FN170-quizzes 1-14
A person who exhibits a physiological need to eat is most likely experiencing the sensation of
hunger
The chemical reaction by which starch is split into monosaccharides is termed
hydrolysis.
The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent
hypertension.
A muscle that increases in size in response to use is an example of
hypertrophy.
Among the elderly, malnutrition is most common in those living
in nursing homes.
All of the following are characteristics of anorexia nervosa except
in those who recover, energy intakes return to normal.
An important aid in any weight-loss diet program is to
increase physical activity.
Since repeated pregnancies occurring within short time frames lead to depletion of the mother's nutrient reserves, what is the optimal interval between pregnancies?
1 1/2 -2 years
Which of the following provides the most fiber?
1 cup split peas
For the normal-weight woman who becomes pregnant, what is the ideal weekly weight gain from the start of the second trimester and onward?
1 lb
If a person consumes 65 grams of protein and a total of 2700 kcalories per day, approximately what percentage of energy would be derived from protein?
10
According to the current dietary recommendations, what is the maximum percentage of total energy intake that added sugar should contribute in the diet?
10 %
As a general rule, what minimum number of kcalories per day is necessary to ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight?
1200
How many calories are in a food that contains 20 grams of carbohydrate, 8 grams protein, and 5 grams of fat?
157
To minimize the possibility of foodborne illness, hamburger should be cooked to an internal temperature (°F) of at least
160
What is the minimum recommended safe temperature (°F) to heat leftovers?
165
Physical performance is noticeably affected when body water loss first reaches
2%
According to body mass index values, what fraction of the U.S. adult population is considered overweight or obese?
2/3
Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?
20
What is the AMDR for fat?
20-35%
On a food label, the "% Daily Value" table compares key nutrients per serving for a person consuming how many kcalories daily?
2000
What is the approximate body mass index of a woman who is 5'5" and 125 lbs?
21
To help prevent hypertension Americans should limit their sodium intake to _____ mg per day.
2300
What would be a normal body weight after 1 year for a healthy infant with a birthweight of 8 lbs?
24 lbs
A food provides 8 grams of fat and 300 total calories. What is the percentage of calories as fat in this product?
24%
What is the recommended range of weight gain, in lbs, during pregnancy for a normal-weight woman?
25-35
Gestation is generally divided into equal periods of
3 months, called trimesters.
A person's highest bone density is achieved by around age (years)
30
A meal providing 1200 kcalories contains 10 g of saturated fats, 14 g of monounsaturated fats, and 20 g of polyunsaturated fats. What is the percentage of energy supplied by the lipids?
33
According to the Dietary Guidelines, what should be the maximum total fat intake as a percentage of energy intake?
35
What is the RDA for protein for a 48-kg woman?
38 g
Carbohydrate and protein each contain _____ calories in a gram.
4
The maximum amount from all sources that appears safe for most healthy people
45-65%
What is the recommended increase in daily energy intake, in kcal, for the third trimester of pregnancy?
450
For every decade beyond the age of 30, what is the percentage decrease in the need for total kcalories?
5
How many subgroups comprise the vegetable food group?
5
Approximately what minimum percentage of all grains consumed by a person should be whole grains?
50
What is the minimum daily amount of dietary carbohydrate necessary to spare body protein from excessive breakdown?
50-100 g
Sports drinks begin to provide an advantage over plain water for athletes when their exercise periods first exceed
60 minutes.
According to recommendations for reducing CVD risk, the percentage of calories from saturated fat in the diet should be no more than _____ percent.
7
What is the highest age group recognized in the Dietary Reference Intakes?
71 years and older
What is the chief reason that many people with lactose intolerance can consume foods containing some lactose without suffering any symptoms?
A change occurs in the GI bacteria
Which of the following describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract?
A flexible muscular tube
What is WIC?
A food and nutrition services program for pregnant women, children, and infants
Among the following, which is the most important strategy for an underweight person who wishes to achieve a healthy body weight?
A high-kcalorie diet plus regular exercise
What is colostrum?
