Flashcards for Exam 2 - Psych 200

Sichhun is a 50-year-old female whose hormone levels have dropped. Her menstrual cycle has ceased and she has begun to experience hot flashes, headaches, dizziness, and heart palpitations on a frequent basis. Which of the following best explains Sicchun's condition?

menopause

Monique has noticed some hair growing on her armpits and that her hips are getting wider. Monique is most likely experiencing ______

puberty

What age do you start emerging adulthood?

18

Emerging adulthood is the period between which ages?

18-25

How many categories are classified in coping?

2

What percentage of midlife adults exercise frequently and strenuously to achieve health benefits?

20%

How many older adults identify as lesbian or gay?

3 million

Arnett has identified how many characteristics of emerging adulthood?

5

_______ is a sleep disorder in which breathing actually stops for 10 seconds or more numerous times in the course of a typical night, as the air passage to the lungs closes, resulting in a sudden loud snore as the airway opens again and the sleeper awakens

Sleep apnea

Those in _____ have made a commitment to an identity _____ having explored the options

Identity foreclosure; without

In Erikson's theory of development, each stage of life has a central crisis, and in adolescence and early adulthood the crisis is ______

Identity versus role confusion

Developed countries can be viewed as ______, whereas, developing countries can be seen as _______

Individualistic; collective

Layla is in a relationship with a boy named Josh, and she has an intense amount of feelings for him. She is not able to focus on her homework or anything else other than Josh. What is this considered according to Sternberg's Triangle of Love?

Infatuation

Erikson felt that one of the MOST important tasks of the twenties and thirties was to develop a sense of _________

Intimacy through a close partner relationship

James is finally 16 and he's getting a sense of freedom and independence from his parents. His parents also have been given extra time for themselves. What may be the cause of this effect?

James is now a teen driver

What type of memory involves the storage of information for long periods of time?

Long term memory

Which frame from Davison's theory of love is the healthiest in terms of partner's independence, intimacy, and self-love?

M

In what condition is there a loss of clarity in the center of the visual field

Macular degeneration

____ describes a female's first menstruation, whereas _____ describes a male's first ejaculation of sperm

Menarche; semenarche/spermarche

During young adulthood the heart muscle starts to become _____, but this is not noticeable except during times of ______

More rigid; intense physical activity

Your 68-year-old grandmother has quite a bit of gray hair. She told you that she first started getting gray hair when she was 52 and it keeps getting grayer every year. What is happening that her hair is getting gray?

Most people experience loss of pigment that provides hair color

What does the acronym NEET stand for?

Neither employed nor in education or training

Your grandmother has been experiencing the side effects of menopause and you overheard your mother and grandmother discussing the possibility of using Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). What would be your advice?

Not to use HRT, as there are serious side effects including increased risk of stroke, blood clots (hence, heart attacks) and breast cancer

Which of the following best describes the type of attention where individuals must tune out irrelevant information?

Selective attention

If someone is having a difficult time seeing or hearing, the information will not be stored?

Sensory register

What is the hormone Oxytocin known as?

Hormone of love

Approximately what percentage of adolescents develop acne?

85%

________ students between the ages of 18 and 24 report having experienced alcohol-sexually related assault or date rape

97,000

Which of the following couples might display a more intrinsic type of marriage?

A couple that is vital

Your grandparents and you have had a very good and loving relationship since you were a very young child. They talk about all kind of things with you. They are both in their late 70s and have been talking quite a bit about their lives, how they lived their lives, and the high and low points. According to Butler, what are your grandparents doing?

A life review

One factor that promotes self-esteem among minority youth is ________

A strong and positive racial or ethnic identity

Jonathan is 13 years old and is starting to see changes in his physicality, his ways of thinking and also in his social relationships with others. What stage of development is he in?

Adolescence

Alex is talking to his friends one day and seems to be having a very rough day. HIs friend Jordan asks him what happened. He replies, "you wouldn't know how I am feeling, you've never felt this feeling so I am not going to talk to you or anyone else about it." What does this behavior demonstrate?

Adolescence Egocentrism

Antony is an adolescent who is primarily responsible for taking care of his younger sibling while his parents work. In addition, Antony's household includes not only his parents and siblings, but also includes grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins as well. Based upon this description, Antony is most likely ______

An adolescent who lives in a traditional culture

Which of the following emerging adults have a high degree of pressure to develop an identity that places an emphasis on obligation to parents and others?

