Food and Nutrition Unit 4

Which of the following is true about minerals? Minerals are only needed in very small amounts in the body. Minerals help the body function. Minerals are water soluble. Minerals are produced in the body.

Minerals help the body function.

How is pasteurized milk different from raw milk? Pasteurized milk has vitamins A and D added to it. Pasteurized milk has the fat mixed in permanently. Pasteurized milk has been heated to the correct temperature to kill harmful bacteria. Pasteurized milk has been dried.

Pasteurized milk has been heated to the correct temperature to kill harmful bacteria.

If Chloe wants to buy cranberry juice that is 100 percent juice, what should she look for on the label? "Natural fruit drink!" "100% natural fruit drink!" "Provides 100% of Vitamin C!" "Made with 100% fruit juice!"

"Made with 100% fruit juice!"

Which of the following is the best advice to retain more nutrients in vegetables when cooking them? Cook them at a lower temperature for a longer time period. Use more water when boiling vegetables and cook them until they are very tender. Use as little water as possible, and cook the vegetables until slightly tender. Cut them in smaller pieces so they will cook faster.

Use as little water as possible, and cook the vegetables until slightly tender.

. Why is it better to cook vegetables in larger pieces instead of smaller pieces? Vegetables will cook faster in larger pieces. Vegetables will retain more nutrients in larger pieces. Vegetables will retain more of their color in larger pieces. Vegetables will be more tender if cooked in larger pieces.

Vegetables will retain more nutrients in larger pieces.

Why do nutritionists refer to vitamin B as the vitamin B complex instead of just vitamin B? Vitamin B complex refers to all of the water soluble vitamins. The molecules that make up vitamin B are more complex than those in other vitamins. Vitamin B consists of several different vitamins.

Vitamin B consists of several different vitamins.

Why are alcoholics (people who abuse alcohol) particularly susceptible to folate deficiency? Alcohol prevents the body from using folate; alcohol causes the kidneys to release folate instead of using it. Alcoholics typically eat fewer eggs, and eggs are a major source of folate. Folate, like other water soluble vitamins, is absorbed by alcohol and taken out of the body. Alcohol has a lot of Vitamin B12, which minimizes the effects of folate.

Alcohol prevents the body from using folate; alcohol causes the kidneys to release folate instead of using it.

Why is fiber called a non-nutrient? Because fiber is only found in processed foods. Because fiber is not absorbed or digested by the body. Because fiber is not necessary for a healthy body. Because fiber is only found in plant-based foods.

Because fiber is not absorbed or digested by the body.

Vitamin C helps in the growth and repair of body tissues. Which of these foods are good sources of Vitamin C? Citrus fruits and strawberries Whole wheat bread and crackers Milk and yogurt Hamburger and pork chops

Citrus fruits and strawberries

What is the key difference between whole-wheat bread and enriched white bread? Enriched white bread has little fiber; whole-wheat bread is rich in fiber. Whole-wheat bread is cheaper than enriched white bread. Whole-wheat bread has essential vitamins; enriched white bread does not. Enriched white bread has essential vitamins; whole-wheat bread does not.

Enriched white bread has little fiber; whole-wheat bread is rich in fiber.

If milk has been homogenized, what has happened to it? It has had all of the fat removed. It has had all of the fat particles distributed evenly. It has had vitamins added to improve its nutrient value. It has been treated to remove bacteria.

It has had all of the fat particles distributed evenly.

What body process does fiber help?

digestion

What would be a good snack to help maintain iron-rich blood? chocolate milk dried apricots and whole-wheat toast cheese crackers diet soft drinks

dried apricots and whole-wheat toast

Claire is having digestion problems so she has decided to eat foods with more fiber. What else must she do if she is going to eat more fiber? drink more water eat more meat eat fewer vegetables take vitamin C supplements

drink more water

In Morocco many women and children are afflicted with anemia. Besides not getting enough iron in their diets, what else might be contributing to this illness? not getting enough exposure to sunlight eating too much vitamin C harmful bacteria in their drinking water drinking too much green tea

drinking too much green tea

What is the term for fruit that is not fully ripe but is still picked and shipped? mature fresh adult dried

mature

Which of the following is a good source of calcium? water chicken corn milk

milk

If fruit is not in season, you can be sure that it will be healthier better quality more expensive better selection

more expensive

Jessica has been a vegetarian for the last year. She knows that she should eat foods fortified in iron since she is not getting iron from meat. What other type of food would you suggest she eat in order to make sure her body absorbs the iron? fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C beans whole grains like oat and wheat tea

fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C

Which of the following is not an important thing to look for when buying fresh fruit? fruits that are the right color fruits that are in season fruits that seem to have a light weight fruits that have a good smell

fruits that seem to have a light weight

. List at least three food sources of fiber in the diet.

fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes

Which of the following is the best source of fiber at a fast food restaurant? green salad french fries milk shake fried fish sandwich

green salad

. Which of the following is not a good source of fiber? raw broccoli grilled trout cooked cabbage baked beans

grilled trout

What could you use instead of scalded milk in a bread recipe? nonfat dry milk buttermilk whole milk evaporated milk

nonfat dry milk

All of the following are functions of electrolytes except help maintain a healthy heartbeat help with muscle and nerve action help maintain the fluid balance in the body help release energy from carbohydrates and proteins

help release energy from carbohydrates and proteins

Which dairy term describes the process of breaking down the fat in milk into small particles and distributing the particles throughout the milk? cream homogenization sour cream curdled

homogenization

Most canned fruits and vegetables can be safely stored __________. in a cool, dry cupboard in the attic under the sink in the laundry area

in a cool, dry cupboard

. Which vitamin or mineral is required for the formation of red blood cells? phosphorus niacin iron riboflavin

iron

. Why is it good to leave the peel on fruits and vegetables?

is a good source of fiber

Which vegetable must be soaked before cooking? green, leafy vegetables legumes potatoes squash

legumes

In the fifteenth century, explorers like Christopher Columbus spent a lot of time at sea where they often had to go without fresh fruit for a long time. Which of the following diseases would they be susceptible to? scurvy rickets pellagra night blindness

scurvy

All of the following are trace minerals except copper iron sodium zinc

sodium

Which one of the following minerals does the body need in the largest amount? copper iron iodine sodium

sodium

All of the following are functions of calcium except helps regulate heart beats helps muscles contract helps build strong bones and teeth strengthens blood vessels in gums

strengthens blood vessels in gums

To slow down the ripening of fruit, what could you do? Store the fruit in a brown paper bag with holes punched in it, at room temperature. Store the fruit in the refrigerator. Store the fruit in a plastic bag at room temperature. Store the fruit in any container at room temperature.

Store the fruit in the refrigerator.

Which mineral is sometimes added to water to prevent tooth decay? calcium fluoride phosphorus iron

fluoride

Claire is preparing a pudding recipe that suggests whole milk. What type of milk might she substitute that would reduce the amount of fat in the pudding? cream sweetened condensed milk evaporated milk 1% milk

1% milk

If you want to get more fiber in your diet, why is it better to eat whole-grain foods instead of processed-grain foods? During processing, the bran and germ, which have all the fiber, are removed from the grain. During processing, the endosperm, which has all the fiber, is removed from the grain. During processing, the grain is exposed to chemicals that destroy the fiber. During processing, the grain is cooked, destroying the fiber in the wheat

During processing, the bran and germ, which have all the fiber, are removed from the grain.

Which of the following is not generally true for fruit that is in season? Fruit that is in season is generally of a better quality. There is usually a better selection of fruit that is in season. Fruit that is in season is generally more expensive than other fruit. Fruit that is in season has more health benefits.

Fruit that is in season is generally more expensive than other fruit.

Which one of the following is not true about storing fruits? Fruits that are aromatic can be wrapped in plastic to keep from getting their flavor in other foods. Many fruits such as bananas, oranges, and apples can be left at room temperature for a few days until they are ripe. Canned fruits can be stored in cupboards that are free from moisture. Grapes need to be washed thoroughly before being stored in the refrigerator.

Grapes need to be washed thoroughly before being stored in the refrigerator.

Gerry has been told by his doctor that he needs to eat more fiber. He loves to eat fruit and is worried that he won't be able to eat as much. How would you advise him? He should stop eating fresh fruits. He can still eat a little fruit, but he should eat more meats and dairy foods. He can still eat as much fruits as he wants as long as he also increases the amount of dairy he eats. He can continue to eat a reasonable amount of fruit, but should add some whole grains, nuts, and seeds.