A milk-like substance secreted right after delivery
What is complementary protein nutrition?
A strategy that combines plant proteins in the same day to improve the balance of essential amino acids
What is gestational diabetes?
Abnormal blood glucose maintenance during pregnancy
What fraction of the day's energy expenditure of the average person is represented by the basal metabolism?
About 2/3
What is the fate of excess dietary protein?
After absorption, the extra amino acids will be broken down, and used for energy or converted to glucose or fat for storage.
Alberta is a 20 year old who has been a vegetarian for 3 years. She comes to you for advice after reading some material online by the Meat Promoters of America organization. One of their statements is: ". . . vegetarians are at risk for protein deficiency because they cannot consume all of the essential amino acids necessary for healthy individuals." How should Alberta be advised?
Although many foods don't provide all the essential amino acids individually, she could consume complementary proteins throughout the day, which would provide all the essential amino acids she needs
What is the process by which heat or acidity disrupts the normal shape of a protein chain?
Denaturation
Which of the following would be the best choice for physically active people who need to rehydrate?
Diluted juice or cool water
What organization is responsible for setting tolerance guidelines for the use of a pesticide on food?
EPA
How are the RDA for almost all vitamin and mineral intakes set?
High, to cover virtually all healthy individuals
Which of the following diets promotes superior physical performance in athletes?
High-carbohydrate diet
Which of the following represents the most reliable dietary source of zinc?
Meats and whole-grain cereals
In comparison to the composition of carbohydrates and fats, which element found in proteins makes them unique?
Nitrogen
Which of the following is a feature of water metabolism during exercise?
Sweat losses can exceed the capacity of the GI tract to absorb water, resulting in some degree of dehydration
Your sister Ellen has just joined the Peace Corps and will be working on ways to improve the nutritional status of children in Indonesia. Once there, she saw that many of the children and some adults suffer from night blindness. Which of the following foods should she recommend be incorporated into the Indonesian diet to help prevent future generations from developing this condition?
Sweet potato
What is meant by the bioavailability of a vitamin in food?
The amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body
After you and your friend Dolores share pretzels and animal crackers, she announces that she wants to start digesting her food by watching television. You inform Dolores that
carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth through the action of amylase, so she has already begun digesting the snacks.
Your uncle is considering taking an herbal medicine to control his hypertension after seeing an add for a product on the Internet. What information would you give him?
check to see if the herbs in the product have interactions with any drugs he is taking
The Heimlich maneuver may be helpful in conditions associated with
choking
Time and temperature are two components of safe food handling. The third basic component is
cleanliness.
Protein sparing in the body is best achieved when a person ingests
adequate levels of carbohydrate and fat.
Which of the following holds the key to maintaining the best possible immune system support?
adequate nutrition
The role of the essential fatty acids include:
all of the above: forming parts of cell membranes supporting infant growth and vision development supporting normal blood pressure
It is still acceptable for a mother to breastfeed even if she has
an ordinary cold.
A false story has circulated for several years on the Internet about the chickens used by a popular national fried chicken chain. It claims that the chickens used by the company have been genetically modified to have no heads, beaks, or feet and are kept alive with feeding tubes. This is an example of:
an urban legend.
After consuming a very large meal, the desire to eat a slice of chocolate cake is an example of behavior known as
appetite.
With few exceptions, all of the following substances or practices should be totally eliminated during pregnancy except
artificial sweeteners.
Most foods that are high in calcium are poor sources of iron. This statement illustrates the importance of the characteristic of a nutritious diet known as:
balance
For optimal performance, the athlete's precompetition meal may include all of the following except
beans.
The components of fitness include all of the following except
bone fragility.
The body's amino acid pool consists of
both essential and nonessential amino acids.
A child is brought into the emergency room with breathing difficulties. He also has difficulty swallowing and speaking. The mother mentions that he ate some home-canned beans yesterday. You suspect microbiological food poisoning. The most likely toxin is
botulinum toxin.
Which of the following may offer a protective effect against colon cancer?
calcium
Food scientists measure food energy in:
calories
To assist the process of digestion and absorption, it is usually best to
combine different food types to enhance the absorption process.
