First Aid & CPR Final (Chapters 13-19)
A ring that is stuck on a finger can be removed by:
All of the above (lubrication with a slippery substance, winding thread around the finger going towards the ring, and spraying glass cleaner onto the finger)
What should be done if a stinger is found?
All of the above (scrape it off with a fingernail, scrape it off with a plastic card, brush if off with your hand)
Which of the following describe signs and symptoms of a fractured hip?
All of the above (severe pain, the leg appears shortened, the leg is rotated with the toes pointing abnormally outward or inward)
First aid for nonpoisonous snakebites includes which of the following?
All of the above (wash the area with soap and water, treat the area same as with a shallow wound, consult a physician)
When applying compression to an injured ankle, the first aider should use:
An elastic bandage
Which of the following substances account for the largest category of poisoning exposures?
Analgesics
Chest pain that happens when the heart muscle does not get as much blood as it needs is called:
Angina pectoris
The redness and itching of a mosquito bite can be relieved by:
Applying calamine lotion
Coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, and inability to speak in complete sentences without pausing for breath are all signs of:
Asthma
When should a fracture be stabilized?
Before you move the victim
Which spider has a characteristic red spot on the abdomen?
Black widow
With an open fracture, the skin is:
Broken or damaged
Which spider bite will result in a blister developing within 48 to 72 hours after the bite?
Brown recluse
Sedative-hypnotics have what effect on the body?
Calm anxiety
A stroke is also known as:
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
Which is the proper first aid for someone who has taken an overdose of drugs?
Check breathing, call 911, and check for injuries
Broken ribs usually occur along the side of the ________.
Chest
A scorpion sting is life threatening to:
Children
The bronchi of the lungs become thick, are unable to stretch, and are partially blocked in cases of:
Chronic bronchitis
What does CSM stand for?
Circulation, sensation, movement
What is the most frequently fractured bone in the body?
Clavicle
A fracture in which the bone is fragmented into more than two pieces is called:
Comminuted
Bruising of the tissue is considered a:
Contusion
America's most venomous snake is the:
Coral
For an abdominal wound in which organs protrude, you should:
Cover the organs with a moist, sterile dressing
A ____ occurs when a muscle goes into an uncontrolled spasm and contraction.
Cramp
First aid for a seizure victim includes:
Cushioning the victim's head
If a splinter enters the skin under the nail and breaks off flush, it can be removed by:
Cutting a v-shaped notch in the nail and grasping the end of the splinter with the tweezers
What mnemonic can be used to identify signs and symptoms of a bone injury?
DOTS
What is the main sign of a dislocation?
Deformity
Vomiting and diarrhea pose a particular risk for:
Dehydration
The medical condition resulting from exposure to poison oak, ivy, or sumac is called:
Dermatitis
The pain from a sprained finger will be ____ the injured joint.
Directly over
A ____ results when bones are displaced from their normal joint alignment.
Dislocation
What injury results when a joint comes apart and stays apart?
Dislocation
Using the mnemonic RICE to treat ankle injuries, the "E" stands for:
Elevation
The only effective treatment for a severe allergic reaction to insect stings is:
Epinephrine
The "rule of thirds" is helpful when checking the victim for ____ injuries.
Extremity
Psychogenic shock is also known as:
Fainting
A fractured _____ is best splinted with a traction splint.
Femur
A condition that occurs when several ribs in the same area are broken in one place is called:
Flail chest
How long should the injured part be elevated?
For the first 24 hours
A ____ results when there are breaks in the bone.
Fracture
What kind of diabetes develops among some pregnant women?
Gestational diabetes
The first step in caring for the victim of snakebite is to:
Get the person away from the snake and call 911
How should diarrhea be treated?
Give the victim clear fluids
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of a knee dislocation?
Grotesque deformity
If the victim has a possible spine injury as well as an extremity injury:
Have the victim remain still as possible and wait for EMS
Risk factors for heart disease that cannot be changed include:
Heredity
Which of the following insects leaves its stinger behind in the skin?
Honeybee
The mnemonic DOTS can help you remember:
How to examine an area
Very low blood sugar is called:
Hypoglycemia
What two concerns result from an animal bite:
Immediate tissue damage and later infection from microorganisms
Always stabilize an injured knee in which position?
In the position found
The virus causing rabies is usually spread through:
Infected saliva
Golfer's Elbow is an inflammation of the tendons on the ____ of the elbow.
Inside
Type I diabetes, or juvenile-onset, is also known as _____ .
Insulin dependent
Insulin reaction results from too much ____ and not enough ____.
Insulin; sugar
Too much ____ and not enough ____ leads to low blood sugar.
Insulin; sugar
Fainting is a sudden, brief loss of consciousness due to:
Interruption of blood flow to the brain
Most ankle sprains are caused by the ankle having turned or twisted:
Inward
What is the most common type of stroke?
Ischemic
How do you care for a sucking chest wound?
Leave wound exposed to air unless controlling bleeding
For a fracture of the ____ third of a bone, stabilize the joints above and below the fracture.
Middle
Which of the following statements concerning swallowed poisoning is correct?
No product is effective in treating most or all poisons
Type II diabetes, or adult-onset, is also known as ____.
Non-insulin dependent
When the fracture line crosses the bone in a slanting direction, it is called:
Oblique
The initial care of a conscious stroke victim should include positioning the victim:
On his/her back with head and shoulders slightly elevated
If the intoxicated person is lying down, place him or her:
On his/her left side
What position should the injested poison victim be placed in?
On his/her left side
If the fracture results in the bone protruding through the skin, it would be considered a(n):
Open fracture
The two classifications for fractures are:
Open or closed
Tennis elbow is an inflammation of the tendons on the ___ of the elbow.