He can continue to eat a reasonable amount of fruit, but should add some whole grains, nuts, and seeds.

Which one of the following is not a dairy product? blueberry yogurt chocolate milk Hershey's chocolate bar pineapple cottage cheese

Hershey's chocolate bar

What could happen to cheese if it is overcooked? It could get watery. It could become coagulated. It could get infected with bacteria. It could get tough.

It could get tough.

If milk has been pasteurized, what has happened to it? It has had all of the fat particles distributed evenly. It has had vitamins added to improve its nutrient value. It has had all of the fat removed. It has been treated to remove bacteria.

It has been treated to remove bacteria.

Why would children and pregnant women outside of the United States suffer from folate deficiency more than children and pregnant women who live in the United States? The U.S. government has mandated that all breakfast cereals in the United States must be fortified with folate. The U.S. government has mandated that all infants and pregnant women must take vitamin supplements that include folate. Children and pregnant women in the United States eat more whole-grain and unprocessed foods that have nutrients like folate. The U.S. government has mandated that all drinking water in the United States must be for

The U.S. government has mandated that all breakfast cereals in the United States must be fortified with folate.

According to the Benson Institute, many Moroccan women and children suffer from anemia because they do not get enough iron in their diet and because they drink a lot of green tea, which blocks the body's absorption of iron. The Benson Institute claims that Moroccans can help overcome this illness by drinking more fruit juice. Why would drinking fruit juice help people overcome anemia? The calcium in fruit juice helps the body absorb iron. The vitamin C in fruit juice helps the body absorb iron. Any kind of liquid, including fruit juice, helps the body absorb iron. The fiber in fruit juice helps the body absorb iron.

The vitamin C in fruit juice helps the body absorb iron.

Which of the following best describes the process of making enriched white bread? The wheat bran is removed, then the germ and the endosperm are ground and bleached, and then vitamins are added. The endosperm is removed, then the germ and the bran are ground and bleached, and then vitamins are added. The wheat germ is removed, then the bran and the endosperm are ground and bleached, and then vitamins are added. The wheat bran and germ are removed, then the endosperm is ground and bleached, and then vitamins are added.

The wheat bran and germ are removed, then the endosperm is ground and bleached, and then vitamins are added.

Why is cooking with milk products sometimes hard? They take a long time to boil. Cooking with milk products is never hard. The taste is very overpowering. They scorch and burn easily.

They scorch and burn easily.

Why should you wash vegetables before using them instead of before storing them? Washing vegetables can ruin their protective skin that they need during storage. Washing vegetables before storing them will make it so they lose their flavor during storage. Washing vegetables before storing them might make the vegetables more moist, which will make them mold faster. Washing vegetables diminishes nutrient value, so it is better to do it right before you use them.

Washing vegetables before storing them might make the vegetables more moist, which will make them mold faster.

. How are water-soluble vitamins different from fat-soluble vitamins?

Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body, and fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body.

How are water-soluble vitamins different from fat-soluble vitamins? Water-soluble vitamins are only available in plant-based food; fat-soluble vitamins are only in animal-based food. Water-soluble vitamins help with nerve development; fat-soluble vitamins help the digestive system. Water-soluble vitamins must be taken with water; fat-soluble vitamins should be taken with food. Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body; fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body.

Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body; fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body.

If you have removed a fruit's skin, what can you do to keep the fruit from turning dark? You can keep it in the refrigerator. You can cover it with a liquid that contains ascorbic acid (lemon or orange juice). You can cover it with water. you can keep it in a brown paper bag at room temperature.

You can cover it with a liquid that contains ascorbic acid (lemon or orange juice).