Therapy for constipation would include all of the following except
decreasing fiber intake.
All of the following are sensible guidelines for diet plans except
eat rapidly to avoid prolonged contact with food.
All of the following are common causes of heartburn except
eating too slowly.
The process by which bile acts on fat so enzymes can attack the fat is known as
emulsification
An empty-kcalorie food is one that contains
energy and little or no protein, vitamins or minerals.
The single most effective way to teach nutrition to children is by
example
All of the following are general characteristics of the fat-soluble vitamins except
excesses are eliminated from the kidneys.
A popular eating plan that promises quick weight loss is known as a(n)
fad diet.
In general, modifying a diet that by substituting complex carbohydrates for pure sugars (you are eating more complex carbs and fewer sugars) results in a diet that is higher in
fiber
If you suspect that you are suffering from a foodborne illness, appropriate actions to take include all of the following except
find a portion of the remaining suspected food and ask someone else to taste it to detect any off flavors.
All of the following are sources of dietary carbohydrates except
fish
Research has shown that the risk for neural tube defects is lowered by taking supplements of
folate.
Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly is least likely to occur from
insufficient intake of vitamin B12.
Goiter is caused primarily by a deficiency of
iodine.
Important functions of hydrochloric acid in digestion/absorption include all the following except
it activates pancreatic lipase.
What is the role of plaque formation in the arteries during heart disease development?
it can narrow passages in arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart
All of the following are properties of fiber except
it elevates blood glucose levels.
You can tell a claim about nutrition is suspect if it bears the following characteristics:
it is being made by an advertiser who is paid to make claims.
Important factors in the selection of a margarine product include all of the following except
it should contain primarily omega-3 fatty acids.
Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
k
Which of the following would be the best way to add more fruits and vegetables to your diet?
keep a bag of baby carrots in the refrigerator for snacking
All of the following are categorized as fitness strength activities except
kickboxing.
A man with pre-hypertension is trying to keep his blood pressure from going higher. Which of the following dietary changes might help?
remove the salt shaker from the table
To maintain physical fitness during pregnancy, all of the following activities are considered acceptable except
saunas.
The nutrients fall into _____ classes.
six
Hyponatremia refers to low blood levels of
sodium
A main difference between a person contracting an infectious disease or a chronic disease is:
some infectious diseases can be cured with medications but chronic diseases cannot.
Low-fat or nonfat milk should not be given routinely to a child until after the age of
two years.
Wherever dietary fat consists mostly of _____ fats and fish, fruits, and vegetables are eaten in abundance, blood cholesterol and the rate of death from heart disease are low.
unsaturated
A person with chronic diarrhea is at risk for which of the following?
Dehydration
Greg says that he usually eats 1 medium carrot every day to ensure that he's consuming enough vitamin A. Today he said he didn't eat any carrots and is worried that there is not enough vitamin A in his system. What would you say to Greg to allay his fear?
"Don't worry; fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body. It takes a lot longer than one day to develop any adverse effects."
What is stevia?
An herb-derived sweetener
What is the placenta?
An organ from which the infant receives nourishment
What sweetener should be avoided by people with PKU?
Aspartame
Which of the following methods of thawing meats or poultry increases health risk?
At room temperature
Of the following foods, which would be the only source of vitamin B12?
Beef
Which of the following is a typical response of the body to changes in blood glucose?
Blood glucose levels that fall too low signal the release of glucagon
Which of the following characteristics is shared by olive oil and canola oil?
Both contain high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids
Which of the following features do vitamins C and E share?
Both function as antioxidants
John is looking to increase his dietary sources of vitamin C. However, he expresses a strong dislike for all citrus fruits. Which of the following shopping lists would you recommend?
Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries
Which of the following does not serve as a major regulator of fluid balance in the body?
Calcium
During pregnancy, which of the following nutrients show a dramatic increase in absorption?
Calcium and iron
According to NEW nutrition labeling laws, what minerals must be listed on the package label as percent Daily Value?
