion that they're suspended above the viewer. It is not to be confused with quadratura.

di sotto in sù

Early in her career Etta James led The Peaches, which mostly performed in this genre, in which a lead sings the vocals, and the rest of the group sings scat-like nonsense syllables as background harmony. Pioneers included Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers and The Five Satins.

doo-wop

The second movement of Sibelius's Second Symphony begins with a long pizzicato section for this lowest bowed string instrument in the standard orchestra, whose strings are tuned in fourths.

double bass [or string bass; or upright bass]

"Take Five"was originally intended to be a solo for Joe Morello, a member of the Brubeck Quartet who played this instrument. Along with guitar, piano, and bass, this instrument is a component of swing band rhythm sections.

drums

Tito Puente is called the "King of the Timbales,"which are this kind of instrument. Joe Morello played this instrument with the Dave Brubeck Quartet, and types of this instrument include the kick and snare.

drums

Boccioni explored this quality of many active figures including a soccer player and a cyclist. A Giacomo Balla work is titled for this property of a "dog on a leash."

dynamism [or Dynamism of a Soccer Player; or Dynamism of a Cyclist; or Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash; or word forms like dynamic]

Correggio painted St. John with one of these animals on a pendentive of another church in Parma. A boy is abducted by one of these animals as a dog looks on in another painting by Correggio.

eagles [accept Ganymede Abducted by the Eagle; prompt on birds] <WN, Painting>

Cennini's Handbook is the first extensive document to discuss this paint medium, which uses egg yolk as a binder. This medium was largely replaced by oil painting.

egg tempera

A Dali painting shows some swans, whose reflection in a lake look like these animals. A horse leads a line of these animals with elongated legs in Dali's Temptation of St. Anthony.

elephants [accept Swans Reflecting Elephants]

The Group of Seven were advocates of this style of landscape painting, taken from a French phrase meaning "out in the open,"in which painters take their easels outdoors and paint the scene "sur le motif,"or as it's actually seen.

en plein air

Vaslav Nijinsky was one of few male ballet dancers of his time who could dance using this technique, which requires supporting all one's weight on the tips of one toes. When performing this technique, dancers often use a shoe reinforced with a box and a shank.

en pointe

In this ballet technique, dancers wear special shoes and support their entire weight on the tips of their toes. Vaslav Nijinsky could dance in this manner, an uncommon feat among male ballerinas of his time.

en pointe (on-pwont)

Name this technique of printmaking. It was used to create the Hundred-Guilder Print and The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters.

etching

One of these things is located by the Unknown Soldier buried below the Arc de Triomphe and was first established by Maginot. Another one of these things is at JFK's grave in Arlington National Cemetery.

eternal flame [prompt on answers like torch or other equivalents]

Leoš Janáček's Sinfonietta and Capriccio both call for this instrument, which is basically a smaller tenor tuba pitched in B-flat major. Like the sousaphone, it is also most frequently used in marching bands.

euphonium

Name this inhumane practice that has not been performed on a bilakoro. It often involves removal of the clitoral hood and glans.

female genital mutilation/cutting [or fgm/c; or female circumcision; or cutting]

Copland composed several works in this genre of music based on John Steinbeck novels. Bernard Herrmann was a prominent 20th-century composer in this genre of music, which is generally non-diegetic.

film scores [accept any answers indicating that they were written for movies] <EX, Music>

One of these creatures pulls the title haywain in Bosch's triptych. At the top of the right panel of Bosch's The Temptation of St. Anthony, a woman and a man ride on one of these creatures, and at the bottom of the center panel, one of these creatures is wearing armor and a sheathed sword.

fish <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

In other forms of Japanese music, the in and yo scales have this many unique notes. This is one less than the number of notes in a whole tone scale.

five [or 5] <YFL Other Arts (Misc. Music)>

The exposition section of a major-key sonata traditionally ends by modulating to this scale degree. Any major triad is comprised of the first, third, and this scale degree.

five [or V; or dominant; do not accept "subdominant" ]

After Violetta coughs violently at the party and the guests leave to let her rest, Alfredo comes to her and gives her one of these objects.

flower <YFL Music and Opera>

Name this reedless woodwind instrument, the full-size version of the piccolo.

flute

Throughout the piece, a group of these wind instruments attempts to "respond"to the trumpet's solo with increasingly atonal phrases.

flute

Name this woodwind instrument played by James Galway, who studied under Marcel Moyse and Jean-Pierre Rampal.

flutes

This is the number of flutes that respond to the trumpet's solo in The Unanswered Question. This many beats are found in a measure of common time, the most standard and ubiquitous time signature in Western music.

four

J.S. Bach wrote a keyboard collection titled for the Art of this contrapuntal genre, in which multiple voices imitate a subject. A spooky Bach piece is titled for a Toccata and one of these pieces, both in D minor.

fugue [or Fuga; or fugato; or Toccata and Fugue in D minor]

Marinetti declared that a race car is more beautiful that the Winged Victory in the Manifesto for this art movement. Giacomo Balla and Umberto Boccioni were members of this technology-loving movement.

futurism [or futurismo]

Watteau also pioneered a genre named by this two-word French phrase. Paintings in this light-hearted genre generally depict aristocrats engaged in amorous activities in gardens.

