First Aid Chapter 16

Which of the following is true concerning a thrombus stroke?

80 percent of all strokes are thrombus strokes.

Which of the following is true about angina pectoris?

Angina is a brief feeling of pain or discomfort.

A victim of a stroke can be given water to drink.

False

Atherosclerosis is a disease condition in which the arteries lose their elasticity.

False

Heart attack is the same as cardiac arrest.

False

If the victim of a stroke develops difficulty breathing or becomes unconscious, turn him/her on his/her side with the paralyzed side up.

False

It is crucial to determine at the scene the kind of stroke that occurred because first aid care will differ according to the cause of the stroke.

False

Which of the following statements about cerebral embolisms is true?

Of all strokes, cerebral embolisms have the most rapid onset.

A conscious victim of a stroke may not be able to speak, but can still understand and hear you speak.

True

A stroke should be treated as an emergency just like a heart attack.

True

A transient ischemic attack may precede a thrombotic stroke.

True

Because of the critical nature of heart disease emergencies, you should treat every adult with chest pain as a heart attack victim until proven otherwise.

True

Heart attacks and associated heart disease are the number-one killer of adults in the United States today.

True

If you are in doubt about whether the victim is having an angina attack or a myocardial infarction, treat it as if it were a heart attack.

True

It is difficult for a First Aider to tell the difference between the pain of angina pectoris and the pain of a heart attack.

True

Silent myocardial infarctions are commonly seen in women, diabetics, and the elderly.

True

Twenty-five percent of all myocardial infarction victims have no chest pain at all.

True

You should not allow a victim to move on his or her own if you suspect myocardial infarction.

True

A transient ischemic attack is:

a brief spell, similar to a stroke

A heart attack without pain is called:

a silent myocardial infarction

In a heart attack, the common structures that cause the problems are:

arteries

A condition in which fatty substances and other debris are deposited on the arterial walls is:

atherosclerosis.

A stroke that produces a sudden excruciating headache followed by a rapid loss of consciousness, and coma is caused by:

cerebral hemorrhage

The most common sign of angina pectoris is:

chest pain

Which of the following is not a sign/symptom of a stroke?

chest pain

Arteriosclerosis occurs when arteries lose their:

elasticity

Arteriosclerosis is often referred to as:

hardening of the arteries

Because of its dramatic nature, 80 percent of the victims of this form of stroke die.

hemorrhage

Approximately 20 percent of all strokes are caused by:

hemorrhage.

When the blood supply to the heart is significantly reduced or stopped, the result is:

myocardial infarction

Which of the following conditions is most likely to produce cardiac tissue death?

myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction refers to the death of the:

myocardium

Which of the following is not associated with TIAs (transient ischemic attacks)?

nausea or vomiting

You should position the conscious victim of a stroke:

on his back with head and shoulders slightly raised

Angina pectoris occurs when the heart's demand for ________ is greater than what it is receiving.

oxygenated blood

Angina pectoris literally means:

pain in the chest.

To treat a responsive cardiac victim, activate the EMS system, then:

perform an initial assessment

Stable angina pectoris usually appears suddenly and is associated with:

physical exertion

Pulmonary edema results from ________ leaking out of the capillaries into the surrounding lung tissue.

plasma

A condition in which plasma seeps out of the capillaries into the lungs due to pressure from a failing heart is:

pulmonary edema

The most dramatic sign of progressing congestive heart failure is:

pulmonary edema

Generally, the best way to relieve angina pectoris is to:

rest

If an adult has had a heart attack and his/her pulse is absent, you should:

start CPR

A 60-year-old male is walking to the kitchen and suddenly clutches his head and collapses to the floor. He is unable to move his right arm and cannot speak. He has most likely suffered a:

stroke

The characteristics of a stroke depend on:

the cause, location and severity of the stroke.

If the responsive cardiac victim is able (and has no allergies or contraindications), encourage them to chew:

two low-dose baby aspirin