Calcium, iron, and potassium
In the immediate postexercise period, what type of diet enhances muscle protein synthesis?
Carbohydrate plus protein
Which of the following is an example of the difference between the chemical bonds in starch and those in cellulose (fiber)?
Cellulose (fiber) bonds are not hydrolyzed by human enzymes
Which of the following are good sources of dietary calcium?
Certain green vegetables
Which of the following is not among the common food sources of potassium?
Cheeses
What is the major sterol in the diet?
Cholesterol
Which of the following cannot be found in plants?
Cholesterol
What is a chief function of the B vitamins?
Coenzyme participation
What type of nutrient is starch?
Complex carbohydrate
What is the reaction that links two monosaccharides together?
Condensation
Which of the following is a characteristic of eggs in nutrition?
Consumption of one egg per day by most people is not considered detrimental
What term is given to the time period during which irreversible damage to the fetus may occur from specific events such as malnutrition or exposure to toxins?
Critical period
Your cousin Emily is a vegetarian. Since you have just learned in your nutrition class that nonheme iron is absorbed less efficiently than heme iron, you want to make sure Emily is getting enough iron. What should you recommend Emily do to maximize her iron absorption?
Eat her nonheme iron sources with a glass of orange juice
Which of the following food proteins has the best assortment of essential amino acids for the human body?
Egg
Which of the following foods are most often the cause of allergies?
Eggs, peanuts, and milk
What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein?
Essential amino acid content
Which of the following can the body use to synthesize vitamin D?
Exposure to sunlight
Which of the following describes fat utilization during physical activity?
Fat represents the major fuel source during sustained, moderate activity
Which of the following nutrients requires the greatest time for digestion?
Fats
What term is given to the condition of a female athlete who has an eating disorder and develops amenorrhea and osteoporosis?
Female athlete triad
In what period of pregnancy would most damage from alcohol consumption occur?
First trimester
What is the largest single group of food additives?
Flavoring agents
After digestion of proteins, what products are absorbed into the circulation?
Free amino acids, and a few dipeptides and tripeptides
Which of the following foods provides empty calories for the person on a weight reduction diet?
Fruit with whipped cream
What list is composed of substances widely used for many years without apparent ill effects?
GRAS
Loss of muscle size and strength
Glucose
What term describes how quickly glucose is absorbed from a food after ingestion, how high blood glucose rises as a result, and how quickly blood glucose returns to normal?
Glycemic response
What is the primary storage form of carbohydrate in the body?
Glycogen
If protein needs are expressed per kilogram of body weight, which of the following describes the requirements of infants?
Greater than adults
Which of the following foods is highest in folate?
Green, leafy vegetables
Jenny is 34 years old and has a BMI of 28. Her body type could be described as "pear-like." John is 55 years old with a BMI of 28, and a body type that is "apple-like." Why is John more likely than Jenny to be at risk for degenerative diseases?
He has central obesity
Which of the following is a major function of chloride?
Helps maintain gastric acidity
As far as is known, what hormone is dependent upon chromium for optimal activity?
Insulin
Marie is an 80-year-old woman with a BMI of 27 who has been admitted to the hospital for dehydration. She lives alone, her diet is very high in desserts and sweets, and she only drinks diet colas. On morning hospital rounds, the attending physician asks the group of interns what they recommend for the patient. With which intern should you disagree?
Intern A: Try to lose enough weight to achieve a desirable BMI
Of the following nutrient needs, which is considered the most difficult to meet during pregnancy, often because of low body stores?
Iron
You are presenting a general seminar at a food safety convention. At the end of your talk, an audience member barrages you with questions about irradiation of foods causing people to be exposed to radioactive food. How should you respond?
Irradiation techniques do not in any way produce radioactive foods
Why is ground meat more susceptible to microbial contamination than unground meat?
It has more surface area
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
Which of the following is a feature of leptin?
It is a satiety signal
Which of the following is a characteristic of sports anemia?
It is a temporary condition requiring no treatment
At the end of your class presentation on "Protein-Energy Malnutrition," a student asks you to clarify the protein-energy malnutrition that occurs in kwashiorkor. How should you respond?