fête galante

Vermeer was a master of this type of painting popular among Dutch Golden Age artists. Jan Steen was another master of these paintings, many of which show indoor domestic scenes.

genre paintings [or genre art]

Arbus took a photo of Eddie Carmel, a man with this physical trait, with his parents in the Bronx. Shepard Fairey, who designed Obama's Hope posters, created an image of another man with this trait above the word "OBEY."

giant [or gigantism; accept answers indicating he was very tall]

In a painting entitled Pollice Verso, whose title is Latin for "with a turned thumb," Jean-Leon Gerome depicted a victorious one of these people looking at several Vestal Virgins in the crowd.

gladiators [prompt on any less specific answers; accept murmillo; or murmillones]

New Canaan, Connecticut, is the site of a house that Philip Johnson made mostly out of this material. Johnson also used this material for the Crystal Cathedral.

glass <WN, Other Arts - Architecture>

Identify this medium whose stained variety is found in the windows of many Gothic cathedrals.

glass [accept stained glass]

In Carnival of the Animals, Saint-Saëns used this unusual instrument to help evoke an "underwater"sound in the movement "Aquarium."Benjamin Franklin developed the modern form of this instrument, which is usually replaced by a glockenspiel or celesta.

glass harmonica [prompt on partial answer; or glass armonica; accept musical glasses or water glasses; or bowl organ] <AWD, Music>

This bird titles a Carel Fabritius painting in which it is chained to a feeder. This bird also titles a Raphael Madonna in which John the Baptist passes one to the wee baby Jesus.

goldfinch [do not prompt or accept "finch" ; accept putterje and cardellino because those are the titles in the original languages]

Identify this type of paint that consists of large particles of pigment, water, gum arabic, and sometimes an inert white pigment, which dries to a much more opaque surface than standard watercolors.

gouache [or guache; or guazzo]

People often gather at Madrid's Puerta del Sol to observe a Spanish tradition involving eating twelve of these at midnight on New Year's in order to ensure a year of prosperity.

grapes [accept Twelve Grapes or doce uvas] <KH, Geography>

Andrea's fresco series on the life of John the Baptist is this kind of grey monochromatic painting. These paintings are intended to look like stone reliefs.

grisaille <Bailey>

Andrea del Sarto's more ambitious projects include a series of works executed in this technique in the Chiostro dello Scalzo. The outsides of Netherlandish triptychs were often painted using this technique, such as the outside of Bosch's The Last Judgment and van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece.

grisaille [griz-EYE] [prompt on answers like gray or black-and-white] <WA, Painting>

Since the leading tone traditionally "leads"better if it's a half-step away from the tonic, it's often sharpened in minor-mode pieces, resulting in this scale. This scale is contrasted with natural and melodic minor scales.

harmonic minor <JR, Music>

One of Taillefaire's best-known works is a concertino for this string instrument. This instrument plays a long cadenza in the Waltz of the Flowers from The Nutcracker and has 47 vertical strings that are plucked by hand.

harp

Ginastera wrote a 1965 concerto for the concert variety of this instrument, whose Paraguayan variety is played with the fingernails. The concert version of instrument uses seven pedals to alter the pitches of its strings.

harp [accept concert harp; accept Paraguayan harp or arpa] <EX, Music>

Name this keyboard instrument, a predecessor to the piano whose family includes the spinet and the virginal. Its sound is produced from strings that are plucked when keys are pressed.

harpsichord

Name this plucked keyboard instrument that was largely supplanted by the piano in the late eighteenth century.

harpsichord

Falla wrote a concerto for this instrument for Wanda Landowska, a Polish-French musician who re-popularized this instrument. Other works for this instrument include Francis Poulenc's ["frawn-SEES poo-LANK's" ] Concert Champêtre ["con-SAIR shawm-PET" ] and "Continuum."

harpsichord <YFL Music and Opera>

The '60s also saw a renaissance in the modern manufacturing of this historical keyboard instrument, which had earlier been revived by Wanda Landowska.

harpsichords <JR, Music>

Whistler's Arrangement in Gray and Black shows a woman with this family relationship to Whistler. In the painting, this character is wearing a white bonnet and looking off towards the left.

his mother [or obvious equivalents]

A Manet painting set in the town of Longchamps ["lone-SHAHM" ] focuses on these creatures. George Stubbs is best remembered for his paintings of these animals.

horses [or racehorses]

As organist at Sainte-Clotilde, Franck was noted for his skill at this activity, in which performers extemporaneously compose music while playing.

improvisation [accept word forms like improvising]

Philippe de Vitry pioneered this kind of motet based on repeating patterns of note lengths, as in his pieces for Roman de Fauvel. Guillaume de Machaut also wrote lots of pieces with this characteristic

isorhythmic

Barber's first symphony has this distinctive formal characteristic, which it shares with Sibelius's Symphony No. 7 and Roy Harris's Symphony No. 3.

it is in one movement [accept word forms and synonyms]

Bernstein's 1989 Berlin concert replaced this word with "freedom"in a line from Beethoven's Symphony No. 9. It titles an "Ode"adapted by Beethoven from a Schiller poem.

joy [or freude] <EX, Music>

Identify this genre of painting which was popularized in England by, among others, John Constable, whose works in the form include Wivenhoe Park, Dedham Vale, and many other depictions of the Suffolk area.

landscape paintings [or landscape art]

Identify this type of artwork. The Hudson River School and the Barbizon School were known for their mastery of artworks of this type, which often depict fields, trees, rivers, and other natural features.

landscape paintings or artworks

Given a triad like "C-E-G,"there are three other triads that share two notes with it: one is the relative minor, and another is the parallel minor. To get the third triad, what note or degree of the scale should you swap in for the chord's root?

leading tone [or 7; accept B because that's the note in the example] (These are the three basic "transformations"of "Neo-Riemannian"music theory.)