Outside
Tendonitis usually results from:
Overuse
What is the primary symptom of fractured ribs?
Pain
What happens when the area over a flail chest injury moves in a direction opposite to that of the rest of the chest wall during breathing?
Paradoxical movement
_____ occurs when air gets between the lung and chest wall.
Pneumothorax
What position should the hand be placed when splinting the wrist, hand, and fingers?
Position of function
A severe injury to the abdomen in which the internal organs escape or protrude from the wound is called:
Protruding organ injury
Opiates have what effect on the body?
Provide pain relief
Which type of snake is responsible for most venomous snakebites (about 65%) in the United States?
Rattlesnake
First aid for dislocations includes all of the following except?
Reduce the dislocation by putting it back into its normal position
Chest pain accompanied by cough, fever, and production of sputum is a sign of:
Respiratory infection such as pneumonia
Using the mnemonic RICE to treat ankle injuries, the "R" stands for:
Rest
What injury results when a joint is torn or stretched?
Sprain
When a joint is twisted or stretched beyond its normal range of motion, this is called a:
Sprain
If an impaled object is penetrating the chest, the first aider should:
Stabilize the object
If an object has penetrated the abdominal wall, you should:
Stabilize the object by placing bulky dressings around it
A ____ results when the muscle is torn as a result from being stretched beyond its normal range of motion.
Strain
A person who suddenly has trouble talking, understanding speech, and has a weakness along one side of the body is probably experiencing:
Stroke
The mnemonic FAST is helpful in identifying victims of:
Stroke
Too much ____ and not enough ____ leads to high blood sugar.
Sugar; insulin
Inflammation of a tendon from overuse is called ____.
Tendonitis
When using the "rule of thirds" when examining an extremity:
The bone is divided into thirds
Which bone is the largest bone in the body?
The femur
A hip fracture is a fracture of:
The upper end of the femur
Which of the following is true concerning the appearance of venomous snakes?
They have elliptical pupils and triangular heads
When applying an arm sling, the injured arm's hand should be placed in a ____ position in the sling, and above the level of the elbow.
Thumb-up
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium that is carried by a:
Tick
A fractured femur is best splinted with a:
Traction splint
A fracture which cuts across the bone at right angles to its long axis is called:
Transverse
When splinting the forearm, keep the victim's thumb:
Turned upright
When splinting the wrist, hand, and fingers, keep the victim's thumb:
Turned upright
The best way to remove a tick is to:
Use tweezers
The painful pressure caused by accumulation of blood under a fingernail or toenail can be relieved by:
Using a knife, needle, or small drill bit to pierce through the nail
Tennis elbow results from sharp, quick twists of the ____.
Wrist
Type ____ diabetics are not dependent upon external insulin to allow sugar to pass from the blood into the cells.
2
How many bones make up each finger?
3
A hip is usually fractured by:
A fall
Anaphylactic reactions generally happen within ____ after the sting.
A few minutes to 1 hour
A lumplike deformity on the back of the wrist, along with pain, tenderness, and swelling can indicate:
A fractured wrist
Fractures of the humerus should be stabilized using:
A rigid splint
What can be used to stabilize fractured ribs?
A soft object, such as a pillow
A device used to stabilize a fracture or a dislocation is called:
A splint
A seizure is the result of:
Abnormal firing of the brain's cells
Signs and symptoms of hyperventilation include which of the following?
All of the above (Dizziness or lightheadedness, shortness of breath, breathing rates faster at 40 per minute)
Which symptom commonly accompanies a pelvis injury?
All of the above (Pain in the hip, groin, or back, signs of shock, inability to walk or stand)
The chest discomfort from a heart attack may also be accompanied by:
All of the above (Shortness of breath, sweating, nausea)
What is the purpose of splinting a fracture?
All of the above (To reduce pain, to prevent damage to muscle, nerves, and blood vessels)
How should a first aider treat a victim with a pelvis injury?
All of the above (Treat for shock, do not move the person, keep the victim lying flat)
Which of the following are signs of a broken tibia or fibula?
All of the above (Visible deformity, swelling, severe pain)
Which injury would require medical attention?
All of the above (a "snap, crackle, pop" was heard at the time of injury, the injured area becomes hot, tender, swollen, or painful, the victim is unable to walk or bear weight after an ankle or knee injury)
Which of the following are appropriate first aid measures for a coral snakebite?
All of the above (call 911, apply a wide elastic bandage, stabilize the bitten area and keep below heart level)
Proper first aid for a heart attack includes:
All of the above (calling 911, having the victim take an aspirin, waiting on EMS and not driving the victim to the hospital)
Which of the following is true concerning tarantula bites?
All of the above (can be painless or produce a deep throbbing pain, pain from a tarantula bite can last up to one hour, tarantulas only bite when vigorously provoked or roughly handled)
To treat itching resulting from poisonous plant dermatitis, the victim can do which of the following:
All of the above (colloidal oatmeal baths, calamine lotion, baking soda paste)
When should you seek medical attention for diarrhea?
All of the above (if the victim has a fever, if the victim has not improved after 24 hours, if the victim has bloody stools)
Downers depress which system of the body?
central nervous system
Uppers stimulate which system of the body?
central nervous system
Rib fracture and flail chest are both examples of ____.
closed chest injuries
What does DOTS stand for?
deformity, open wound, tenderness, swelling
Marijuana has what effect on the body?
provides a feeling of relaxation and euphoria
Which test can be used to identify a scorpion sting?
"tap test"
Type ____ diabetics require external insulin to allow sugar to pass from the blood into the cells.
1
If chest discomfort lasts more than ____ minute(s), assume that the victim is having a heart attack.
10
How soon will swelling begin after a pit viper bite?
10-15 minutes