It is severe malnutrition characterized by a failure to grow and develop, edema, anemia, and apathy.
Which of the following is a feature of an essential amino acid?
It must be supplied by the diet
Which of the following is a feature of ghrelin?
It stimulates appetite and energy storage
Which of the following individuals is at highest risk for developing hypertension?
Jack, a 40-year-old African American male whose parents had hypertension
You work part-time at a local diner and have noticed that there are a few questionable practices going on behind closed doors. An older employee tells you that the worst of these oversights is the workers' disregard for the "danger" zone. Which of the following applies to this employee's warning?
Keeping beef patties on a warm grill (135° F) for up to 3 hours
All of the following sets of values are included in the Dietary Reference Intakes except
LUT
What is sarcopenia?
Loss of muscle mass and strength
What is muscle atrophy?
Loss of muscle size and strength
Immediately after absorption, what circulatory system carries the fat-soluble vitamins and large fats?
Lymphatic
All of the following are known to reduce the absorption of iron except
MFP factor.
Which of the following defines nursing bottle tooth decay?
Marked tooth decay of an infant due to prolonged exposure to carbohydrate-rich fluids from a bottle
Your aunt Gladys has a family history of heart disease. She decides to begin eating a bowl of oatmeal every morning to help lower her blood cholesterol. After about a month of following this routine, her cholesterol declined about 5 points. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this effect?
Oatmeal is high in soluble fibers that trap bile, causing the body to use more cholesterol for bile replacement
Cholesterol
Phospholipid
Which of the following minerals is least likely to be deficient in anyone's diet?
Phosphorus
Which of the following foods provides the greatest amount of iron per serving?
Pinto beans
In which of the following are ample amounts of carbohydrates almost always found?
Plant foods
What is the major cause of iron deficiency?
Poor nutrition
What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?
Processed foods
What is/are the main function(s) of vitamin D?
Promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption and promotes calcium mobilization from bone
What is the function of mucus in the stomach?
Protects stomach cells from gastric juices
In which of the following food groups are legumes found?
Protein
Which of the following is a feature of protein nutrition in physical activity?
Protein is not a major fuel for physical activity
If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
Protein synthesis will be limited
Which of the following foods are associated with illness from Salmonella?
Raw meats, poultry, and eggs
The amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of about 98% of a population is termed the
Recommended Dietary Allowance.
What is the best approach to weight loss?
Reduce daily energy intake and increase energy expenditure
Which of the following is generally not associated with a regular program of physical fitness?
Reduced bone density
In general, what are the chief consequences of nutritional deprivation in the lactating mother?
Reduced quantity of milk
What is the most important predictor of a person's mobility in the later years?
Regular physical activity
Which of the following practices is safest for minimizing microbial contamination of prepared foods?
Restrict the food's exposure at between 40° F and 140° F to a maximum of 2 hours
Milk and milk products provide liberal amounts of which of the following vitamins?
Riboflavin
What should be the first cereal introduced to the infant?
Rice
Which of these meals is lowest in vitamin C?
Roast beef, carrots, noodles, and tea
Ronnie eats a fairly balanced diet, but wants to include a good source of omega-3 fats. Which of the following should be your recommendation?
Salmon
Jenny has just learned that she is one month pregnant (1st trimester). She has been looking forward to all the ice cream, chips and cakes she has seen women on TV and in the movies eating when they are pregnant. What is the most appropriate advice for Jenny?
She does not have increased energy needs in the first trimester and should not indulge herself
What component accounts for the usually sweet taste of fruits?
Simple sugars
Which part of the GI tract contains highly acidic digestive juices?
Stomach
After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon
What is one function of the gallbladder?
Stores bile
A food scientist is developing a new and improved cereal bar. She consults with you to ask in what order the ingredients should be listed on the food label. The ingredients are: Sugar: 30 g, Puffed wheat: 28 g, Dry milk powder: 5 g, Red food coloring: 35 mg, Salt: 2 g. What is the appropriate order in which to list these ingredients on the food label?