Kahn called the three concentric areas that make up the design for Phillips Exeter Academy's building of this kind "doughnuts."Two iconic stone lions sit in front of one of these buildings in New York City.

library <YFL, Other Arts - Architecture>

A sculpture by Salvador Dali includes one of these animals on top of a telephone. A mobile by Alexander Calder that was commissioned by MoMA depicts a trap for one of these animals.

lobster

Thomas Morley was the leading English composer of these through-composed polyphonic settings of poetry, of which Claudio Monteverdi wrote nine books' worth.

madrigal

Some of the symbols in Dürer's Melencolia I include this geometric figure next to an hourglass, the bottom row of which includes the date of the painting, 1514.

magic square [prompt on square]

Those last two works by Josquin are in this choral genre. These pieces are settings of parts of the Eucharistic liturgy, often in Latin, and they usually include a Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei.

masses [or missae]

de Chirico was the major figure of this movement that he co-founded with Carlo Carra. This style revolved around depictions of piazzas common to Italian towns made to feel eerie by absence of expected figures.

metaphysical art [or pittura metafisica]

Most of Mozart's symphonic third movements pair one of these dances with a contrasting trio section. One in G major for keyboard is traditionally attributed to J.S. Bach.

minuet

Name this object. The Jeff Wall photograph Picture for Women imitates A Bar at the Folies-Bergère's puzzling use of one of these objects behind the central woman.

mirrors

Name this medium in which small pieces of stone, tile, or glass are arranged to form a picture or pattern.

mosaic

Name this polyphonic form of vocal most common during the Renaissance, which unlike madrigals were usually sacred. Thomas Tallis wrote a 40-part one called Spem in alium.

motet

Nuper Rosarum Flores is an isorhythmic example of this kind of polyphonic choral composition. These works were usually sacred and often set antiphons.

motets

Tallis composed Spem in alium, an example of this type of work, for eight separate five-voice choirs. This type of work, a polyphonic setting of a sacred Latin text, contrasts with the secular madrigal.

motets

Arrangement in Grey and Black, No. 1 is the alternative title of a painting by James McNeill Whistler depicting which of his relatives?

mother [or synonyms; or Whistler's Mother]

Norton was a pioneering artist in these types of paintings. His trip to Mexico, which introduced him to the works of this type by Diego Rivera and José Clemente Orozco, was an important development in these paintings in the U.S.

murals [accept muralists]

Name this simple polygon. The base of the Florence Baptistry takes its shape, as does that of the Dome of the Rock.

octagon [or octagonal buildings]

Saint-Saens's third symphony is often named for this keyboard instrument, which is commonly found in churches, and whose sound is produced using compressed air and pipes.

organ

Name this vague term for a type of composition. One of them for solo violin ends with a monumental chaconne, and another set of six for keyboard are in keys at increasing intervals from each other.

partitas

A woman in a pink hat lies on one of these objects in a 1970 collage by Bearden. Faith Ringgold is known for telling narratives using these objects, one of which was created by the NAMES project as a memorial for AIDS victims.

patchwork quilts <WN, Painting>

Vermeer also painted a portrait of a girl dressed in exotic clothing and wearing a blue headscarf, with this specific object in her ear.

pearl earring [or Girl with a Pearl Earring; prompt on earring]

The taiko is a member of this family of instruments. The Bachi used to play this instrument are held in a similar manner to the western "match grip"used when playing some other members of this instrument family.

percussion [prompt on drums]

The mensuration sign "circle-dot"indicated that a piece's tempus and prolatio both had this property, meaning they divided into threes, not twos. This adjective describes intervals like fourths and fifths that are neither "major"nor "minor."

perfect [accept perfectus or perfectum]

Name this practice considered de rigueur for soloists in classical music, although not for chamber musicians. Dame Myra Hess declined to perform in this fashion, which has led to many stories about her page turners.

performing from memory [accept equivalents like playing without sheet music or by heart or by rote; do not accept or prompt on "playing by ear"]

Name this type of person, one of whom titles a painting in which he wears a jeweled belt and places his hand on top of a sculpture.

philosophers [accept Philosopher in Meditation]

Name this keyboard instrument produced by companies such as Bosendorfer and Steinway.

piano

One of Franck's best-regarded works is an F minor piece in this genre dedicated to Camille Saint-Saens, though a minor scandal ensued when Saint-Saens abruptly left the stage at the end of its premiere with the score still open. Franz Schubert based a piece in this genre on his earlier lied "Die Forelle" .

piano quintet [prompt on partial answer]

Beethoven also used a deceptive cadence with the second and third chords of Les Adieux, a work of this type. Beethoven wrote 32 of these pieces, including "The Tempest"and Pathétique.

piano sonata [prompt on sonata]

