Fluid and Electrolyte/Thermoregulation

The nurse is caring for a client with a temperature of 104.5°F (40.3°C). The nurse applies a cooling blanket and administers an antipyretic medication. Which is the correct rationale for the nurse's interventions? 1 To promote equalization of osmotic pressures 2 To prevent hypoxia associated with diaphoresis 3 To promote integrity of intracerebral neurons 4 To reduce brain metabolism and limit hypoxia

4 To reduce brain metabolism and limit hypoxia

An infant with a diagnosis of heart failure is being given furosemide twice a day. Which laboratory value would the nurse report to the health care provider? 1 Sodium of 140 mEq/L (140 mmol/L) 2 Ionized calcium of 2.35 mEq/L (1.2 mmol/L) 3 Chloride of 102 mEq/L (102 mmol/L) 4 Potassium of 3.0 mEq/L (3.0 mmol/L)

4 Potassium of 3.0 mEq/L (3.0 mmol/L)odium of 140 mEq/L (140 mmol/L)

When taking the blood pressure of a client who had a thyroidectomy, the nurse identifies that the client is pale and has spasms of the hand. The nurse notifies the health care provider. Which medication will the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe? 1 Calcium 2 Magnesium 3 Bicarbonate 4 Potassium chloride

1 Calcium

A client who experienced extensive burns is receiving intravenous fluids to replace fluid loss. The nurse would monitor for which initial symptom of fluid overload? 1 Crackles in the lungs 2 Decreased heart rate 3 Decreased blood pressure 4 Cyanosis of nailbeds

1 Crackles in the lungs

The laboratory reports of a client with adrenal adenoma show high urine aldosterone levels and a low specific gravity of urine. The serum potassium is 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L). Which other findings will be present on assessment? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Hypernatremia 2 Hypertension 3 Hypoglycemia 4 Hypercalcemia 5 Metabolic alkalosis

1 Hypernatremia 2 Hypertension 5 Metabolic alkalosis

Intravenous (IV) potassium is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of hypokalemia. Which statement about administration of IV potassium is accurate? 1 Oliguria is an indication for withholding IV potassium. 2 Rapid infusion of potassium prevents burning at the IV site. 3 Clients with severe deficits should be given IV push potassium. 4 Average IV dosage of potassium should not exceed 60 mEq in 1 hour.

1 Oliguria is an indication for withholding IV potassium.

The body temperature of a client with heatstroke is above 104°F (40°C). Which is the priority order the nurse would use for cooling the client so that breathing and circulation are not impaired? 1. The nurse will take off the client's clothing. 2. The nurse would place ice packs on the neck, axillae, chest, and groin. 3. The nurse would immerse the victim in cold water. 4. The nurse would fan the client rapidly to aid in cooling by evaporation.

1.The nurse will take off the client's clothing. 2.The nurse would place ice packs on the neck, axillae, chest, and groin. 3.The nurse would immerse the victim in cold water. 4.The nurse would fan the client rapidly to aid in cooling by evaporation.

Which action would the nurse take first when a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis reports difficulty breathing after instillation of dialysate into the peritoneal space? 1 Weigh the client. 2 Check pulse oximetry. 3 Auscultate lung sounds. 4 Reposition the client

2 Check pulse oximetry.

The nurse, caring for a client with full-thickness burns of the anterior trunk and thigh, is monitoring fluid balance during the first 2 to 3 days after the burn. Which area is most important for the nurse to assess for fluid balance in this client? 1 Weight every day 2 Urinary output every hour 3 Blood pressure every 15 minutes 4 Extent of peripheral edema every 4 hours

2 Urinary output every hour

When a client who is taking a diuretic has been instructed to eat foods high in potassium, which fruit would the nurse suggest? 1 Apples 2 Grapes 3 Cantaloupe 4 Cranberries

3 Cantaloupe

The primary health care provider instructs the nurse to manage fluid replacement therapy in a client with cancer. Which type of care is the client receiving? 1 Palliative care 2 Comfort care 3 Supportive care 4 End-of-life care

3 Supportive care

Which intravenous fluid is a hypertonic solution? 1 Ringer solution 2 5% dextrose in water 3 Lactated Ringer solution 4 5% dextrose in normal saline