Sugar, puffed wheat, dry milk powder, salt, red food coloring
Which of the following does not describe a function of fat?
Supplies up to 25% of the body's energy needs during rest
What is the primary cause for belching?
Swallowing air
What does the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of a nutrient represent?
The maximum amount from all sources that appears safe for most healthy people
You are working as a nutrition consultant in a women's health clinic and have been advising patients to make sure they consume about 400 micrograms of folate every day. One patient is aware that folate helps prevent birth defects but she isn't sure why she should take it if she is not pregnant. Which of the following is the most appropriate reply?
The neural tube develops early on in pregnancy, oftentimes before the woman realizes she is pregnant
Which of the following is a feature of protein nutrition?
The protein RDA assumes that dietary protein is from a mix of low- and high-quality sources
Which of the following is a feature of the protein RDA?
The recommendations are generous
What is meant by protein turnover?
The synthesis and degradation of body proteins
Which of the following represents the results of well-controlled studies of vitamin C supplementation on the resistance to, and recovery from, colds?
There was a significant reduction in the duration of colds in people who consumed at least one gram a day
Which of the following is not a general feature of the trace minerals?
They are rarely found in dietary supplements
The day after Thanksgiving, you and your sisters are a little hungry and want to eat leftovers before going shopping. Which of the following foods would most readily satisfy the feeling of hunger?
Turkey
What is the composition of maltose?
Two glucose units
According to NEW nutrition labeling laws, the amounts of what vitamin must be listed on the package label as percent Daily Value?
Vitamin D
What two major nutrients are supplied by the fruit and vegetable groups?
Vitamins A and C
What is the body's most indispensable nutrient?
Water
In nutrition, the word essential means:
a necessary nutrient that can be obtained only from the diet.
Which of the following contains the least amount of fiber?
White rice
Which of the following product labels always denotes a whole-grain product?
Whole-wheat
Which of the following best exemplifies an activity that promotes flexibility?
Yoga
Which of the following appears to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?
a and b magnesium potassium
An atherogenic diet is characterized as one that is:
a and b; high in saturated fats. high in trans fats.
The energy-yielding nutrients include:
a and b; protein & fat
Examples of cruciferous vegetables include:
a and b; rutabaga & bok choy
Effects of protein-energy malnutrition on the body's defense system include:
a and b; the skin becomes thinner with less connective tissue. antibody secretions and immune cell number are reduced.
Alcohol is associated with cancers of the:
a and c; mouth & breast
All of the following are characteristics of body weight and older people except
a higher body weight reduces the risk of sarcopenia.
All of the following dietary factors are protective against CVD except:
a low-carbohydrate diet.
The process by which food is broken down into absorbable components is called
digestion.
Lipids differ in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to their number of
double bonds.
The most common symptoms of foodborne infection include all of the following except
double vision.
The addition of calcium to some orange juice products by food manufacturers is most properly termed nutrient
fortification.
People who have frequent, regular bouts of heartburn and indigestion have a medical condition known as
gastroesophageal reflux.
Characteristics of a legitimate and qualified nutrition expert include:
graduation from a university after completing a program of dietetics.
Your friend Bob, who engages in endurance exercise throughout the week, is concerned that his protein intake is inadequate and asks what type of protein supplement he should take. You assure him that
he most likely already gets more protein from his regular diet than he needs, even for endurance activity.
A major cause of rancidity of lipids in foods is exposure to
heat and oxygen.
A person engaged in physically active work in hot, humid weather and who wears a rubber suit to promote weight loss is at high risk of experiencing
heat stroke.
A high risk of heart attack correlates with high blood levels of
low-density lipoproteins.
All of the following nutrients are organic except:
minerals
A certain amount of fiber in foods contributes to the health of the digestive tract, but too much fiber leads to nutrient losses. The characteristic of diet planning illustrated by this statement is called:
moderation
Studies report that folate supplements for women may lower the incidence of neural tube defects of infants when the vitamin is taken during the
month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy.