Asian

Early maturing girls are _________

At a higher risk of depression, promiscuity, and eating disorders

Over the years, plaque builds up on the coronary arteries, causing the passage of blood through the arteries to become constricted. What is the name of this condition?

Atherosclerosis

Which aspects of human sexuality largely concern the human reproductive functions?

Biological and Physical

Which of the following is consistent with the recommended level of aerobic exercise for individuals in late adulthood?

Brisk walking

What is the phenomenon called when cells divide a limited number of times then stop?

Hayflick limit

_______ is a waxy fatty substance carried by lipoprotein molecules in the blood

Cholesterol

What type of love involves commitment and intimacy, but there is a loss for passion? This may apply to a couple who have been married for many years, and who have lost the passion, but still have emotional intimacy in their relationship. The couple remains committed and supported, but lost sexual attraction for each other

Companionate

After midlife, most males:

Continue to be reproductive

An adult is likely to outperform a child due to which type of intelligence?

Crystallized intelligence

Your grandmother tells you about how things were in the "Old Country" when she was a child before she moved with her family to the United States. Your grandmother's recollections of cultural information are examples of her ______

Crystallized intelligence

If you are in your twenties, your middle-aged mother should outperform you on measures of _______ intelligence, while you should do better than your mother on tests of _______ intelligence

Crystallized; fluid

What type of love involves commitment alone without passion or intimacy and applies to a couple who have been married for many years, and who have lost the passion and intimacy in their relationship but have remained together?

Empty love

According to Erikson, what is the primary psychological milestone of adolescence?

Developing a sense of identity

In spite of being a healthy stage in life, the top five causes of death in young adulthood include these EXCEPT ________

Diabetes - The top five causes of death in young adulthood include: --Cancer --Suicide --Homicide

Regular exercise in young adulthood reduces the risk of a variety of illnesses and diseases in middle adulthood, including ______

Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several types of cancer

What is the ability to bring together salient aspects of two opposing viewpoints or positions referred to as?

Dialectical thought

What type of thinking develops in emerging adulthood that involves a growing awareness that problems often have no clear solution and two opposing strategies or points of view may each have some merit?

Dialectical thought

The theory that suggests that the elderly and society mutually withdraw from each other is:

Disengagement theory

Tertiary education is best described as any kind of ________

Education or training program beyond high school

What type of love involves commitment alone without passion or intimacy and applies to a couple who have been married for many years, and who have lost the passion and intimacy in their relationship, but remain together?

Empty love

Your 43-year-old uncle has his own automobile repair shop. Whenever you have car problems all you have to do is describe the noise that your car is making and he can accurately diagnose the problem on the phone. Psychologists would argue that this is an example of his _______

Expertise

Your younger brother is absolutely crazy about his new girlfriend. They have been together for about two weeks and they are inseparable. He is already talking about a permanent situation with her. According to Sternberg, what type of love is he experiencing?

Fatuous love

You notice that you are very quick to respond to the changing conditions in a new video game that you just bought. In fact, you are better at responding and adapting to the scenery and demands of the game than your friends who bought and started playing the game two weeks ago. What type of intelligence are you tapping into?

Fluid intelligence

Jacob has been pressured by his father to take over the family farm. Reluctantly, Jacob has agreed to this identity status because that is what is best for his parents. He has not explored his options but has passively accepted the identity his father imposed on him. From James Marcia's model, which of the following identity statuses can Jacob's be categorized as?

Foreclosure

Soon after Sarah's 13th birthday, her parents begin to see a huge change in their daughter's way of looking at the world. She is looking beyond the physical world and asking many questions about the world around her she had not once seen in this way. What stage of development is Sarah approaching?

Formal Operation Stage

Sally is playing outside with her brother Micah, and wants to push him down when he takes her swing. Sally does not push Micah, however, because she predicts that she will be punished with no television privileges after dinner if she does. Sally is most likely in the _____ stage of development

Formal operational

In our twenties, intimacy needs to be met through _______ rather than with partners

Friendships

Theo is an adolescent boy who has gotten in trouble for a number of delinquent acts such as underage drinking, vandalizing on Halloween, and trespassing. Researchers who take a biological approach would explain this behavior as being caused by an immature _____

Frontal lobe

What is the most obvious indicator that aging begins in young adulthood?

Graying hair

Which of the following is an environmental cause for decreased auditory acuity during middle adulthood?

Having a history of working within a factory or a job that exposes a person to chronically loud noises

Kate is 87, what kind of care will she most likely need?

Nursing home/Long term care

During middle adulthood, which of the following are factors related to sleep disturbances and sleep disorders?