Name this genre. The 18th and last of the works of this type by a certain composer is sometimes nicknamed "The Trumpet"for its horn-inspired opening. Max Reger [RAY-guh] used the 11th of those works of this type for his Variations and Fugue on a Theme of that composer.

piano sonatas [prompt on sonata]

One of Smetana's earliest pieces was a three-movement piece of this type in G minor inspired by the death of his eldest daughter. Beethoven used the key of B-flat major for one of these pieces nicknamed "Archduke."

piano trio [prompt on "trio" ]

Name this instrument played by Vijay Iyer, Thelonious Monk, and Duke Ellington.

pianoforte

Franck taught this instrument at the Conservatoire. This large keyboard instrument has pipes and is commonly employed in church music.

pipe organ

Though Wood's arrangements of the Prince of Denmark's March uses an actual trumpet, most trumpet voluntaries use the trumpet stop on this very large instrument, which Jeremiah Clarke and John Blow played.

pipe organ

Franck and Saint-Saens both professionally played this keyboard instrument, which prominently figures in Saint-Saens's third symphony. This instrument is operated using pedals, manuals, and stops and can often be found in churches.

pipe organ <Carson>

Strauss also wrote several pieces in this other dance-based genre, including one with his brother Josef in which the strings play entirely pizzicato. Another Strauss work of this type is named "Tritsch-Tratsch."

polkas

Name this musical texture whose name means "many sounds."In it, at least two independent voices sound out together at the same time.

polyphony [or polyphonic music]

David Hockney is part of this art movement, which used elements from advertising and comic books. Other artists from this movement include Roy Lichtenstein and the painter of Campbell's Soup Cans, Andy Warhol.

pop art

Identify this artistic movement that included Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol in its number.

pop art

The Uffizi Gallery contains a Raphael portrait of one of these people dressed in red robes. Michelangelo depicted a horned Moses on a tomb for one of these people, who was nicknamed "The Warrior."

popes

El Lissitzky, a student of Malevich, is best known for one of these pieces of art that shows a red wedge piercing a white circle.

propaganda posters <YFL Painting and Sculpture>

Joplin is best known for writing numerous compositions in this musical genre noted for its syncopated rhythm. Examples include Joplin's The Entertainer.

ragtime

Name these locations. An old man looks out of a window smoking a cigarette as his wife reads a book in an Edward Hopper painting titled after a "Hotel"by one of these locations.

railroad

The Barbizon School, which developed in the Fontainebleau Forest, was part of this art movement that sought to depict unembellished scenes from everyday life in works like Gustave Courbet's Stone-Breakers.

realism [or realists]

Sonata form traditionally comprises the exposition, in which themes are presented, the development, in which those themes are modified, and this section, in which the themes are stated again.

recapitulation

The arias you perform are interspersed with passages of this type, which use the cadence and rhythm of ordinary speech. Its secco, or unaccompanied, type comprises the bulk of Claudio Monteverdi's operas.

recitative [reh-sit-uh-TEEV]

Another popular amateur activity was consort performance on this instrument, which is played much better by Michala Petri. This whistle-like, flute-like instrument is played using a thumb-hole and seven finger-holes.

recorders

The transverse flute is a member of the woodwind family that lacks one of these small strips of vibrational material. Woodwinds like the oboe and the English horn have two of these things, while the clarinet has one.

reed <JK Music and Opera>

Name this relation between two keys that share a key signature and have their tonics a minor third apart.

relative [accept more specific answers like relative major]

Ballerinas often go en pointe while performing this move, in which dancers rise from any of the foot positions onto their toes. Ballet students often practice pliés (plee-AYS) and this move at the barre.

relevé

Du Fay may have written the first polyphonic work of this type, though Ockeghem's was the earliest-written to survive. Franz Sussmayr completed Mozart's unfinished setting of the propers of this mass for the dead.

requiem mass <Kothari>

Identify this florid art movement popular in the 18th century as a response to the grandeur of the Baroque style.

rococo

Many of Mozart and Haydn's symphonies have fourth movements in this form. Like the ritornello, these pieces state a central theme multiple times, with episodes of contrasting music between each statement.

rondo [or rondeau; or sonata-rondo; do not accept "round" ; do not accept "sonata" ]

Works in this animal form by Dutchman Florentijn Hofman range from 1 centimeter in size to a 1,000-kilogram one in Seokcheon [suck-chun] Lake commissioned by Korea's Lotte [low-teh] Group. One of those works in this form collapsed in Hong Kong in 2013, and was finally destroyed in Taiwan later that year.

rubber ducks [prompt on duck] <WA, OVisArt>

Give this word that also denotes the intellectual gatherings sponsored by many wealthy noblewomen during the 18th century, particularly in France.

salons

Name this kind of object. Another late Roman example is one made for Junius Bassus with high relief carvings on three sides, including the first dated depiction of Christ as a lawgiver.

sarcophagi [or sarcophagus]

Bruckner's Romantic Symphony contains a movement of this name depicting a hunt. This name generally refers to a light-hearted movement, since it means "joke"in Italian.

scherzo

A 1967 painting by Rockwell depicts this type of institution in the Soviet Union. A bust of Lenin is prominently on display.

school [or classroom; or high school; or elementary school; or grade school; do not accept "college"or "university" ] <Cheyne>