In what organ does the digestion process begin?
mouth
The term _"____" has no legal definition but is often used on food labels to imply wholesomeness.
natural
Certain green leafy vegetables have a very low calcium bioavailability due to the presence of
naturally occurring binders.
A food label that advertises the product as a "rich source of fiber" is an example of a
nutrient claim.
Three ounces of beef stew offers about the same amount of iron as three ounces of water-packed tuna, but the beef contains over 300 calories while the tuna contains about 100 calories. This is an example of:
nutrient density.
An eating pattern with sufficient essential fatty acids includes:
nuts, fatty fish, and vegetable oils.
Bariatrics is a field of medicine that specializes in the treatment of
obesity.
A major feature of the Mediterranean diet is liberal intake of
olive oil.
External cues that may cause an obese person to respond to food typically include all of the following except
outdoor exercises.
The known dangers of taking vitamin supplements include all of the following except
pathogenic bacterial overgrowth of the large intestines leading to increased risk of infection.
While researching your southern family history, you find that your grandmother had a sister who died fairly young. The symptoms leading up to her death included diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. Because the family led a poor, corn-farming existence, you suspect this relative died of
pellagra.
A craving for non-food substances is known as
pica
Individuals with hypertension being treated with diuretics may need to consume more foods rich in:
potassium
Your friend Mark is an avid organic food consumer. He believes that natural foods are the only way to avoid the chemicals that farmers "poison" their crops with. You warn Mark that not all natural foods are free from toxins; indeed, that many foods contain naturally occurring toxic substances. The example you provide could be the solanine commonly found in
potatoes.
Most food additives are classified as
preservatives.
The living bacteria found in yogurt are known as
probiotics
All of the following are features of potassium in nutrition except
processed foods are a major source.
Nutrient dense refers to foods that
provide more nutrients relative to kcalories.
Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to
provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.
If a child is reluctant to try a new food, it is best to
quietly remove it and present it again at another time.
Harry has a monotonous diet and eats the same foods every day. You try to convince him to eat a variety of foods because:
some less well-known nutrients and some nonnutrient food components could be important to health.
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Pediatric Society, breastfeeding of full-term infants is
strongly recommended.
The credential "R.D." displayed by a dietitian's name indicates registration with:
the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, (formerly known as the American Dietetic Association).
A principal reason that congregate meals are preferable to Meals on Wheels is that
there are more social benefits to congregate meals.
Features of infant formulas include all of the following except
they contain antibodies.
General characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins include all of the following except
they must be consumed daily.
After sitting through a two-hour lecture in math, your stomach is growling. You have just learned about surface area and its role in mathematics. Your classmate points out that surface area is also an integral part of the absorption of nutrients
through the presence of the enormous number of villi and microvilli.
The major role in the body that all vitamins and minerals have is:
to act as regulators in body processes.
A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol would be known as a
triglyceride.
Good food choices can reduce the chance of developing chronic diseases.
true
A person wishing to increase consumption of polyunsaturated fats should choose
vegetable oils.
Irreversible nerve damage has been reported in people taking large doses of
vitamin B6.
A college student who is on a high-protein diet for weight loss that restricts fruits and vegetables has just gotten a viral infection in her intestines that has made her ill. What might have made her more susceptible than her roommate who is eating regular meals in the cafeteria?
vitamin C deficiency from no fruits and vegetables has affected white blood cell protection
Breast milk as the sole source of nutrition, up to the first 6 months in healthy infants, is satisfactory for all nutrients except
vitamin D.
Food producers are allowed to label a food product as organic if it
was made with at least 95% organic ingredients.
All of the following practices are known to minimize exposure to food pesticide residues except
washing waxed fruits and vegetables in water to remove the wax-impregnated pesticides.
To gradually replace breast milk with infant formula or other foods appropriate to an infant's diet is to
wean
A 45-year-old man who is overweight and has several family members with heart disease is concerned about developing it. Which risk factor does he have the ability to improve or change?
weight
When making food choices, the best types of foods to include in your diet are:
whole foods, because they provide the basis of a nutritious diet.