Obesity, chronic pain, and stress

Reese is a single mom and really busy, what form of dating is best for her?

Online dating

Betty is a 75-year-old widow who enjoys taking exercise classes, traveling, and playing with her great-grandchildren. What population of late adulthood would she be considered?

Optimal aging

What happens if the wheel theory of love turns backward?

Partners will talk less, less likely to rely on one another, and less likely to disclose much of anything

What aspect of love fades fairly quickly in most relationships as partners become used to each other and the stresses and conflicts of daily life accumulate?

Passion

Adults have gained experience and understood why possibilities do not always become realities. What kind of thinking is this?

Postformal Thoughts

_______ involves adapting logical thinking to the practical constraints of real-life situations

Pragmatism

Two kinds of changes take place in the body in response to increased sex hormones during puberty. What characteristic is directly related to reproduction?

Primary sex characteristics

What type of memory is involved when an individual remembers how to perform a task or activity involving motor skills?

Procedural memory

The prefrontal cortex is one of the areas of the brain that changes the most dramatically during adolescence. Which of the following is NOT a cognitive function of the prefrontal cortex?

Recognizing facial features

Tracey is new to college and dorm life. She experiments with drugs and alcohol and often 'blacks out' after a night of partying. Tracey is exhibiting what type of behavior?

Risky behavior

Ms. Long is a third grade teacher and uses cooperative learning in her classroom. In creating groups of students, she will equally distribute high achieving, moderate achieving, and low achieving students so there is one student of each category in every group. Based upon the skills of each student, Ms. Long knows that the high achieving students can help the moderate achieving students, and in turn, the moderate achieving students can help the low achieving students. It is clear that Ms. Long is using the principle of ______ in her classroom

Scaffolding

What is the term that is used to describe the decline in physical functioning that takes place due to lifestyle behaviors such as unhealthy diet, insufficient exercise and substance use, as well as environmental influences such as pollution?

Secondary aging

A male's larynx grows and his voice becomes deeper. A woman starts to grow underarm hair and pubic hair. These examples of sexual maturity are known as what?

Secondary sexual characteristics

Lawrence is 23 years old and has recently graduated with his bachelor's degree in psychology. He has applied to several graduate programs but has been denied by all of them. Now, Lawrence is seeking employment and would like to find a job that leads to a promising career. Although not his ideal scenario, he applied for a position as an academic advisor at a community college, was offered a job, and accepted a position. Which stage of Donald Super's theory of occupational development is Lawrence in?

Stage 3

Sasha has recently experienced the death of a family member and is having a difficult time managing large amounts of school work. These negative events have caused her blood pressure to rise, poor sleeping habits, and an inability to fully recover from a common cold. Sasha is currently dealing with large amounts of ________

Stress

The time period of emerging adulthood is more likely to be seen in which of the following countries?

The United States, Australia, and Japan

Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as menopause?

The end of monthly ovulation and menstruation

Each time ovulation does not result in a healthy pregnancy, what occurs?

The endometrial lining is shed and removal of unfertilized eggs

Which of the following best explains why visual acuity declines during middle age?

The lens of the eye enlarges and becomes less flexible/elastic and less transparent

Bob helped his sports team win the state championship and now he thinks he may someday be famous. This reflects:

The personal fable

Which of the following best describes Erik Erikson's notion of intimacy?

The uniting of one's newly formed identity with another person in an enduring, committed intimate relationship

Which of the following is a common activity that emerging adults engage in with their friends?

Unstructured socializing

________ is the ability to use common sense and good judgment in making decisions

Wisdom

According to Jane Fonda's Ted talk, the three factors that can contribute to an upward ascension to human spirit on the life's staircase are __________

Wisdom, wholeness, and authenticity

Which aspect of memory is hardest hit in late adulthood?

Working memory

Ashley and Lindsey are a couple do they deal with added stress from social disapproval and discrimination of their same-sex relationship?

Yes

Does our body seek out social relationships during stress?

Yes

Do cohabiting relationships last long?

Yes, they last longer than normal non-cohabiting couples

The changes that occur in vision during middle adulthood make it necessary that most adults _____

get reading glasses

Middle adulthood

has many individual differences and cultural variation

The age of _____ is an age when people explore various possibilities in love and work as they move toward making enduring choices

identity explorations

Jean Piaget proposed that cognitive development reaches full maturity at formal operations; however, contemporary researchers propose that this is not the case, but rather that cognitive maturity exceeds into ________

postformal thinking

People who hear a ringing or buzzing sound with no external source probably have ________

tinnitus