Kahlo also painted a series of this type of painting, all of which include a figure with very dark eyebrows, often flanked by a bird or a monkey. Parmigianino used a convex mirror to create one of these paintings.

self-portrait [prompt on portrait]

Hirst's The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living contains a preserved example of this animal. A painting by John Singleton Copley depicts the rescue of Brook Watson from one of these fish in the Havana harbor.

sharks

Poussin's Et in Arcadia Ego depicts people with this pastoral profession discovering the title phrase carved into a tomb. In Breughel's Landscape With the Fall of Icarus, a person with profession gazes upwards towards Daedalus.

shepherd [accept anything involving herding sheep]

Name this number, the scale degree of the submediant. The relative minor of a major key is built on the scale degree of this number.

six [or sixth]

Chopin's "Revolutionary"Étude is challenging partly because the left hand has to constantly play these notes, which are also called semiquavers. These notes have a black head and two flags in standard notation.

sixteenth notes

Name this genre that was pioneered by Arcangelo Corelli in his Opus 5, which includes La follia.

solo sonatas [accept more specific answers like violin sonatas or recorder sonatas, but do not accept or prompt on "trio sonata" ]

The seventh instrument to which Boléro's melody is passed is one of two types of high-register woodwinds, which are ostensibly required by the score to be pitched in F, though none of these instruments in that key are now produced. Name either instrument.

soprano saxophone [or sopranino saxophone; prompt on partial answer]

Like every brass instrument, sousaphones come with these devices that get rid of condensation from the player's breath. Brass players are often seen "emptying"their instruments by using these devices.

spit valves [or water keys or water valves]

The Italian surrealist Giorgio de Chirico included some menacing shadows and a girl with a hoop in his painting of the Mystery and Melancholy of one of these. Caillebotte depicted a Paris one of these on a rainy day.

street [accept equivalents]

These pieces generally consisted of dances such as allemandes, courantes, sarabandes, and gigues. Romantic composer Edvard Grieg hearkened back "to Holberg's time"with one of these pieces.

suite [or partita; or ordre; or Holberg Suite]

Name this art movement whose manifesto was authored by André Breton and defines it as "pure psychic automatism."The painter of The Persistence of Memory, Salvador Dalí, was a member of this movement.

surrealism

Carrington was one of the last active members of this artistic movement, whose manifesto defined it as "pure psychic automatism" .

surrealism [accept answers mentioning surreal or forms thereof]

de Chirico's metaphysical art would later be a major influence on this movement whose painters included Max Ernst and Salvador Dali.

surrealism [or word forms like surrealist]

Name these animals portrayed in a ballet where they are hunted by the protagonist with a crossbow after a "Dance of the Goblets."A dancer portraying one of these animals performs 32 fouetté ["fwet-TAY" ] turns in one ballet.

swans

These birds can be seen swimming in front the land in Arnold Böcklin's Isle of Life. One of these birds sidles up close to Leda in many depictions of that mythological scene.

swans

Name this set of pieces whose potentially incomplete final example was purportedly assembled in 1988 by Barry Cooper. An odd dominant chord resolves to the subdominant chord at the opening of the first one of these pieces.

symphonies by Ludwig van Beethoven [prompt on partial answer]

Name this musical genre. The third and last of these works by an American composer reuses a fanfare theme adapted from an earlier, World War II-inspired work commissioned by Eugene Goossens.

symphony

Artists can use this instrument to imitate traditional instruments or create new sounds. This instrument, often controlled with a musical keyboard, frequently appears in pop and electronic dance music.

synthesizer

Like Copland, Astor Piazzolla studied with Nadia Boulanger before writing pieces like Adiós Nonino for this Argentine dance form popularized by Carlos Gardel. This dance is often performed in close embrace and uses moves like "ochos."

tango

Name this type of music that is oddly popular in Finland. Pablo Ziegler played in the Conjunto 9 [cone-HOON-toh nweh-vay] collection of musicians in this style in the 1970s.

tango [accept nuevo tango]

Goya was commissioned by Charles III and Charles IV to paint 63 of these often-huge artworks, which were then used as the basis for the creation of decorations to be hung in El Escorial and El Pardo. Pope Leo X commissioned a series of ten of them depicting the lives of Peter and Paul from Raphael.

tapestry cartoons [or cartones para tapices; do not accept "tapestries" ] <Carson>

The title protagonist of Pagliacci is scored for this high male vocal range which sits above a baritone. Luciano Pavarotti was a member of a group of "Three" of these singers.

tenor [or Three Tenors]

Identify this object, which was depicted from a variety of perspectives, often showing it painted red, in a series of paintings from the 1910s by the Orphist Robert Delaunay.

the Eiffel Tower [or la Tour Eiffel]

Johnson's design for his Glass House was inspired by this Mies building, which features a pair of white-edged horizontal slabs sandwiching floor-to-ceiling windows. It has a kitchen-slash-fireplace "block"and no interior walls.

the Farnsworth House

In 1996, the Jewish Museum in New York controversially exhibited Polish artist Zbigniew Libera's lego set about this event. A grid of concrete slabs makes up the Berlin memorial to this event, the subject of the film Shoah.