4 5% dextrose in normal saline

The nurse provides education for a client who has received a prescription for spironolactone. The information includes a correlation between potassium intake and the medication, and a list of fluids and their potassium content. The nurse concludes that the teaching is effective when the client plans to consume which type of juice? 1 Prune juice 2 Orange juice 3 Tomato juice 4 Cranberry juice

4 Cranberry juice

A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube (NGT) who has a prescription for NGT irrigation once every 8 hours. To maintain homeostasis, which solution should the nurse use to irrigate the NGT? A. Tap water B. Sterile Water C. 0.9% Sodium Chloride D. 0.45% Sodium Chloride

C. 0.9% Sodium Chloride

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client with pheochromocytoma who has been experiencing clinical manifestations of hypermagnesemia. When evaluating the client, the nurse should determine that the client's status is returning to normal if which is no longer exhibited? A. Tetany B. Tremors C. Areflexia D. Muscular excitability

C. Areflexia

Which nursing intervention would be priority in the period immediately after an emaciated young teenager with anorexia nervosa is admitted to the hospital for starvation? 1 Ensuring that the child's rest and nutrition needs are met 2 Correcting the child's fluid and electrolyte imbalances 3 Obtaining more data about the child's diet and exercise program 4 Completing an assessment of the child's physical and family status

2 Correcting the child's fluid and electrolyte imbalances

Which nursing assessment indicates dehydration in an infant? 1 Flat anterior fontanel 2 Decreased urine output 3 Warm skin temperature 4 Slow, labored respirations

2 Decreased urine output

The nurse is caring for a client who has renal calculi secondary to hyperparathyroidism. Which type of diet would the nurse teach the client? 1 Low purine 2 Low calcium 3 High phosphorus 4 High alkaline ash

2 Low calcium

Which serum laboratory value in a client with urinary problems may indicate the risk of developing muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias? 1 Calcium of 9.5 mg/dL (2.375 mmol/L) 2 Potassium of 7.02 mEq/L (7.02 mmol/L) 3 Bicarbonate of 22.8 mEq/L (22.8 mmol/L) 4 Phosphorus of 4.1 mg/dL (1.3243 mmol/L)

2 Potassium of 7.02 mEq/L (7.02 mmol/L)

When monitoring a client for hyponatremia, which assessment findings would the nurse consider significant? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Thirst 2 Seizures 3 Erythema 4 Confusion 5 Constipation

2 Seizures 4 Confusion

A client with hyperthyroidism is to receive potassium iodide solution before a subtotal thyroidectomy is performed. Which purpose would the nurse include when explaining why this medication is prescribed? 1 Decreases the total basal metabolic rate 2 Maintains the function of the parathyroids 3 Blocks the formation of thyroxine by the thyroid gland 4 Decreases the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland

4 Decreases the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland

Which action is characteristic of the hormone aldosterone? 1 Helps produce concentrated urine 2 Causes tubular secretion of sodium 3 Promotes potassium secretion in the collecting duct 4 Enhances sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule

4 Enhances sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule

A woman who had a home birth brings the infant to the well-baby clinic on the third day after the birth, and the infant weighs 5% less than at birth. Which would the nurse suspect as the cause of this weight loss? 1 Viral or bacterial infection 2 Obstructive gastrointestinal anomaly 3 Generalized muscle response to stimulation 4 Imbalance between nutrient intake and fluid loss

4 Imbalance between nutrient intake and fluid loss

The nurse is notified that the latest potassium level for a client who has acute kidney injury is 6.2 mEq (6.2 mmol/L). Which action would the nurse take? 1 Alert the cardiac arrest team. 2 Call the laboratory to repeat the test. 3 Notify the primary health care provider. 4 Obtain an antiarrhythmic medication.

3 Notify the primary health care provider

Which outcome is the main focus of treatment for a client with Addison disease? 1 Decrease in eosinophils 2 Increase in lymphoid tissue 3 Restoration of electrolyte balance 4 Improvement of carbohydrate metabolism

3 Restoration of electrolyte balance