Your grandmother may eat bananas every day to get the mineral potassium in her diet to help her maintain __________. healthy skin healthy bones her body temperature a regular heartbeat

a regular heartbeat

What are three common things that can destroy the vitamins in fruits and vegetables? air, water, and heat air, copper, and cold cold, sunlight, and fluorescent light sunlight, heat, and fluorescent light

air, water, and heat

People who do not get enough iron in their diet will start to feel extremely tired and weak. What is this called? scurvy lactose intolerance beriberi anemia

anemia

Tiffany has been feeling tired for the last few months. She has a hard time concentrating on her school work, and her basketball coach has not been starting her in games lately because she has not been playing well. She also seems to be getting sick a lot lately. 5. What would you call this illness that might be afflicting Tiffany? anemia pellagra scurvy osteoporosis What dietary changes could Tiffany make to help her feel better? She should eat more fruits. She should eat more fish and red meat. She should eat more vegetables.

anemia She should eat more fish and red meat.

Why do Americans not have to worry too much about getting enough folic acid? because we get folic acid from the sun, and most parts of the U.S. are sunny for most of the year because folic acid is added to all breakfast cereals sold in the United States folic acid is not an important nutrient because McDonalds puts it in all of their food, and most Americans eat at McDonalds

because folic acid is added to all breakfast cereals sold in the United States

When microwaving a dish of food with cheese in it, why might the cheese heat up faster than the rest of the food on the plate? because of the high calcium content of cheese because of the high cholesterol content of cheese because of the high vitamin content of cheese because of the high fat content of cheese

because of the high fat content of cheese

Osteoporosis is a disease of holes in the bones (or brittle bones) and is associated with a lack of which nutrient in the body? vitamin B complex calcium iron vitamin C

calcium

If Zac is having trouble with constipation, how would you suggest he change his diet? eat more processed foods like potato chips and French fries eat more plant-based foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains eat more animal-based foods like meat, dairy, and eggs drink more milk

eat more plant-based foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

If a doctor has recommended that you increase your consumption of fiber, which of the following would help accomplish that? eating more meat and eggs eating more grains, fruits, and vegetables eating more dairy products drinking more water

eating more grains, fruits, and vegetables

Which dairy term describes milk that is canned and which has about one half of its water removed? evaporated milk homogenization buttermilk

evaporated milk

cheese and reconstituted powdered milk do not need to be refrigerated. true false

false

Which one of the following combinations would be best to eat if you were in need of vitamin C? banana, broccoli orange, kiwi green beans, carrot apple, banana

orange, kiwi

Eating sufficient servings from the dairy group each day will give you enough calcium so that you can help prevent which type of disease? anemia muscle tremors osteoporosis high blood pressure

osteoporosis

Your friend Derrick has told you how much he hates milk and cheese. "In fact," he said, "I don't like dairy products at all." He says that he avoids eating dairy foods whenever he can. 3. What disease would you warn Derrick about based on his eating habits? rickets osteoporosis anemia goiter If Derrick is going to continue avoiding dairy products, what types of foods would you suggest he eat to make up for his lack of dairy food? corn and corn bread whole-grain foods dark-green leafy vegetables, like spinach fruits, like apples and pears

osteoporosis dark-green leafy vegetables, like spinach

In 1965 four doctors at the University of Florida came up with a drink that would help the football team overcome the severe dehydration and muscle fatigue they experienced during hot summer practices and games. Besides water and flavoring, what did the doctors add to the drink to help fight against muscle fatigue and dehydration? iodine potassium fluoride calcium

potassium

The pasteurization of milk is a process of heating milk to just the right temperature to kill harmful bacteria. true false

true

People who live in the northernmost parts of the northern hemisphere, like Alaska and northern Canada, see little to no sunlight during the winter months. In which of the following vitamins would a person in these conditions probably be deficient? vitamin D vitamin K vitamin E vitamin A

vitamin D

If people who are afflicted with an iron deficiency condition take iron supplements but still feel tired and weak, what other vitamin or mineral should they take with the iron supplements? calcium potassium vitamin C vitamin B

vitamin c

Milk is often fortified with which vitamin? vitamin D vitamin E vitamin B2 vitamin C

vitamin d

Which vitamin is absorbed through the skin from the sun? vitamin D vitamin E vitamin K vitamin A

vitamin d

Sarah's blood does not clot when she gets cut. This could be an indication of a deficiency of which vitamin? vitamin A vitamin B vitamin K vitamin E

vitamin k

Which of the following are fat-soluble vitamins? vitamins A, D, E, and K calcium and iron vitamins C and B potassium, folic acid, and niacin

vitamins A, D, E, and K