the Holocaust [or Auschwitz] <JB Other Arts (Visual)>

The Alexander Mosaic, which depicts the Battle of Issus with Darius III, was discovered in this well-preserved ancient residence named for a bronze statue of a goat-like figure.

the House of the Faun [or Casa del Fauno]

Perhaps the most famous piece in C-sharp minor is this Beethoven composition, whose first edition is labeled "Sonata quasi una fantasia" . It gained its most enduring nickname when Ludwig Rellstab compared it to a nighttime scene on Lake Lucerne.

the Moonlight Sonata [or Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-sharp minor; or Mondscheinsonate] <Carson>

Torcheres designed by Albert Carrier-Belleuse flank the Grand Staircase of this French landmark, whose auditorium features a removable ceiling designed by Marc Chagall. It is often known by the name of its architect, Charles Garnier.

the Paris Opera House [accept the Opera Garnier or the Salle des Capucines; prompt on Palais Garnier or any partial answers]

That building co-designed by Mies and Johnson is this landmark on Park Avenue in New York, which features ornamental bronze I-beams and three-position blinds. It was designed for a Canadian distillery firm.

the Seagram Building

Michelangelo's Doni Tondo can now be found in this museum in Florence, which also contains Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck and Titian's Venus of Urbino.

the Uffizi Gallery [or Galleria degli Uffizi]

In a 2012 interview, Leibovitz noted, "I don't know if I believe in [this concept] any more."This concept titles a photo book that includes an image of a man riding a bicycle past a winding stairwell, titled Hyères, France ["yair france" ].

the decisive moment <YFL Other Arts (Photography)>

The first suite of Respighi's Ancient Airs and Dances is based on pieces composed by Simone Molinaro, Vincenzo Galilei, and others for this Renaissance instrument. John Dowland's Flow My Tears was written for voice and this string instrument, characterized by the deep, rounded back on its body.

the lute <Carson>

Name this real-life musical event. An apocryphal story about Camille Saint-Saëns [kuh-MEE san-SAWNS] angrily storming out of this event has been disproven, as Saint-Saëns was not in attendance.

the premiere of the Rite of Spring [accept Le Sacre de printemps in place of "Rite of Spring" ]

It is generally divided into this number of distinct sections, beginning with an exposition and ending with a recapitulation. A traditional sonata or concerto also has this number of movements.

three

Give this term for circular artworks from Renaissance art, which include a sculptural one Michelangelo made for Taddeo Taddei and a painted one he completed for Agnelo Doni.

tondo

Agnolo Doni and Taddeo Taddei each separately commissioned Michelangelo to produce this type of artwork. These artworks were small round paintings or sculptures common during the Renaissance.

tondo [or Doni Tondo; or Taddei Tondo]

Turner's painting Rain, Steam, Speed shows a small row boat to the left in addition to one of these vehicles hurtling across a bridge towards the viewer.

train [or locomotive]

Bach also wrote a solo partita for this instrument, which features prominently in the badinerie of his Orchestral Suite No. 2. Johann Joachim Quantz taught Frederick the Great this instrument, and Mozart may have adapted his second oboe concerto for this instrument because he allegedly hated writing for it.

transverse flute

Telemann's works include twelve Fantasias for the "transverse"version of this instrument. His godson C. P. E. Bach succeeded him as Kapellmeister of Hamburg after leaving the court of Frederick the Great, who composed over 100 sonatas for this instrument.

transverse flute

Couperin helped introduce this genre to France. His eight works in this genre include Le Parnasse, dedicated to Arcangelo Corelli, whose Opus 1 through 4 are in this genre. Bach's Musical Offering concludes with one for flute and violin.

trio sonatas

Prince Orlofsky, who hosts a ball in Die Fledermaus, was written as this type of role in which a female actress portrayed a man. Orpheo in Glück's Orfeo ed Euridice is another example of this type of role, which is generally named for a piece of clothing.

trouser role [or breeches role; or pants role]

Like Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie played this small brass instrument.

trumpet

Miles Davis played this instrument, as did Arturo Sandoval, Maynard Ferguson, and Wynton Marsalis.

trumpet

In Bernini's tomb for Pope Alexander VII, this allegorical figure rests her foot on a miniature globe. A similar Bernini sculpture depicting this figure "Unveiled by Time"was left unfinished.

truth [accept Truth Unveiled by Time] <KS, Sculpture>

Identify this largest, lowest-pitched standard brass instrument. The sousaphone is essentially a version of this instrument, but designed to be easier to play while marching.

tuba

All the five classical ballet positions require this lateral rotation of the leg, which in first position ideally measures 180 degrees.

turnout

Vivaldi's L'estro armonico is a set of this many concertos for one, two, or four solo violins. Incidentally, this is also the number of notes in the chromatic scale.

twelve

Schoenberg's serial composition method used rows consisting of this many notes, which equals the sum of the number of black and white keys on a piano per octave. The chromatic scale has this many unique pitches.

twelve [or 12] <EX, Music>

Arnold Schoenberg invented a serialist technique that incorporates a namesake "row"of this many notes. This is the sum total of black and white keys in an octave on the piano.

twelve [or twelve-tone technique]

Schoenberg pioneered this compositional technique which eschews traditional tonality by using each note of the chromatic scale with equal frequency.

twelve-tone technique [or serialism; or word forms like serialist; or dodecaphony]

