Force
parallel forces
Non concurrent forces having parallel lines of action
Lever
rigid element that about the fulcrum to exert a pressure or sustain A weight at the second point by a force applied at the third
fulcrum
the point or support in about which Lever turns
Concurrent forces
forces having lines of action intersecting at a common point, the vector sum of which can be found by applying a parallelogram law
Coplanar forces
forces that operate in a single plane
component of a force
Two or more concurrent forces into which single force may be resolved and having a net effect on a rigid body equivalent to that of the initial force. For convenience in structural analysis, these are usually the rectangular or cartesian component of the initial Force
Polygon method
a graphic technique for finding the vector sum of a coplanar system of several concurrent forces by drawing to scale each force vector in succession, with the tail of it at the head of the one preceding it, in completing the polygon with a vector that represent the resultant force , extending from the tail of the first to the head of the last vector
Triangle method
a graphic technique for finding the vector sum of two concurrent forces by displacing one force vertor parallel unit to itself until its tail coinside with the head of the other and completing the triangle with a vector that represents the resultant force
Center of gravity
a point at which the entire weight of the body may be considered concentrated so that, if supported at this point, the body would remain in equilibrium in any position, coinsident read the center of mass in a uniform gravitational field, force whose line action passes through the center of gravity of a body affect only its translational equilibrium, the body remains in rational equilibrium
Vector
a quantity possessing both magnitude and direction, represented by a arrow whose length is proportional to the magnitude in whose orientation in space represent the direction
dynamics
the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion and equilibrium of bodies or materials you stand under the action of forces
Newton's second law of motion
the physical law that the sum of the forces acting on the body is equal to the product of the mass of the body and the acceleration produced by the force,with motion in the direction of the resultant of the forces
Translation
the uniform motion of the body in a straight line, without rotation or angular displacement
Free body diagram
A graphic representation of the complete system of applied and reactive forces acting on the body or an isolated part of a structure. Every elementary part of a structure system has reaction that are necessary for the equilibrium of a part, just as the large system has reactions at its support that serve to maintain the equilibrium of the whole. Also called equilibrium diagram
Line of action
A line of indefinite length of which a force vector is a segment. A force acting on a rigid body may be regarded as acting anywhere along its line of action without altering the external effect of the force
vector sum
A single vector equivalentand producing the same effect on a body as the application of two or more given vectors. Also called resultant
Equilibrium
A state of balance where is resulting from the equal action of opposing force
Applied force
An external force acting directly on the body
Reactive force
An external force generated by the action of one body on another
Force
An influence on the body producing or tending to produce a change in shape or movement
Couple
Force system of two equal, parallel forces acting in opposite direction and tending to produce rotation but not translation.
Non concurrent forces
Forces having lots of action that do not intersect at the common point, the vector sum of which is a single force that would cause the same translation and rotation of the body of the set of original forces
statistically equivalent
Having the same translation of invitation of the effect on the body
Statistic
The branch of mechanics that deals with the relation of forces producing equilibrium among buddies or material system
Mechanic
The branch of physics that deals with the effect of forces on bodies or material systems comprised of statics to in dynamics
Centroid
The center of a one or two dimensional figure about which the sum of the displacement of all points in the figure is zero
rotation
The circular motion of a body about an axis
equilibrant
The force required to bring a set of concurrent forces into equilibrium, equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to be the resultant of the concurrent force system and acting along the same line of action
Moment center
The perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the point or line about which a moment occurs. also called force arm
Newton's first law of motion
The physical law that a body remains at rest or in motion with a constant velocity unless an external force acting on the body. Also called law of inertia
Center of mass
The point at which the entire mass of the body may be considered concentrated such that the moment about any line through this zero
parallelogram law
The proposition that the vector sum of two concurrent forces can be described by the diagonal of a parallelogram having adjacent side that represent the two force vectors being added
Mechanical advantage
The ratio of output force to the input force applied to a mechanism
Moment
The tendency of a force to produce the rotation of a body about a point or line, equal in magnitude to the product of the force and the moment arm and acting in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction
Inertia
The tendency of the body at rest to remain at rest of the body in motion to retain its velocity along a straight line unless acted upon by an external force
Newton's third law of motion
The the physical law. For every force acting on the body, the body exert a force having equal magnitude in the opposite direction along the same line of action of the original force, also cold the law action and reaction
Collinear forces
concurrent forces having the same line of action the vector sum of which is the algebraic sum of the magnitude of the forces, and acting along the same line of action