It shows Mr. Bellelli at his desk, Mrs. Bellelli standing, and this many offspring of this gender. John Singer Sargent's Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose also shows this many offspring of this gender. We want an answer like "four boys"or "one girl."

two girls [accept two daughters or two females or other equivalents]

Name this style of opera which centers on struggles in average daily life, such as in Pietro Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana.

verismo [prompt on realism]

Telemann's concerto for this instrument is the oldest one still played in this instrument's standard repertoire. Paul Hindemith played this string instrument, which is sized between a violin and a cello.

viola <EX, Music>

Hindemith was also a musician who played this instrument and wrote the concerto Der Schwanendreher for this instrument. This instrument is the second highest pitched string instrument.

viola [do not accept or prompt on viol or viola de gamba]

Telemann often played this instrument, and his G major concerto is probably the first solo concerto featuring it. This string instrument is tuned a fifth lower than a violin, and its music is usually written in alto clef.

violas <AWD, Music>

Identify this type of orchestral composition often played by virtuosos such as Fritz Kreisler, Joseph Joachim, and Hilary Hahn.

violin concerto [prompt on concerto]

Franck composed a piece in this genre in A major as a wedding gift for this friend Eugene Ysaÿe (ee-ZAH-ee). Other pieces in this genre include Ludwig van Beethoven's Spring and Kreutzer.

violin sonata [or sonata for violin and piano; prompt on sonata]

Steven Isserlis requested Tavener to write The Protecting Veil for this instrument and string orchestra. Jacqueline du Pré popularized Edward Elgar's concerto for this instrument, which is an octave below the viola.

violoncello

Gubaidulina's Canticle of the Sun was written for Mstislav Rostropovich, a player of this low string instrument. Gubaidulina's Rejoice, a sonata for this instrument and violin, has been recorded by Yo-Yo Ma.

violoncellos

Sturtevant copied Robert Gober's artwork in this medium, which shows repetitive patterns of penises and vaginas in white on a black background. In Victorian England, William Morris of the Arts and Crafts movement designed patterns for artworks in this medium for Jeffrey & Co.

wallpaper

Khachaturian's Masquerade Suite begins with, and is most famous for, one of these pieces. Shostakovich's Jazz Suite No. 2 is best-known for one of these pieces in C minor.

waltz

Johann Strauss Jr. gained most of his fame from writing these dances in 3/4 (three-four) time. Strauss's pieces of this type include Vienna Blood and On the Beautiful Blue Danube.

waltzes

Homer often painted in this medium, which can be used in "wet-on-dry"or "wet-on-wet"variants. The opacity of this medium is increased in Gouache paintings.

watercolor

The background of Durer's St. Jerome in the Wilderness is often compared to his early works in this medium. Great Piece of Turf and Young Hare are among Durer's incredibly-detailed nature studies in this medium.

watercolor <JB Painting and Sculpture>

Thomson painted a scrubby tree growing from a craggy rock in a painting titled for "wind"from this cardinal direction. Emanuel Leutze depicted "the course of empire"taking its way in this cardinal direction in a painting often said to symbolize American "Manifest Destiny."

west [accept The West Wind or Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way]

This French impressionist painted A Bar at the Folies-Bergere. He showed a naked woman on a picnic with two fully dressed men in Luncheon on the Grass.

Édouard Manet

Chopin's freeform piano pieces in this genre of difficult, technical pieces for study lifted its status into a common form of art music. They include "Black Key"and "Revolutionary."

étude

Chopin's music in this genre of study pieces include the Revolutionary one in C minor which was inspired by the 1830 November Uprising in Warsaw.

étude [pronounced "ey-tood" ]

Name this family whose heraldic symbol, the bee, appears on Rome's Triton Fountain. Urban VIII, a member of this family, had the bronze ceiling of the Pantheon melted to create cannons and the Baldacchino of St. Peter's.

Barberini

Name this painting whose center panel shows Christ in the clouds above a large wagon. The left panel of this painting depicts the expulsion of Adam and Eve as well as insect-like angels being thrown out of heaven.

The Haywain

Name this Renaissance British composer who also set two Lamentations from the Book of Jeremiah to music. His "Why fum'th ["fyoom-ith" ] in fight"inspired a "Fantasia"by Ralph ["rafe" ] Vaughan Williams.

Thomas Tallis

Name this operatic character. When she lies to another character by telling him she's in love with a baron, she has gambling winnings thrown at her feet.

Violetta [prompt on La Traviata]

Name these hand-painted books, first created in monasteries, that were decorated with gold or silver leaf.

illuminated manuscripts [prompt on partial answer]

In the '60s, it became popular for amateur groups to sing English works in this genre of secular pieces for a few voices. Pieces in this genre include Gibbons's "The Silver Swan"and Morley's "Now is the Month of Maying."

madrigals

Name this Spanish term for elaborately-dressed lower class women. One of these women reclines on a couch in a pair of paintings, one of which depicts her fully dressed and one of which depicts her naked.

majas

In the 14th century, composers like Philippe de Vitry began using these signs to show how to interpret their rhythms. One of these signs shaped like a "C" eventually became the modern signature for "common time."

mensuration signs [or mensural sign; or mensura]

Name this type of building, iconic modernist examples of which were designed by Charles and Ray Eames and Richard Neutra as part of that "Case Study"program. The Savoye family is the namesake of a white concrete one of these buildings.

residential houses [or villas; accept anything indicating personal homes]

Identify these male woodland spirits similar to Roman fauns. Protogenes was renowned for painting them "resting."

satyrs

An "army" consisting of thousands of sculptures made out of this baked material guards the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang in Xi'an, China.

terracotta

Name this event that occurred shortly after the founding of Rome. Nicolas Poussin made two paintings of this event that show Romulus in the upper left signaling his men to perpetrate it.

the Abduction of the Sabine Women [or Rape of the Sabine Women; both underlined parts required in either answer; do not accept answers with "intervention"in place of "abduction" ]

Name these objects that an artist focused on painting at his home in Giverny as he grew increasingly blind from cataracts over the last twenty years of his life. In some entries, they appear beneath a Japanese-style bridge.

waterlilies [or Nymphéas]

Name this percussion instrument. In a later piece, Camille Saint-Saëns ("kah-MEE san-SAWNS" ) used this instrument to quote that Danse macabre theme.

xylophones

Name this Mexican artist of The Broken Column and The Suicide of Dorothy Hale, who married Diego Rivera.

(Magdalena Carmen) Frida Kahlo (y Calderon)

In this Verdi opera set in Ancient Egypt, the Egyptian military officer Radames conducts an illicit love affair and gets buried alive with the title Ethiopian princess.

Aida

Name this German Renaissance artist and printmaker from Nuremberg, whose engravings include Melencolia I.

Albrecht Dürer

Name this bebop jazz saxophonist. In one story about this musician's early development, Jo Jones threw a cymbal at his feet at a jam session because he messed up during a solo on "I Got Rhythm."

Charlie Parker [or Charles Parker Jr.]

Name this John Everett Millais painting set in Joseph's carpentry shop. A young boy on the right meant to represent John the Baptist carries a bowl of water.

Christ in the House of his Parents

Name this mononymous artist who worked with his wife Jeanne-Claude on large-scale environmental artworks, such as Wrapped Coast, Wrapped Reichstag, and Running Fence.

Christo Vladimirov Javacheff [accept either underlined portion]

Name this avant-garde art movement that developed in Europe in the 1910s, whose nonsense-word name supposedly derives from the French word for "hobbyhorse."

Dada

Name this opera in which the giants Fasolt and Fafner drag away Freia and an orchestral interlude uses 18 tuned anvils to depict Alberich's slaves mining.

Das Rheingold [or The Rhinegold]

Name this set of 33 variations for piano based on a C major waltz. An Alfred Brendel essay about these pieces asks, "Must Classical Music be Entirely Serious?"

Diabelli Variations [or 33 Variations on a Waltz by Diabelli; or 33 Veränderungen über einer Walzer von Diabelli; accept Beethoven's Opus 120; DO NOT REVEAL LAST ALTERNATE ANSWERLINE]

Name this Spanish artist of Las Meninas.

Diego (Rodríguez de Silva y) Velázquez

Name this ballet where the Wilis ["vee-LEE" ] summon the title character back from the dead. It was originally choreographed by Jean Coralli and Jules Perrot.

Giselle ["zhee-ZELL" ]

Name this abstract expressionist known for her "soak stain"technique. Her painting Mountains and Sea was created after a trip to Nova Scotia, and she painted Eden around the two 100s painted in the center.

Helen Frankenthaler

Name this artistic period generally held to have lasted from 1490 until the 1527 sack of Rome.

High Renaissance [do not accept or prompt on "Renaissance" ]

This composer used many electroacoustic techniques in his series of Imaginary Landscapes, including turntables and tape recordings. This American composer also wrote 4'33"(four minutes and thirty three seconds).

John Milton Cage Jr.

Name this artist who collaborated with Vladimir Tatlin and the Cubo-Futurists before founding his own art movement, Suprematism. He painted Black Square and White on White.

Kazimir Malevich

Name this New York-based artist known for his photorealist paintings of African-American men in front of textile-like backgrounds or inserted into classical artworks.

Kehinde Wiley

Name this conductor who gave many Young People's Concerts while music director of the New York Philharmonic during the 1960s. He composed West Side Story.

Leonard Bernstein

Name this American architect. A shallow stream of water runs down the middle of a plaza separating two symmetric concrete buildings at the Salk Institute in La Jolla ("la hoya" ) designed by this man.

Louis (Isadore) Kahn [or Itze-Leib Schmuilowsky]

Name this city, whose popular neighborhoods include Chueca and Lavapiés. Its popular tourist attractions include El Retiro Park and the Prado Museum.

Madrid

Name this composer who wrote The Three-Cornered Hat and the gypsy-influenced ballet Love, the Magician.

Manuel de Falla y Matheu

Name this five-movement suite for solo piano. Each movement of this suite is dedicated to a member of the art group Les Apaches ["layz ah-POSH" ], including "A Boat on the Ocean"and "Alborada del Gracioso."

Miroirs

Name this orchestra. The oldest of the "Big Five"orchestras, this orchestra is currently led by Jaap van Zweden ["YOP fon ZWAY-din" ] and has historically been the home of such conductors as Gustav Mahler and Leonard Bernstein ["BURN-styne" ].

New York Philharmonic [or NY Phil]